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5.3.5 QoS (Quality of Service)
Quality of Service Introduction
If you’ve ever found your ‘net’ speed has slowed to a crawl because another family member
is using a P2P file sharing program, you’ll understand why the Quality of Service features in
the routers is such a breakthrough for home users and office users.
QoS: Keeping Your Net Connection Fast and Responsive
Configurable by internal IP address, external IP address, protocol, and port, the Quality of
Service (QoS) gives you full control over which types of outgoing data traffic should be given
priority by the router, ensuring bandwidth-consumption data like gaming packets,
latency-sensitive application like voice, or even mission critical files, move through the router
at lightning speed, even under heavy load. You can throttle the speed at which different
types of outgoing data pass through the router. In addition, you can simply change the
priority of different types of upload data and let the router sort out the actual speeds.
QoS Setup
Please choose the
QoS
in the
Configuration
item of the left window as depicted below.
After clicking the QoS item, you can Add/Edit/Delete a QoS policy. This page will show the
brief information for policies you have added or edited. This page will also display the total
available (Non-assigned) bandwidth, in percentage, can be assigned.
Application
: A name that identifies an existing policy.
Direction
: The traffic flow direction to be controlled by the QoS policy.
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104
There are two settings to be provided in the Router:
~
LAN to WAN:
You want to control the traffic flow from the local network to the outside
world. e.g., you have a FTP server inside the local network and you want to have a limited
traffic rate controlled by the QoS policy. So, you need to add a policy with LAN to WAN
direction setting.
~
WAN to LAN
: Control Traffic flow from the WAN to LAN. The connection maybe either
issued from LAN to WAN or WAN to LAN.)
Protocol
: The Protocol will be controlled. For GRE protocol, there is no need to specify
the IP addresses or Application ports in this page. For other protocols, at least one value
shall be given.
~
ANY:
No protocol type is specified.
~
TCP
~
UDP
~
ICMP
~
GRE:
For PPTP VPN Connections.
DSCP Marking
: Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP), it is the first 6 bits in the ToS
byte. DSCP Marking allows users to classify traffic based on DSCP value and send packets
to next Router.
Note:
To be sure the router(s) in the backbones network have the capability in executing and
checking the DSCP through-out the QoS network.
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105
DSCP Mapping Table
ADSL2+ Router
Standard DSCP
Disabled
None
Best Effort
Best Effort (000000)
Premium
Express Forwarding (101110)
Gold service (L)
Class 1, Gold (001010)
Gold service (M)
Class 1, Silver (001100)
Gold service (H)
Class 1, Bronze (001110)
Silver service (L)
Class 2, Gold (010010)
Silver service (M)
Class 2, Silver (010100)
Silver service (H)
Class 2, Bronze (010110)
Bronze service (L)
Class 3, Gold (011010)
Bronze service (M)
Class 3, Silver (011100)
Bronze service (H)
Class 3, Bronze (011110)
Rate Type
: 2 types are provided:
~
Limited (Maximum):
specify a limited data rate for this policy. It also is the maximal
rate for this policy. As above FTP server example, you may want to “throttle” the outgoing
FTP speed to 20% of 256K and limit to it, you may use this type.
~
Guaranteed (Minimum):
specify a minimal data rate for this policy. For example,
you want to provide a guaranteed data rate for your outside customers to access your
internal FTP server with, say at least, 20% of your total bandwidth. You can use this type.
Then, if there is available bandwidth that is not used, it will be given to this policy by following
priority assignment.
Ratio:
Assign the data ratio for this policy to be controlled. For examples, we want to only
allow 20% of the total data transfer rate for the LAN-to-WAN direction to be used for FTP
server. Then we can specify here with data ratio = 20. If you have ADSL LINE with
256K/bps.rate, the estimated data rate, in kbps, for this rule is 20%*256*0.9 = 46kbps. (For
0.9 is an estimated factor for the effective data transfer rate for an ADSL LINE from LAN to
WAN. For WAN-to-LAN, it is 0.85 to 0.8).
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Priority:
Specify the priority for the bandwidth that is not used. For examples, you may
specify two different QoS policies for different applications. Both applications need a minimal
bandwidth and need more bandwidth, beside the assigned one, if there is any
available/non-used one available. So, you may specify which application can have higher
priority to acquire the non-used bandwidth.
~
High
~
Normal
: The default is normal priority.
~
Low
For the sample priority assignment for different policies, it is served in a First-In-First-Out
way.
Internal IP Address:
The IP address values for Local LAN machines you want to control.
(For IP packets from LAN to WAN, it is the source IP address. For IP packages from WAN to
LAN, it is the destination IP address.)
Internal Port:
The Application port values for local LAN machines you want to control.
(For TCP/UDP packets from LAN to WAN, it is the source port value. For TCP/UDP packets
from WAN to LAN, it is the destination port value.)
External IP Address:
The IP address values for Remote WAN machines you want to
control. (For IP packets from LAN to WAN, it is the destination IP address. For IP packages
from WAN to LAN, it is the source IP address.)
External Ports:
The Application port values for remote machines you want to control.
(For TCP/UDP packets from LAN to WAN, it is the destination port value. For TCP/UDP
packets from WAN to LAN, it is the source port value.)
Time Schedule:
Scheduling your prioritization policy.
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107
QoS example for your Network
Connection Diagram
ADSL Subscription Rate
Upstream: 256 kbps
Downstream: 2048 Mbps
Example QoS Plan
Application IP or Ports
Control Flow
Data Rate
Time Schedule
VoIP User
192.168.1.1
Outgoing
Minimal 20% with high priority
for non-used bandwidth with
DSCP marking Class 1 Gold
Service.
Always
FTP Sever
192.168.1.100 Incoming
and
Outgoing
outgoing: minimal 30%. Data
rate.
incoming: minimal 30%. Data
rate.
Both with low priority for
non-used bandwidth.
Only
Working
Hours 9:00 to
17:00 Monday
to Friday.
HTTP web
browsing
users
80
Incoming
and
Outgoing
outgoing: limited 20%. Data
rate.
incoming: limited 30%. Data
rate.
Always
HTTP web
browsing users
Restricted PC
Normal PCs
VoIP

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