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Tools
The Ping and Trace Route tools may be used to verify accessibility and routes.
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Chapter 6
Troubleshooting
The Router Is Not Functional
1.
Check to see that the power LED is green and the network cables are installed correctly.
Refer to the quick start guide for more details.
2.
Check to see that the LAN and Status LEDs are green.
3.
Check the settings on your PC. Again, refer to the quick start guide for more details
4.
Check the router's settings.
5.
From your PC, can you ping the router? Assuming that the router has DHCP enabled and
your PC is on the same subnet as the router, you should be able to ping the router.
6.
Can you ping the WAN? Your ISP should have provided the IP address of their server. If you
can ping the router and your protocols are configured correctly, you should be able to ping
the ISP's network. If you cannot ping the ISP's network, make sure you are using the correct
protocols with the correct VPI/VCI values.
7.
Make sure NAT is enabled if you are using private addresses on the LAN ports.
You Cannot Connect to the Router
1.
Check to see that the power LED is green and that the network cables are installed correctly.
If the LED is off, make sure the router is turned on.
If the LED is red, please contact your
ISP.
2.
Check the Ethernet network cable is plugged in correctly.
If the LAN LED does not turn
green when the Ethernet cable is connected to the router, check the cable.
3.
Make sure you have connected the Ethernet port to the PC.
4.
Make sure that your PC and the router are on the same network segment. The router's
default IP address is 192.168.1.1. If you are running a Windows-based PC, type ipconfig /all
(or winipcfg /all on Windows 95, 98, or ME) at a command prompt to determine the IP
address of your network adapter. Make sure that it is within the same 192.168.1.x subnet.
Your PC's subnet mask must match the router's subnet mask. The router has a default
subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.
5.
If the router is in Bridge mode, you may need to set your PC to a fixed IP address within the
same subnet as the modem (i.e. 192.168.1.2)
The DSL LED Continues to Blink
This means that the DSL line is trying to train but for some reason it cannot establish a valid
connection. The likely cause of this is that you are too far away from the central office. Contact
your DSL service provider for further assistance.
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The DSL LED is Always Off
Make sure you have DSL service. You should receive notification from your ISP that DSL service
is installed. You can usually tell if the service is installed by listening to the phone line: you will
hear some high-pitched noise. If you do not hear high-pitched noise, contact your ISP.
The Internet LED is Always Off
If the router is set to router mode (i.e. IPoE or IPoE or PPPoA), and the Internet LED is off, check
the modem configuration.
View the
Router Summary
page and see if the router is configured properly. Check the WAN
Status to make sure the link is up and the router is able to get a WAN IP address from the
network.
Diagnosing Problems using IP Utilities
Ping
Ping is a command you can use to check whether your PC can recognize other computers on
your network and the Internet. A ping command sends a message to the computer you specify. If
the computer receives the message, it sends messages in reply. To use it, you must know the IP
address of the computer with which you are trying to communicate.
On Windows-based computers, you can execute a ping command from the Start menu.
1.
Click the
Start
button, and then click
Run
. In the Open text box, type a statement such as
the following:
ping 192.168.1.1 or the IP address you have changed
2.
Click
OK
. You can substitute any private IP address on your LAN or a public IP address for
an Internet site, if known.
If the target computer receives the message, a Command Prompt window is displayed:
If the target computer cannot be located, you will receive the message
Request timed out.
Using the ping command, you can test whether the path to the device is working (using the
preconfigured default LAN IP address 192.168.1.1) or another address you assigned.
You can also test whether access to the Internet is working by typing an external address, such
as that for www.yahoo.com (216.115.108.243). If you do not know the IP address of a particular
Internet location, you can use the nslookup command, as explained in the following section.
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From most other IP-enabled operating systems, you can execute the same command at a
command prompt or through a system administration utility.
Tracert
You can use the tracert command to determine the route to an external web site.
On Windows-based computers, you can execute the tracert command from the Start menu.
1.
Click the Start button, and then click
Run
. In the Open text box, type the following:
tracert www.zhone.com
Nslookup
You can use the nslookup command to determine the IP address associated with an Internet site
name. You specify the common name, and the nslookup command looks up the name in on your
DNS server (usually located with your ISP). If that name is not an entry in your ISP‘s DNS table,
the request is then referred to another higher-level server, and so on, until the entry is found. The
server then returns the associated IP address.
On Windows-based computers, you can execute the nslookup command from the Start menu.
1.
Click the
Start
button, and then click
Run
. In the Open text box, type the following:
Nslookup
2.
Click
OK
. A Command Prompt window displays with a bracket prompt (>). At the prompt,
type the name of the Internet address that you are interested in, such as
www.microsoft.com
.
The window will display the associate IP address, if known, as shown below:
There may be several addresses associated with an Internet name. This is common for web
sites that receive heavy traffic; they use multiple, redundant servers to carry the same
information.
3.
To exit from the nslookup utility, type
exit
and press
[Enter]
at the command prompt.

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