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Page 111 / 121 Scroll up to view Page 106 - 110
109
Glossary
NAT
Network Address Translation
NAT is a method for converting IP addresses (
Private IP addresses
) within a network into
one or more
Public IP addresses
on the
Internet
. With NAT several network components
in a
LAN
can share the router's public IP address to connect to the Internet. The network
components on the local network are hidden behind the router's IP address, which is
registered on the Internet. Because of this security function, NAT is frequently used as
part of a network
Firewall
. If you want to make services on a PC in the local network
available on the Internet despite NAT, you can configure the Gigaset SE361 WLAN as a
Virtual server
.
Network
A network is a group of devices connected in wired or wireless mode so that they can
share resources such as data and peripherals. A general distinction is made between
local area networks (
LANs
) and wide area networks (
WANs
).
Network adapter
A network adapter is the hardware device that creates the connection between a net-
work component and a local network. The connection can be wired or wireless. An Eth-
ernet network card is an example of a wired network adapter. The Gigaset PC Card 300
and the Gigaset USB Adapter 300 are examples of wireless network adapters.
A network adapter has a unique address, the
MAC address
.
Port
Data is exchanged between two applications in a network across a port. The port
number addresses an application within a network component. The combination of
IP
address
/port number uniquely identifies the recipient or sender of a data packet within
a network. Some applications (e.g. Internet services such as HTTP or FTP) work with
fixed port numbers; others are allocated a free port number whenever they need one.
Port Forwarding
In port forwarding the Gigaset SE361 WLAN directs data packets from the
Internet
that
are addressed to a particular
Port
to the corresponding port of the appropriate network
component. This enables servers within the local area network to offer services on the
Internet without them needing a
Public IP address
.
See also:
Virtual server
PPPoA
Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM
PPPoA is a
Protocol
that connects network components in a local Ethernet network to
the
Internet
via an ATM network.
Page 112 / 121
110
Glossary
PPPoE
Point-to-Point Protocol over
Ethernet
PPPoE is a
Protocol
that connects network components in a local Ethernet network to
the
Internet
via a modem.
Private IP address
The private
IP address
(also known as the local IP address) is a network component's
address within the local network (
LAN
). The network operator can assign any address
he or she wants. Devices that act as a link from a local network, such as the Gigaset
SE361 WLAN, have a private and a
Public IP address
.
Protocol
A protocol describes the agreements for communicating in a network. It contains rules
for opening, managing and closing a connection, as well as about data formats, time
frames and how to handle potential errors. Communication between two applications
requires different protocols at different levels, e.g. the
TCP/IP
protocols on the
Internet
.
Public IP address
The public
IP address
(also known as global IP address) is a network component's
address on the
Internet
. It is assigned by the
Internet Provider
. Devices that create a link
from a LAN to the Internet, such as the Gigaset SE361 WLAN, have a public and a
Private
IP address
.
Radio network
See
WLAN
Rekey interval
The rekey interval is the period after which new keys are automatically generated for
data encryption with
WPA-PSK
.
Remote management
Remote management refers to the ability to manage a network from a network compo-
nent that is actually outside the local area network (
LAN
).
Repeater
A repeater extends the range of a wireless local area network by relaying data from the
Access point
to additional PCs or
Network adapter
.
Roaming
Roaming extends the range of a wireless LAN by using several
Access points
with the
same
SSID
and the same radio channel and linked via
Ethernet
. The PCs in the network
can switch dynamically between several access points without losing the existing net-
work connection.
Page 113 / 121
111
Glossary
Router
A router directs data packets from one local network (
LAN
) to another via the fastest
route. A router makes it possible to connect networks that have different network tech-
nologies. For example, it can link a local network via
Ethernet
or
WLAN
technology to
the
Internet
.
See also
Bridge
,
Switch
,
Hub
,
Gateway
Server
A server makes a service available to other network components (
Clients
). The term
"server" is often used to refer to a computer or PC. However, it can also mean an appli-
cation that provides a particular service such as
DNS
or a Web service.
SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
The SMTP
Protocol
is part of the
TCP/IP
protocol family. It governs the exchange of elec-
tronic mail on the
Internet
. Your
Internet Provider
gives you access to an SMTP server.
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol
The SNMP
Protocol
is part of the
TCP/IP
protocol family. It provides a simple procedure
for network administration based on a system of shared information for management
data and network management messages (known as traps), and reports the occurrence
of events within the monitored network (e.g. an alarm message or notification of con-
figuration changes).
SSID
Service Set Identifier
The SSID is used to identify the stations in a wireless network (
WLAN
). All wireless net-
work components with the same SSID form a common network. The SSID can be
assigned by the network operator.
Static IP address
A static
IP address
is assigned to a network component manually during network con-
figuration. Unlike a
Dynamic IP address
, a static IP address never changes.
Subnet
A subnet divides a network into smaller units.
Subnet mask
The subnet mask determines how many parts of a network's
IP address
represent the
network address and how many parts represent the PC address.
The subnet mask in a network administered by the Gigaset SE361 WLAN is always
255.255.255.0. This means that the first three parts of the IP address form the network
address and only the final part is used for the PC address. In this case, the first three
parts of the IP address of all network components are therefore always the same.
Page 114 / 121
112
Glossary
Switch
Like a
Hub
, a switch is an element used to link different network segments or compo-
nents. Unlike a hub, however, a switch has its own intelligence, which enables it to for-
ward packets only to the subnet or network component for which they are intended.
See also
Bridge
,
Hub
,
Router
,
Gateway
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
The TCP
Protocol
is part of the
TCP/IP
protocol family. TCP handles data transport
between communication partners (applications). TCP is a session-based transmission
protocol, i.e. it sets up, monitors and terminates a connection for transporting data.
See also
UDP
TCP/IP
Protocol
family on which the
Internet
is based.
IP
forms the basis for every computer-to-
computer connection.
TCP
provides applications with a reliable transmission link in the
form of a continuous data stream. TCP/IP is the basis on which services such as WWW,
Mail and News are built. There are other protocols as well.
TKIP
The Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) is part of the IEEE 802.11i standard and is
used to encrypt data in wireless networks.
UDP
User Datagram Protocol
UDP is a
Protocol
from the
TCP/IP
protocol family, which handles data transport between
two communication partners (applications). Unlike
TCP
, UDP is a non-session based pro-
tocol. It does not establish a static connection. The data packets, so-called datagrams,
are sent as a
Broadcast
. The recipient alone is responsible for making sure the data is
received. The sender is not notified about whether or not it is received.
UPnP
Universal Plug & Play
UPnP technology is used to spontaneously link home or small office networks. Devices
that support UPnP carry out their network configuration automatically once they are
connected to a network. They also provide their own services or use services of other
devices on the network automatically.
URL
Universal Resource Locator
Globally unique address of a domain on the
Internet
.
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113
Glossary
Virtual server
A virtual
Server
provides a service on the
Internet
that runs on another network compo-
nent, not on the server itself. The Gigaset SE361 WLAN can be configured as a virtual
server. It will then direct incoming calls for a service via
Port Forwarding
directly to the
appropriate
Port
of the network component in the local network.
WAN
Wide Area Network
A WAN is a wide area network, which is not restricted to one particular area. The Internet
is the most frequently used WAN. A WAN is run by one or more public providers to ena-
ble private access. You access the Internet via an
Internet Provider
.
WEP
Wired Equivalent Privacy
WEP is a security protocol defined in the
IEEE 802.11
standard. It is used to protect wire-
less transmissions in a
WLAN
against unauthorised access with
Encryption
of the data
transmitted.
WLAN
Wireless LAN
Wireless LANs enable network components to communicate with a network using radio
waves as the transport medium. A wireless LAN can be connected as an extension to an
existing wired LAN or it can form the basis for a new network. The basic element of a
wireless network is the radio cell. This is the area in which wireless communication takes
place. A WLAN can be operated in
Ad-hoc mode
or
Infrastructure mode
.
WLAN is currently specified in the
IEEE 802.11
standard. The Gigaset SE361 WLAN com-
plies with standard 802.11g.
WPA
WPA was developed to improve the security provided by
WEP
. WPA uses more complex
procedures to generate keys, e.g. TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol). In addition,
WPA can use an authentication server (e.g. a RADIUS server) to improve security.
WPA-PSK
WPA Pre-shared Key
Variant of
WPA
data encryption in which new keys are generated automatically at reg-
ular intervals by means of a keyword (Pre-shared Key). The key is updated at defined
intervals (
Rekey interval
).

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