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Page 136 / 145 Scroll up to view Page 131 - 135
65xx-A1 Family Router Users Guide
136
Chapter 6
Troubleshooting
The Router Is Not Functional
1.
Check to see that the power LED is green and the network cables are installed correctly.
Refer to the quick start guide for more details.
2.
Check to see that the LAN and Status LEDs are green.
3.
Check the settings on your PC. Again, refer to the quick start guide for more details
4.
Check the router's settings.
5.
From your PC, can you ping the router? Assuming that the router has DHCP enabled and
your PC is on the same subnet as the router, you should be able to ping the router.
6.
Can you ping the WAN? Your ISP should have provided the IP address of their server. If you
can ping the router and your protocols are configured correctly, you should be able to ping
the ISP's network. If you cannot ping the ISP's network, make sure you are using the correct
protocols with the correct VPI/VCI values.
7.
Make sure NAT is enabled if you are using private addresses on the LAN ports.
You Cannot Connect to the Router
1.
Check to see that the power LED is green and that the network cables are installed correctly.
If the LED is off, make sure the router is turned on.
If the LED is red, please contact your
ISP.
2.
Check the Ethernet network cable is plugged in correctly.
If the LAN LED does not turn
green when the Ethernet cable is connected to the router, check the cable.
3.
Make sure you have connected the Ethernet port to the PC.
4.
Make sure that your PC and the router are on the same network segment. The router's
default IP address is 192.168.1.1. If you are running a Windows-based PC, type ipconfig /all
(or winipcfg /all on Windows 95, 98, or ME) at a command prompt to determine the IP
address of your network adapter. Make sure that it is within the same 192.168.1.x subnet.
Your PC's subnet mask must match the router's subnet mask. The router has a default
subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.
5.
If the router is in Bridge mode, you may need to set your PC to a fixed IP address within the
same subnet as the modem (i.e. 192.168.1.2)
The DSL LED Continues to Blink
This means that the DSL line is trying to train but for some reason it cannot establish a valid
connection. The likely cause of this is that you are too far away from the central office. Contact
your DSL service provider for further assistance.
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137
The DSL LED is Always Off
Make sure you have DSL service. You should receive notification from your ISP that DSL service
is installed. You can usually tell if the service is installed by listening to the phone line: you will
hear some high-pitched noise. If you do not hear high-pitched noise, contact your ISP.
The Internet LED is Always Off
If the router is set to router mode (i.e. IPoE or IPoE or PPPoA), and the Internet LED is off, check
the modem configuration.
View the
Router Summary
page and see if the router is configured properly. Check the WAN
Status to make sure the link is up and the router is able to get a WAN IP address from the
network.
Diagnosing Problems using IP Utilities
Ping
Ping is a command you can use to check whether your PC can recognize other computers on
your network and the Internet. A ping command sends a message to the computer you specify. If
the computer receives the message, it sends messages in reply. To use it, you must know the IP
address of the computer with which you are trying to communicate.
On Windows-based computers, you can execute a ping command from the Start menu.
1.
Click the
Start
button, and then click
Run
. In the Open text box, type a statement such as
the following:
ping 192.168.1.1 or the IP address you have changed
2.
Click
OK
. You can substitute any private IP address on your LAN or a public IP address for
an Internet site, if known.
If the target computer receives the message, a Command Prompt window is displayed:
If the target computer cannot be located, you will receive the message “Request timed out.”
Using the ping command, you can test whether the path to the device is working (using the
preconfigured default LAN IP address 192.168.1.1) or another address you assigned.
You can also test whether access to the Internet is working by typing an external address, such
as that for www.yahoo.com (216.115.108.243). If you do not know the IP address of a particular
Internet location, you can use the nslookup command, as explained in the following section.
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65xx-A1 Family Router Users Guide
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From most other IP-enabled operating systems, you can execute the same command at a
command prompt or through a system administration utility.
Tracert
You can use the tracert command to determine the route to an external web site.
On Windows-based computers, you can execute the tracert command from the Start menu.
1.
Click the Start button, and then click
Run
. In the Open text box, type the following:
tracert www.zhone.com
Nslookup
You can use the nslookup command to determine the IP address associated with an Internet site
name. You specify the common name, and the nslookup command looks up the name in on your
DNS server (usually located with your ISP). If that name is not an entry in your ISP’s DNS table,
the request is then referred to another higher-level server, and so on, until the entry is found. The
server then returns the associated IP address.
On Windows-based computers, you can execute the nslookup command from the Start menu.
1.
Click the
Start
button, and then click
Run
. In the Open text box, type the following:
Nslookup
2.
Click
OK
. A Command Prompt window displays with a bracket prompt (>). At the prompt,
type the name of the Internet address that you are interested in, such as
www.microsoft.com
.
The window will display the associate IP address, if known, as shown below:
There may be several addresses associated with an Internet name. This is common for web
sites that receive heavy traffic; they use multiple, redundant servers to carry the same
information.
3.
To exit from the nslookup utility, type
exit
and press
[Enter]
at the command prompt.
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Appendix A – Glossary
Term
Description
802.11
A family of specifications for wireless
LANs developed by a working group of the IEEE. This wireless Ethernet
protocol, often called Wi-Fi.
10BASE-T
A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data
rate of 10 Mbps. Also known as Category 3 (CAT 3) wiring. See data rate,
Ethernet.
100BASE-T
A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data
rate of 100 Mbps. Also known as Category 5 (CAT 5) wiring. See data
rate, Ethernet.
ADSL
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
The most commonly deployed “flavor” of DSL for home users is
asymmetrical DSL. The term asymmetrical refers to its unequal data rates
for downloading and uploading (the download rate is higher than the
upload rate). The asymmetrical rates benefit home users because they
typically download much more data from the Internet than they upload.
Analog
An analog signal is a signal that has had its frequency modified in some
way, such as by amplifying its strength or varying its frequency, in order to
add information to the signal. The voice component in DSL is an analog
signal. See digital.
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
A standard for high-speed transmission of data, text, voice, and video,
widely used within the Internet. ATM data rates range from 45 Mbps to 2.5
Gbps. See data rate.
Authenticate
To verify a user’s identity, such as by prompting for a password.
Binary
The “base two” system of numbers that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, to
represent all numbers. In binary, the number 1 is written as 1, 2 as 10, 3
as 11, 4 as 100, etc. Although expressed as decimal numbers for
convenience, IP addresses in actual use are binary numbers; e.g., the IP
address 209.191.4.240 is 11010001.10111111.00000100.11110000 in
binary. See bit, IP address, network mask.
Bit
Short for “binary digit,” a bit is a number that can have two values, 0 or 1.
See binary.
Bps
bits per second
Bridging
Passing data from your network to your ISP and vice versa using the
hardware addresses of the devices at each location. Bridging contrasts
with routing which can add more intelligence to data transfers by using
network addresses instead. The device can perform both routing and
bridging. Typically, when both functions are enabled, the device routes IP
data and bridges all other types of data. See routing.
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Broadband
A telecommunications technology that can send different types of data
over the same medium. DSL is a broadband technology.
Broadcast
To send data to all computers on a network.
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHCP automates address assignment and management. When a
computer connects to the LAN, DHCP assigns it an IP address from a
shared pool of IP addresses; after a specified time limit, DHCP returns the
address to the pool.
DHCP relay
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol relay
A DHCP relay is a computer that forwards DHCP data between
computers that request IP addresses and the DHCP server that assigns
the addresses. Each of the device’s interfaces can be configured as a
DHCP relay. See DHCP.
DHCP server
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server
A DHCP server is a computer that is responsible for assigning IP
addresses to the computers on a LAN. See DHCP.
Digital
Of data, having a form based on discrete values expressed as binary
numbers (0’s and 1’s). The data component in DSL is a digital signal. See
analog.
DNS
Domain Name System
The DNS maps domain names into IP addresses. DNS information is
distributed hierarchically throughout the Internet among computers called
DNS servers. For example, www.yahoo.com is the domain name
associated with IP address 216.115.108.243. When you start to access a
web site, a DNS server looks up the requested domain name to find its
corresponding IP address. If the DNS server cannot find the IP address, it
communicates with higher-level DNS servers to determine the IP address.
See domain name.
Domain name
A domain name is a user-friendly name used in place of its associated IP
address. Domain names must be unique; their assignment is controlled by
the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN).
Domain names are a key element of URLs, which identify a specific file at
a web site. See DNS.
Download
To transfer data in the downstream direction, i.e., from the Internet to the
user.
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line
A technology that allows both digital data and analog voice signals to
travel over existing copper telephone lines.
Encryption keys
See network keys
Ethernet
The most commonly installed computer network technology, usually using
twisted pair wiring. Ethernet data rates are 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps. See
also 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T, twisted pair.
Firewall
A firewall is protection between the Internet and your local network. It acts
as the firewall in your car does, protecting the interior of the car from the
engine. Your car's firewall has very small opening that allow desired
connections from the engine into the cabin (gas pedal connection, etc),

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