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Page 81 / 93 Scroll up to view Page 76 - 80
SECTION 5, GLOSSARY
5-1
Section 5:Glossary
A
Access Point (AP)
A device that provides wireless LAN connectivity to wireless
clients (stations). The WR850G acts as a wireless access point.
Adapter
A device or card that connects a computer, printer, or other
peripheral device to the network or to some other device. A
wireless adapter connects a computer to the wireless LAN.
Address Translation
See
NAT
.
Ad-Hoc Network
A temporary local area network connecting AP clients together,
usually just for the duration of the communication session. The
clients communicate directly to each other and not through an
established, such as through a router. Also known as: IBSS
(Independent Basic Service Set).
ASCII
The American Standard Code for Information Interchange refers
to alphanumeric data for processing and communication
compatibility among various devices; normally used for
asynchronous transmission.
B
Bandwidth
The transmission capacity of a medium in terms of a range of
frequencies. Greater bandwidth indicates the ability to transmit
more data over a given period of time.
bps
Bits Per Second
Broadband
A communications medium that can transmit a relatively large
amount of data in a given time period.
BSS
Basic Service Set. A configuration of Access Points that
communicate with each other without resorting any infrastructure.
Also known as Ad-Hoc networks. Also see
ESS
.
Page 82 / 93
5-2
SECTION 5, GLOSSARY
C
Client
In a client/server architecture, a client is a computer that requests
files or services such as file transfer, remote login, or printing
from the server. On an IEEE 802.11b/g wireless LAN, a client is
any host that can communicate with the access point. Also called
a CPE. A wireless client is also called a “station.” Also see
server.
Coaxial Cable
A type of cable consisting of a center wire surrounded by
insulation and a grounded shield of braided wire. The shield
minimizes electrical and radio frequency interference. Coaxial
cable has high bandwidth and can support transmission over long
distances.
CPE
Customer Premise Equipment: typically computers, printers, etc,
that are connected to the gateway at the subscriber location. CPE
can be provided by the subscriber or the cable service provider.
Also called a client.
Crossover Cable
A crossover cable is a cable that is used to interconnect two
computers by "crossing over" (reversing) their respective pin
contacts. A crossover cable is sometimes known as a null
modem.
D
DDNS
Dynamic Domain Name System enables you to assign a fixed
host and domain name to a dynamic Internet IP address. It is
used when you are hosting your own web server, FTP server, or
another server behind the router.
Default Gateway
A routing device that forwards traffic not destined to a station
within the local subnet.
DHCP
A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server dynamically
assigns IP addresses to client hosts on an IP network. DHCP
eliminates the need to manually assign static IP addresses by
“leasing” an IP address and subnet mask to each client. It
enables the automatic reuse of unused IP addresses:
The WR850G is simultaneously a DHCP client and a DHCP
server.
Page 83 / 93
SECTION 5, GLOSSARY
5-3
!
A DHCP server at the system headend assigns a public IP
address to the WR850G.
!
The WR850G contains a built-in DHCP server that assigns
private IP addresses to clients.
DMZ
D
e
M
ilitarized
Z
one. This service opens one IP address to the
Internet, usually for online gaming, and acts as a buffer between
the Internet and your network.
DNS
The Domain Name System is the Internet system for converting
domain names (like
www.motorola.com
) to IP addresses. A DNS
server contains a table matching domain names such as
Internetname.com to IP addresses such as 192.169.9.1. When
you access the world-wide web, a DNS server translates the URL
displayed on the browser to the destination website IP address.
The DNS lookup table is a distributed Internet database; no one
DNS server lists all domain name to IP address matches.
Domain Name
A unique name, such as motorola.com, that maps to an IP
address. Domain names are typically much easier to remember
than are IP addresses. See
DNS.
Download
To copy a file from one computer to another. You can use the
Internet to download files from a server to a computer.
Driver
Software that enables a computer to interact with a network or
other device. For example, there are drivers for printers, monitors,
graphics adapters, modems, Ethernet, USB, HPNA, and many
others.
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line
DSSS
Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum. DSSS is a transmission
technology used in WLAN transmissions where a data signal at
the sending station is combined with a higher data rate bit
sequence, or chipping code, that divides the user data according
to a spreading ratio. The chipping code is a redundant bit pattern
for each bit that is transmitted, which increases the signal's
resistance to interference. If one or more bits in the pattern are
damaged during transmission, the original data can be recovered
due to the redundancy of the transmission.
Page 84 / 93
5-4
SECTION 5, GLOSSARY
Dynamic IP Address
An IP address that is temporarily leased to a host by a DHCP
server. The opposite of
Static IP Address
.
E
ESS
An Extended Service Set (ESS) is a set of two or more BSSs that
form a single subnetwork. See also
BSS
.
Ethernet
The most widely used LAN type, also known as IEEE 802.3. The
most common Ethernet networks are 10Base-T, which provide
transmission speeds up to 10 Mbps, usually over unshielded,
twisted-pair wire terminated with RJ-45 connectors. Fast Ethernet
(100Base-T) provides speeds up to 100 Mbps. “Base” means
“baseband technology” and “T” means “twisted pair cable.”’
Each Ethernet port has a physical address called the MAC
address. Also see
MAC address
.
Event
A message generated by a device to inform an operator or the
network management system that something has occurred.
F
Firewall
A security software system on the WR850G that enforces an
access control policy between the Internet and the LAN for
protection.
Firmware
Code written onto read-only memory (ROM) or programmable
read-only memory (PROM). Once firmware has been written onto
the ROM or PROM, it is retained even when the device is turned
off. Firmware is upgradeable.
FTP
File Transfer Protocol is a standard Internet protocol for
exchanging files between computers. FTP is commonly used to
download programs and other files to a computer from web pages
on Internet servers.
G
Gateway
A device that enables communication between networks using
different protocols. See also
router
.
Page 85 / 93
SECTION 5, GLOSSARY
5-5
The WR850G enables up to 253 computers supporting IEEE
802.11b/g or Ethernet to share a single broadband Internet
connection.
GUI
Graphical User Interface
H
Hexadecimal
A base-sixteen numbering system that uses sixteen sequential
numbers (0 to 9 and the letters A to F) as base units before
adding a new position. On computers, hexadecimal is a
convenient way to express binary numbers.
Host
In IP, a host is any computer supporting end-user applications or
services with full two-way network access. Each host has a
unique host number that combined with the network number
forms its IP address.
Host also can mean:
!
A computer running a web server that serves pages for one or
more web sites belonging to organization(s) or individuals
!
A company that provides this service
!
In IBM environments, a mainframe computer
I
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol is a protocol used for error,
problem, and informational messages sent between IP hosts and
gateways. ICMP messages are processed by the IP software and
are not usually apparent to the end-user.
IEEE
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
(http://www.ieee.org) is an organization that produces standards,
technical papers, and symposiums for the electrical and
electronic industries and is accredited by ANSI. 802.11b and
802.11g are examples of standards they have produced.
Internet
A worldwide collection of interconnected networks using TCP/IP.
IP
Internet Protocol is a set of standards that enable different types
of computers to communicate with one another and exchange
data through the Internet. IP provides the appearance of a single,
seamless communication system and makes the Internet a virtual
network.

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