Motorola Netopia-3000 Router Manual PDF (Setup & Configuration Guide)

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CHAPTER 7

Glossary

10Base-T.

IEEE 802.3 speciﬁcation for Ethernet that uses unshielded

twisted pair (UTP) wiring with RJ-45 eight-conductor plugs at each end. Runs

at 10 Mbps.

100Base-T.

IEEE 802.3 speciﬁcation for Ethernet that uses unshielded

twisted pair (UTP) wiring with RJ-45 eight-conductor plugs at each end. Runs

at 100 Mbps.

-----A-----

ACK.

Acknowledgment. Message sent from one network device to another

to indicate that some event has occurred. See NAK.

access rate.

Transmission speed, in bits per second, of the circuit between

the end user and the network.

adapter.

Board installed in a computer system to provide network communi-

cation capability to and from that computer system.

address mask.

See subnet mask.

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ADSL.

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line. Modems attached to twisted pair

copper wiring that transmit 1.5-9 Mbps downstream (to the subscriber) and

16 -640 kbps upstream, depending on line distance. (Downstream rates are

usually lower that 1.5Mbps in practice.)

AH.

The

A

uthentication

H

eader provides data origin authentication, connec-

tionless integrity, and anti-replay protection services. It protects all data in a

datagram from tampering, including the ﬁelds in the header that do not

change in transit. Does not provide conﬁdentiality.

ANSI.

American National Standards Institute.

ASCII.

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (pronounced

ASK-ee). Code in which numbers from 0 to 255 represent individual charac-

ters, such as letters, numbers, and punctuation marks; used in text repre-

sentation and communication protocols.

asynchronous communication.

Network system that allows data to be

sent at irregular intervals by preceding each octet with a start bit and follow-

ing it with a stop bit. Compare synchronous communication.

Auth Protocol.

Authentication Protocol for IP packet header. The three

parameter values are None, Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) and

Authentication Header (AH).

-----B-----

backbone.

The segment of the network used as the primary path for trans-

porting trafﬁc between network segments.

baud rate.

Unit of signaling speed equal to the number of number of times

per second a signal in a communications channel varies between states.

Baud is synonymous with bits per second (bps) if each signal represents

one bit.

binary.

Numbering system that uses only zeros and ones.

bps.

Bits per second. A measure of data transmission speed.

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BRI.

Basic Rate Interface. ISDN standard for provision of low-speed ISDN

services (two B channels (64 kbps each) and one D channel (16 kbps)) over

a single wire pair.

bridge.

Device that passes packets between two network segments accord-

ing to the packets' destination address.

broadcast.

Message sent to all nodes on a network.

broadcast address.

Special IP address reserved for simultaneous broad-

cast to all network nodes.

buffer.

Storage area used to hold data until it can be forwarded.

-----C-----

carrier.

Signal suitable for transmission of information.

CCITT.

Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique et Téléphonique or

Consultative Committee for International Telegraph and Telephone. An inter-

national organization responsible for developing telecommunication stan-

dards.

CD.

Carrier Detect.

CHAP.

Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol. Security protocol in

PPP that prevents unauthorized access to network services. See RFC 1334

for PAP speciﬁcations Compare PAP.

client.

Network node that requests services from a server.

CPE.

Customer Premises Equipment. Terminating equipment such as termi-

nals, telephones and modems that connects a customer site to the tele-

phone company network.

CO.

Central Ofﬁce. Typically a local telephone company facility responsible

for connecting all lines in an area.

compression.

Operation performed on a data set that reduces its size to

improve storage or transmission rate.

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crossover cable.

Cable that lets you connect a port on one Ethernet hub to

a port on another Ethernet hub. You can order an Ethernet crossover cable

from Netopia, if needed.

CSU/DSU.

Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit. Device responsible for

connecting a digital circuit, such as a T1 link, with a terminal or data com-

munications device.

-----D-----

data bits.

Number of bits used to make up a character.

datagram.

Logical grouping of information sent as a network-layer unit.

Compare frame, packet.

DCE.

Digital Communication Equipment. Device that connects the communi-

cation circuit to the network end node (DTE). A modem and a CSU/DSU are

examples of a DCE.

dedicated line.

Communication circuit that is used exclusively to connect

two network devices. Compare dial on demand.

DES. D

ata

E

ncryption

S

tandard is a 56-bit encryption algorithm developed

by the U.S. National Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of Stan-

dards and Technology).

3DES.

Triple DES, with a 168 bit encryption key, is the most accepted vari-

ant of DES.

DH Group.

Difﬁe-Hellman is a public key algorithm used between two sys-

tems to determine and deliver secret keys used for encryption. Groups 1, 2

and 5 are supported. Also, see Difﬁe-Hellman listing.

DHCP.

Dynamic Host Conﬁguration Protocol. A network conﬁguration proto-

col that lets a router or other device assign IP addresses and supply other

network conﬁguration information to computers on your network.

dial on demand.

Communication circuit opened over standard telephone

lines when a network connection is needed.

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Difﬁe-Hellman.

A group of key-agreement algorithms that let two computers

compute a key independently without exchanging the actual key. It can gen-

erate an unbiased secret key over an insecure medium.

diffserv.

Differentiated Services. A method for controlling Quality of Service

(QoS) queue priority settings. It allows a Gateway to make Quality of Service

(QoS) decisions about what path Internet trafﬁc, such as Voice over IP

(VoIP), should travel across your network.

domain name.

Name identifying an organization on the Internet. Domain

names consists of sets of characters separated by periods (dots). The last

set of characters identiﬁes the type of organization (.GOV, .COM, .EDU) or

geographical location (.US, .SE).

domain name server.

Network computer that matches host names to IP

addresses in response to Domain Name System (DNS) requests.

Domain Name System (DNS).

Standard method of identifying computers

by name rather than by numeric IP address.

DSL.

Digital Subscriber Line. Modems on either end of a single twisted pair

wire that delivers ISDN Basic Rate Access.

DTE.

Data Terminal Equipment. Network node that passes information to a

DCE (modem) for transmission. A computer or router communicating through

a modem is an example of a DTE device.

DTR.

Data Terminal Ready. Circuit activated to indicate to a modem (or

other DCE) that the computer (or other DTE) is ready to send and receive

data.

dynamic DNS.

Allows you to use the free services of

www.dyndns.org

.

Dynamic DNS automatically directs any public Internet request for your com-

puter's name to your current dynamically-assigned IP address.

-----E-----

echo interval.

Frequency with which the router sends out echo requests.

Enable.

This toggle button is used to enable/disable the conﬁgured tunnel.

Rate

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