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Page 16 / 58 Scroll up to view Page 11 - 15
13
Chapter 5: Routing Tab
EdgeRouter
™
Lite User Guide
Ubiquiti Networks, Inc.
Chapter 5: Routing Tab
The
Routing
tab displays status information about a variety
of connected, static, RIP, and OSPF routes. You can also
configure static routes and OSPF options. Any setting
marked with a blue asterisk
*
is required.
You have two sub-tabs:
Routes
View route information and create static routes.
OSPF
Configure OSPF options.
IPv6 Routing
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) is gaining popularity
and is bound to grow as IP addressing demands increase.
The EdgeOS Configuration Interface supports IPv6 for the
following options:
•
System
>
Name Server
configuration
(Refer to
“Name Server” on page 7
.)
•
Dashboard
>
VLAN
configuration
(Refer to
“Add VLAN” on page 11
.)
•
Dashboard
>
Interface
configuration
(Refer to
“Configure the Interface” on page 12
.)
For IPv6 addresses, the EdgeOS Configuration Interface
supports “::” (double-colon) notation, which substitutes
“::” for a contiguous sequence of 16-bit blocks set to zero.
Here is an example:
2001:db8::1
If written out, the IPv6 address becomes:
2001:db8:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
The EdgeOS Configuration Interface displays IPv6
addresses only in two locations:
•
System
>
Name Server
section
•
Dashboard
tab
The EdgeOS Configuration Interface will increase its
support of IPv6 in future releases. For other options, you
can use the CLI, which has comprehensive IPv6 support.
Note:
Use the CLI to view IPv6 options configured
in the CLI but not supported by the EdgeOS
Configuration Interface.
Page 17 / 58
14
Chapter 5: Routing Tab
EdgeRouter
™
Lite User Guide
Ubiquiti Networks, Inc.
Routes
A route determines how traffic travels to its destination
network. If more than one route is suitable, the
EdgeRouter uses administrative distance as a metric to
compare all available routes, including directly connected
routes, manually configured static routes, dynamic routes,
and the default route. The EdgeRouter uses the route with
the lowest administrative distance.
All/Static/Connected/RIP/OSPF
Add Static Route
To create a new static route, click
Add
Static Route
.
The
Create Static Route
screen appears.
Complete the following:
•
Select Route Type
You have three options:
Gateway
,
Interface
, or
Black Hole
.
-
Gateway
Define a route using the IP address and
subnet mask of the next hop gateway.
•
Destination network
Enter the IP address and
subnet mask using slash notation:
<network_IP_address>
/
<subnet_mask_number>
(example:
192.0.2.0/24
).
The first default route is configured on the
System
tab; see
“System gateway address” on page 7
for more information. To create multiple default
routes, set up static routes and enter
0.0.0.0/0
.
•
Next hop address
Enter the IP address.
•
Distance (1-255)
Enter the administrative distance.
If there are identical routes from different sources
(such as static, RIP, or OSPF), the EdgeRouter
compares the routes and uses the route with the
lowest distance.
•
Enable
Check the box to enable the route.
Click
Save
to apply your changes.
-
Interface
Define a route using a next hop interface.
•
Destination network
Enter the IP address and
subnet mask using slash notation:
<network_IP_address>
/
<subnet_mask_number>
(example:
192.0.2.0/24
).
•
Next hop interface
Select the appropriate
interface from the drop-down list.
•
Distance (1-255)
Enter the administrative distance.
If there are identical routes from different sources
(such as static, RIP, and OSPF), the EdgeRouter
compares the routes and uses the route with the
lowest distance.
•
Enable
Check the box to enable the route.
Click
Save
to apply your changes.
-
Black Hole
Define a route that drops unwanted
traffic.
•
Destination network
Enter the IP address and
subnet mask using slash notation:
<network_IP_address>
/
<subnet_mask_number>
(example:
192.0.2.0/24
).
•
Distance (1-255)
Enter the administrative distance.
If there are identical routes from different sources
(such as static, RIP, and OSPF), the EdgeRouter
compares the routes and uses the route with the
lowest distance.
•
Enable
Check the box to enable the route.
Click
Save
to apply your changes.
Search
Allows you to search for specific text. Begin
typing; there is no need to press
enter
. The results are
filtered in real time as soon as you type two or more
characters.
Page 18 / 58
15
Chapter 5: Routing Tab
EdgeRouter
™
Lite User Guide
Ubiquiti Networks, Inc.
All/Static/Connected/RIP/OSPF
Click the appropriate tab
to filter the routes as needed.
•
All
All routes are displayed by default.
•
Static
All static routes that you have configured are
displayed.
•
Connected
All routes that are directly connected to the
EdgeRouter are displayed.
•
RIP
All RIP (Routing Information Protocol) routes are
displayed. RIP is an interior, distance vector routing
protocol that uses hop count as a metric to determine
the best route.
•
OSPF
All OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) routes are
displayed. OSPF is an interior, link-state routing protocol
that uses cost as a metric to determine the best route.
The bandwidth of an interface determines the cost – the
higher the bandwidth, the lower the cost.
A table displays the following information about each
route. Click a column heading to sort by that heading.
Selected
The status of the route, whether it has been
selected for the routing table, is displayed.
Destination
The destination IP address is displayed.
Next Hop
The IP address of the next-hop interface is
displayed.
Interface
The name of the interface is displayed.
Route Type
The type of route is displayed.
In FIB
The forwarding status of the route, whether it is in
the FIB (Forwarding Information Base), is displayed.
Actions
Click the
Actions
button to access the following
options:
•
Config
To configure the route, click
Config
. Go to the
Configure the Static Route section
below.
•
Delete
Delete the route; its configuration will be
removed.
•
Disable
Disable the route while keeping its
configuration. (This option is not available for black hole
routes.)
Configure the Static Route
After you click
Config
, the
Static Route Configuration
screen
appears.
Follow the instructions for your route type:
Gateway
•
Route type
The
gateway
route uses the IP address and
subnet mask of the next hop gateway.
•
Destination network
The IP address and subnet mask
are displayed in slash notation.
•
Next hop address
The IP address of the next hop
gateway is displayed.
•
Distance (1-255)
Enter the administrative distance. If
there are identical routes from different sources (such
as static, RIP, and OSPF), the EdgeRouter compares the
routes and uses the route with the lowest distance.
•
Enable
Check the box to enable the route.
Click
Save
to apply your changes.
Interface
•
Route type
The
interface
route uses the next hop
interface.
•
Destination network
The IP address and subnet mask
are displayed in slash notation.
•
Next hop interface
The name of the next hop interface
is displayed.
•
Distance (1-255)
Enter the administrative distance. If
there are identical routes from different sources (such
as static, RIP, and OSPF), the EdgeRouter compares the
routes and uses the route with the lowest distance.
•
Enable
Check the box to enable the route.
Click
Save
to apply your changes.
Page 19 / 58
16
Chapter 5: Routing Tab
EdgeRouter
™
Lite User Guide
Ubiquiti Networks, Inc.
Black Hole
•
Route type
The
black hole
route drops unwanted traffic.
•
Destination network
The IP address and subnet mask
are displayed in slash notation.
•
Distance (1-255)
Enter the administrative distance. If
there are identical routes from different sources (such
as static, RIP, and OSPF), the EdgeRouter compares the
routes and uses the route with the lowest distance.
•
Enable
Check the box to enable the route.
Click
Save
to apply your changes.
OSPF
Using Link State Advertisements, routers communicate
with each other when there is a router or link status
change. Each router maintains the information in a
database, which is used to create and update a network
map from the router’s point of view. Each router then uses
the map to build and update a routing table.
Router
Router ID
Enter the IP address that identifies a specific
router in an OSPF network. In OSPF, the highest
Router ID
determines which router is the Designated Router (DR),
which distributes updates to the other OSPF routers.
Click
Save
to apply your changes, or click
Delete OSPF
to remove the
Router
,
Redistribution
, and
Area
settings
(
Interfaces
settings are retained).
Redistribution
A single router can use multiple routing protocols, such
as OSPF and RIP, which use incompatible metrics. It
must reconcile information from multiple protocols to
determine which route to use for a specific destination
network. You can change the metrics of the distributed
protocol to create protocol compatibility.
Redistribute connected
If enabled, the EdgeRouter
connects an OSPF area to a network using a different
routing protocol and redistributes the other protocol’s
directly connected routes into the OSPF area. These routes
become external OSPF routes.
-
Metric
If there are multiple routes to the same
destination, OSPF uses the metric to select a route
for the routing table. Assign a cost value to the
redistributed connected routes. The EdgeRouter can
then use this metric to compare these routes to other
OSPF routes.
Redistribute static
If enabled, the EdgeRouter connects
an OSPF area to a network using a different routing
protocol and redistributes the other protocol’s static
routes into the OSPF area. These routes become external
OSPF routes.
-
Metric
If there are multiple routes to the same
destination, OSPF uses the metric to select a route
for the routing table. Assign a cost value to the
redistributed static routes. The EdgeRouter can then
use this metric to compare these routes to other OSPF
routes.
Announce default route
If enabled, the EdgeRouter
communicates the default route to the other routers of
the OSPF network, eliminating the need to configure
the default route on the other routers. The default route
connects the OSPF network to an outside network.
Page 20 / 58
17
Chapter 5: Routing Tab
EdgeRouter
™
Lite User Guide
Ubiquiti Networks, Inc.
Areas
To enhance scalability, an OSPF network is comprised of
smaller sections called areas. At the minimum, there is the
backbone area, called Area 0.
Add Area
To create a new area, click
Add Area
.
The
Create OSPF Area
screen appears.
Complete the following:
•
Area ID
This is the number that identifies an area. It can
be an integer or use a format similar to an IPv4 address.
•
Area Type
This defines the routes that are acceptable
inside the area. Select the appropriate option:
-
Normal/sec
The default type accepts all routes.
-
NSSA
A NSSA (Not So Stubby Area) network is a
variation of a stub network. It can import external
routes from type 7 Link State Advertisements, which
are NSSA-specific.
-
Stub
The network has no external routes. Typically, it
has a default route for outbound traffic.
•
Auth Type
Authentication helps secure communication
between routers. Select the appropriate option:
-
Off
No authentication is used.
-
MD5/sec
Each router uses a key (password) and key
ID. This is the most secure option because the key is
never transmitted.
-
Plain text
Each router uses a key. This provides
minimal security because the key is transmitted in
plain text format.
•
Network
Enter the IP address and subnet mask using
slash notation:
<network_IP_address>
/
<subnet_mask_number>
(example:
192.0.2.0/24
).
Click
Add New
to enter more network addresses.
Click
Save
to apply your changes.
A table displays the following information about each
OSPF Area. Click a column heading to sort by that
heading.
Area ID
The identification number of the area is
displayed.
Area Type
The type of area is displayed.
Auth Type
The authentication type of the area is
displayed.
Network
The network address of the area is displayed.
Actions
Click the
Actions
button to access the following
options:
•
Config
To configure the OSPF Area, click
Config
. Go to
the
Configure the OSPF Area
section.
•
Delete
Delete the OSPF Area.
Configure the OSPF Area
After you click
Config
, the
OSPF Area Configuration
screen
appears.
Make changes as needed.
•
Area ID
This is the number that identifies an area. It can
be an integer or use a format similar to an IPv4 address.
•
Area Type
This defines the routes that are acceptable
inside the area. Select the appropriate option:
-
Normal/sec
The default type accepts all routes.
-
NSSA
A NSSA (Not So Stubby Area) network is a
variation of a stub network. It can import external
routes from type 7 Link State Advertisements, which
are NSSA-specific.
-
Stub
The network has no external routes. Typically, it
has a default route for outbound traffic.
•
Auth Type
Authentication helps secure communication
between routers. Select the appropriate option:
-
Off
No authentication is used.
-
MD5/sec
Each router uses a key (password) and key
ID. This is the most secure option because the key is
never transmitted.
-
Plain text
Each router uses a key. This provides
minimal security because the key is transmitted in
plain text format.

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