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Chapter 11 Voice
161
DTMF Mode
Control how the ZyXEL Device handles the tones that your telephone makes when
you push its buttons. You should use the same mode your VoIP service provider
uses.
RFC 2833
- send the DTMF tones in RTP packets.
PCM
- send the DTMF tones in the voice data stream. This method works best
when you are using a codec that does not use compression (like G.711). Codecs
that use compression (like G.729) can distort the tones.
SIP INFO
- send the DTMF tones in SIP messages.
Outbound Proxy
Active
Select this if your VoIP service provider has a SIP outbound server to handle voice
calls. This allows the ZyXEL Device to work with any type of NAT router and
eliminates the need for STUN or a SIP ALG. Turn off any SIP ALG on a NAT router
in front of the ZyXEL Device to keep it from retranslating the IP address (since this
is already handled by the outbound proxy server).
Server Address
Enter the IP address or domain name of the SIP outbound proxy server.
Server Port
Enter the SIP outbound proxy server’s listening port, if your VoIP service provider
gave you one. Otherwise, keep the default value.
MWI (Message
Waiting Indication)
Enable
Select this if you want to hear a waiting (beeping) dial tone on your phone when
you have at least one voice message. Your VoIP service provider must support
this feature.
Expiration Time
Keep the default value, unless your VoIP service provider tells you to change it.
Enter the number of seconds the SIP server should provide the message waiting
service each time the ZyXEL Device subscribes to the service. Before this time
passes, the ZyXEL Device automatically subscribes again.
Fax Option
This field controls how the ZyXEL Device handles fax messages.
G.711 Fax
Passthrough
Select this if the ZyXEL Device should use G.711 to send fax messages. The peer
devices must also use G.711.
T.38 Fax Relay
Select this if the ZyXEL Device should send fax messages as UDP or TCP/IP
packets through IP networks. This provides better quality, but it may have inter-
operability problems. The peer devices must also use T.38.
Call Forward
Call Forward
Table
Select which call forwarding table you want the ZyXEL Device to use for incoming
calls. You set up these tables in
VoIP > Phone Book > Incoming Call Policy
.
Caller Ringing
Enable
Select the check box if you want to specify what tone people hear when they call
you. The ZyXEL Device provides a default tone, but you can add additional tones
using IVR. See
Section 11.8 on page 157
for more information.
Caller Ringing
Tone
Select the tone you want people to hear when they call you. You should setup
these tones using IVR first. See
Section 11.8 on page 157
for more information.
On Hold
Enable
Select the check box if you want to specify what tone people hear when you put
them on hold. The ZyXEL Device provides a default tone, but you can add addi-
tional tones using IVR. See
Section 11.8 on page 157
for more information.
On Hold Tone
Select the tone you want people to hear when you put them on hold. You should
setup these tones using IVR first. See
Section 11.8 on page 157
for more informa-
tion.
Table 55
VoIP > SIP Settings > Advanced
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
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Chapter 11 Voice
11.10
Quality of Service (QoS)
Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network's ability to deliver data with minimum delay,
and the networking methods used to provide bandwidth for real-time multimedia applications.
11.10.1
Type Of Service (ToS)
Network traffic can be classified by setting the ToS (Type Of Service) values at the data
source (for example, at the ZyXEL Device) so a server can decide the best method of delivery,
that is the least cost, fastest route and so on.
11.10.2
DiffServ
DiffServ is a class of service (CoS) model that marks packets so that they receive specific per-
hop treatment at DiffServ-compliant network devices along the route based on the application
types and traffic flow. Packets are marked with DiffServ Code Points (DSCPs) indicating the
level of service desired. This allows the intermediary DiffServ-compliant network devices to
handle the packets differently depending on the code points without the need to negotiate
paths or remember state information for every flow. In addition, applications do not have to
request a particular service or give advanced notice of where the traffic is going.
1
11.10.2.1
DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior
DiffServ defines a new DS (Differentiated Services) field to replace the Type of Service
(TOS) field in the IP header. The DS field contains a 2-bit unused field and a 6-bit DSCP field
which can define up to 64 service levels. The following figure illustrates the DS field.
DSCP is backward compatible with the three precedence bits in the ToS octet so that non-
DiffServ compliant, ToS-enabled network device will not conflict with the DSCP mapping.
Figure 89
DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field
Back
Click this to return to the
SIP Settings
screen without saving your changes.
Apply
Click this to save your changes and to apply them to the ZyXEL Device.
Cancel
Click this to set every field in this screen to its last-saved value.
Table 55
VoIP > SIP Settings > Advanced
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
1.
The ZyXEL Device does not support DiffServ at the time of writing.
DSCP
(6-bit)
Unused
(2-bit)
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163
The DSCP value determines the forwarding behavior, the PHB (Per-Hop Behavior), that each
packet gets across the DiffServ network.
Based on the marking rule, different kinds of traffic
can be marked for different priorities of forwarding. Resources can then be allocated
according to the DSCP values and the configured policies.
11.10.3
VLAN
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple
logical networks. Only stations within the same group can communicate with each other.
Your ZyXEL Device can add IEEE 802.1Q VLAN ID tags to voice frames that it sends to the
network. This allows the ZyXEL Device to communicate with a SIP server that is a member of
the same VLAN group. Some ISPs use the VLAN tag to identify voice traffic and give it
priority over other traffic.
11.10.4
SIP QoS Screen
Use this screen to maintain ToS and VLAN settings for the ZyXEL Device. To access this
screen, click
VoIP > SIP > QoS
.
Figure 90
SIP > QoS
Each field is described in the following table.
Table 56
SIP > QoS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
SIP TOS Priority
Setting
Enter the priority for SIP voice transmissions. The ZyXEL Device creates Type of
Service priority tags with this priority to voice traffic that it transmits.
RTP TOS Priority
Setting
Enter the priority for RTP voice transmissions. The ZyXEL Device creates Type of
Service priority tags with this priority to RTP traffic that it transmits.
Voice VLAN ID
Select this if the ZyXEL Device has to be a member of a VLAN to communicate
with the SIP server. Ask your network administrator, if you are not sure. Enter the
VLAN ID provided by your network administrator in the field on the right. Your LAN
and gateway must be configured to use VLAN tags.
Otherwise, clear this field.
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Chapter 11 Voice
11.11
Phone
You can configure the volume, echo cancellation and VAD settings for each individual phone
port on the ZyXEL Device. You can also select which SIP account to use for making outgoing
calls.
11.12
PSTN Line (“L” models only)
With PSTN line you can make and receive regular PSTN phone calls. Use a prefix number to
make a regular call. When the device does not have power, you can make regular calls without
dialing a prefix number.
Note:
When the ZyXEL Device does not have power, only the phone connected to
the
PHONE 1
port can be used for making calls. Ensure you know which phone
this is, so that in case of emergency you can make outgoing calls.
You can also use the
PSTN Line
screen to specify phone numbers that should always use the
regular phone service (without having to dial a prefix number). Do this for emergency
numbers (like those for contacting police, fire or emergency medical services).
11.12.1
Voice Activity Detection/Silence Suppression
Voice Activity Detection (VAD) detects whether or not speech is present. This lets the ZyXEL
Device reduce the bandwidth that a call uses by not transmitting “silent packets” when you are
not speaking.
11.12.2
Comfort Noise Generation
When using VAD, the ZyXEL Device generates comfort noise when the other party is not
speaking. The comfort noise lets you know that the line is still connected as total silence could
easily be mistaken for a lost connection.
11.12.3
Echo Cancellation
G.168 is an ITU-T standard for eliminating the echo caused by the sound of your voice
reverberating in the telephone receiver while you talk.
Apply
Click this to save your changes and to apply them to the ZyXEL Device.
Cancel
Click this to set every field in this screen to its last-saved value.
Table 56
SIP > QoS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
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165
11.13
Analog Phone Screen
Use this screen to control which SIP accounts and PSTN line each phone uses. To access this
screen, click
VoIP > Phone > Analog Phone
.
Figure 91
Phone > Analog Phone
Each field is described in the following table.
Table 57
Phone > Analog Phone
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Phone Port
Settings
Select the phone port you want to see in this screen. If you change this field, the
screen automatically refreshes.
Outgoing Call Use
SIP1
Select this if you want this phone port to use the SIP1 account when it makes calls.
If you select both SIP accounts, the ZyXEL Device tries to use SIP2 first.
SIP2
Select this if you want this phone port to use the SIP2 account when it makes calls.
If you select both SIP accounts, the ZyXEL Device tries to use SIP2 first.
Incoming Call
apply to
SIP1
Select this if you want to receive phone calls for the SIP1 account on this phone
port. If you select more than one source for incoming calls, there is no way to
distinguish between them when you receive phone calls.
SIP2
Select this if you want to receive phone calls for the SIP2 account on this phone
port. If you select more than one source for incoming calls, there is no way to
distinguish between them when you receive phone calls.
PSTN Line (“L”
models only)
Select this if you want to receive phone calls from the PSTN line (that do not use
the Internet) on this phone port. If you select more than one source for incoming
calls, there is no way to distinguish between them when you receive phone calls.
Note:
When the ZyXEL Device does not have power, regardless of
the settings you configure, only the phone connected to the
PHONE 1
port can be used for making calls. Ensure you
know which phone this is, so that in case of emergency you
can make outgoing calls.

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