Zyxel P-2601HN-F1 Router Manual PDF (Setup & Configuration Guide)

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Chapter 29 Product Specifications

P-2601HN(L)-F1 Series User’s Guide

251

RFC 1661

The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)

RFC 2516

A Method for Transmitting PPP Over Ethernet (PPPoE)

RFC 2766

Network Address Translation - Protocol

IEEE 802.11

Also known by the brand Wi-Fi, denotes a set of Wireless LAN/

WLAN standards developed by working group 11 of the IEEE

LAN/MAN Standards Committee (IEEE 802).

IEEE 802.11b

Uses the 2.4 gigahertz (GHz) band

IEEE 802.11g

Uses the 2.4 gigahertz (GHz) band

IEEE 802.11n

Uses the 2.4 gigahertz (GHz) band

IEEE 802.11d

Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Media

Access Control (MAC) Bridges

IEEE 802.11e QoS

IEEE 802.11 e Wireless LAN for Quality of Service

ANSI T1.413, Issue 2

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) standard.

G dmt(G.992.1)

G.992.1 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)

Transceivers

ITU G.992.1 (G.DMT)

ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone modulation.

ITU G.992.3

(G.dmt.bis)

ITU standard (also referred to as ADSL2) that extends the

capability of basic ADSL in data rates.

ITU G.992.5 (ADSL2+)

ITU standard (also referred to as ADSL2+) that extends the

capability of basic ADSL by doubling the number of downstream

bits.

RFC 2383

ST2+ over ATM Protocol Specification - UNI 3.1 Version

TR-069

TR-069 DSL Forum Standard for CPE Wan Management.

1.363.5

Compliant AAL5 SAR (Segmentation And Re-assembly)

FUNCTION

REGION AND CERTIFICATION

Safety

European Union (CE mark)

EN 60950-1:2006 + A11:2009

IEC 60950-1:2005 (2nd Edition)

EMI

European Union (CE mark)

EN55022 Class B

EN61000-3-2

EN61000-3-3

EMS

European Union (CE mark)

EN55024

Overvoltage

K.21 Enhanced Level (6 kV), EN 60950-1 with National

ammendments (SE)

K.45 Enhanced Level ,content K.21 Enhanced Level (10 KV)

Table 78

Standards Supported

(continued)

STANDARD

DESCRIPTION

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Chapter 29 Product Specifications

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252

EuP

Lot6 off-mode

EPS (external power supply) lot7

Electrostatic Discharge

EN61000-4-2

Radio-Frequency

Electromagnetic Field

EN61000-4-3

EFT/Burst

EN61000-4-4

Surge

EN61000-4-5

Conducted

Susceptibility

EN61000-4-6

Voltage Dips/

Interruption

EN61000-4-11

Overvoltage

K.21 Enhanced Level (6 kV), EN 60950-1 with National

amendments. (SE)

Others

EN 301 489-1, 17

FUNCTION

REGION AND CERTIFICATION

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253

A

PPENDIX

A

IP Addresses and Subnetting

This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks.

IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device

(such as computers, servers, routers, and printers) needs an IP address to

communicate across the network. These networking devices are also known as

hosts.

Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network.

You can also use subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.

Introduction to IP Addresses

One part of the IP address is the network number, and the other part is the host

ID. In the same way that houses on a street share a common street name, the

hosts on a network share a common network number. Similarly, as each house

has its own house number, each host on the network has its own unique

identifying number - the host ID. Routers use the network number to send packets

to the correct network, while the host ID determines to which host on the network

the packets are delivered.

Structure

An IP address is made up of four parts, written in dotted decimal notation (for

example, 192.168.1.1). Each of these four parts is known as an octet. An octet is

an eight-digit binary number (for example 11000000, which is 192 in decimal

notation).

Therefore, each octet has a possible range of 00000000 to 11111111 in binary, or

0 to 255 in decimal.

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Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting

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The following figure shows an example IP address in which the first three octets

(192.168.1) are the network number, and the fourth octet (16) is the host ID.

Figure 117

Network Number and Host ID

How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID

varies according to the subnet mask.

Subnet Masks

A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number,

and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). The term

“subnet” is short for “sub-network”.

A subnet mask has 32 bits. If a bit in the subnet mask is a “1” then the

corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network number. If a bit in the

subnet mask is “0” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host

ID.

The following example shows a subnet mask identifying the network number (in

bold text) and host ID of an IP address (192.168.1.2 in decimal).

Table 79

IP Address Network Number and Host ID Example

1ST

OCTET:

(192)

2ND

OCTET:

(168)

3RD

OCTET:

(1)

4TH

OCTET

(2)

IP Address (Binary)

11000000

10101000

00000001

00000010

Subnet Mask (Binary)

11111111

00000000

Network Number

11000000

10101000

00000001

Host ID

00000010

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Appendix A IP Addresses and Subnetting

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255

By convention, subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones

beginning from the leftmost bit of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence of

zeros, for a total number of 32 bits.

Subnet masks can be referred to by the size of the network number part (the bits

with a “1” value). For example, an “8-bit mask” means that the first 8 bits of the

mask are ones and the remaining 24 bits are zeroes.

Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses. The

following examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit

and 29-bit subnet masks.

Network Size

The size of the network number determines the maximum number of possible

hosts you can have on your network. The larger the number of network number

bits, the smaller the number of remaining host ID bits.

An IP address with host IDs of all zeros is the IP address of the network

(192.168.1.0 with a 24-bit subnet mask, for example). An IP address with host

IDs of all ones is the broadcast address for that network

(192.168.1.255 with a

24-bit subnet mask, for example).

As these two IP addresses cannot be used for individual hosts, calculate the

maximum number of possible hosts in a network as follows:

Table 80

Subnet Masks

BINARY

DECIMAL

1ST

OCTET

2ND

OCTET

3RD

OCTET

4TH

OCTET

8-bit mask

11111111

00000000

255.0.0.0

16-bit mask

11111111

00000000

255.255.0.0

24-bit mask

11111111

00000000

255.255.255.0

29-bit mask

11111111

11111000

255.255.255.248

Table 81

Maximum Host Numbers

SUBNET MASK

HOST ID SIZE

MAXIMUM NUMBER OF

HOSTS

8 bits

255.0.0.0

24 bits

2

24

– 2

16777214

16 bits

255.255.0.0

16 bits

2

16

– 2

65534

24 bits

255.255.255.0

8 bits

2

8

– 2

254

29 bits

255.255.255.248

3 bits

2

3

– 2

6

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