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Page 96 / 351 Scroll up to view Page 91 - 95
96
☛
WARNING:
SNMP presents you with a security issue. The community facility of
SNMP behaves somewhat like a password. The community “public” is a
well-known community name. It could be used to examine the configu-
ration of your Gateway by your service provider or an uninvited
reviewer. The information can be read from the Gateway.
If you are strongly concerned about security, you may leave the “public”
community blank.
The
Notification Type
pull-down menu allows you to configure the type of SNMP notifica-
tions that will be generated:
•
v1 Trap
– This selection will generate notifications containing an SNMPv1 Trap
Protocol
Data Unit
(PDU)
•
v2 Trap
– This selection will generate notifications containing an SNMPv2 Trap PDU
•
Inform
– This selection will generate notifications containing an SNMPv2 InformRe-
quest PDU.
To send SNMP traps, you must add IP addresses for each trap receiver you want to have.
Click the
Ad
d
button.
Page 97 / 351
97
Configure
The
IP Trap Entry
screen appears.
Enter an IP Trap Entry IP address. This is the destination for SNMP trap messages, the IP
address of the host acting as an SNMP console.
Click the
Submit
button. Click the Alert icon, and in the resulting page, click the
Sa
ve
and Restar
t
link.
Link:
IGMP (Internet Gr
oup Mana
g
ement Pr
otocol)
Multicasting is a method for transmitting large amounts of information to many, but not all,
computers over an internet. One common use is to distribute real time voice, video, and
data services to the set of computers which have joined a distributed conference. Other
uses include: updating the address books of mobile computer users in the field or sending
out company newsletters to a distribution list.
Since a router should not be used as a passive forwarding device, Netopia Routers use a
protocol for forwarding multicasting: Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP). Netopia
Routers can use either IGMP Version 1 or Version 2.
IGMP “Snooping” is a feature of Ethernet layer 2 switches that “listens in” on the IGMP
conversation between computers and multicast routers. Through this process, it builds a
database of where the multicast routers reside by noting IGMP general queries used in the
querier selection process and by listening to other router protocols.
From the host point of view, the snooping function listens at a port level for an IGMP
report. The switch then processes the IGMP report and starts forwarding the relevant mul-
ticast stream onto the host's port. When the switch receives an IGMP
leave
message, it
processes the leave message, and if appropriate stops the multicast stream to that partic-
ular port. Basically, customer IGMP messages although processed by the switch are also
sent to the multicast routers.
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98
To configure the IGMP options available in Netopia Gateways, click the
IGMP
link.
The
IGMP
page appears.
You can set the following options:
•
IGMP Snooping
– checking this checkbox enables the Netopia Gateway to “listen in”
to IGMP traffic. The Gateway discovers multicast group membership for the purpose of
restricting multicast transmissions to only those ports which have requested them. This
helps to reduce overall network traffic from streaming media and other bandwidth-inten-
sive IP multicast applications.
•
Robustness
– a way of indicating how sensitive to lost packets the network is. IGMP
can recover from robustness minus 1 lost IGMP packet. The default value is 2.
•
Query Interval
– the amount of time in seconds between IGMP General Query mes-
sages sent by the querier gateway. The default query interval is 125 seconds.
•
Query Response Interval
– the maximum amount of time in tenths of a second that
the IGMP router waits to receive a response to a General Query message. The default
query response interval is 10 seconds and must be less than the query interval.
Page 99 / 351
99
Configure
•
Unsolicited Report Interval
– the amount of time in seconds between repetitions of a
particular computer’s initial report of membership in a group. The default unsolicited
report interval is 10 seconds.
•
Querier Version
– select a version of the IGMP Querier from the pull-down menu:
v1
or
v2
. If you know you will be communicating with other hosts that are limited to v1, for
backward compatibility, select v1; otherwise, allow the default v2.
☛
NOTE:
IGMP Querier version is relevant only if the router is configured for IGMP for-
warding. If any IGMP v1 routers are present on the subnet, the querier
must
use IGMP v1. The use of IGMP v1 must be administratively configured, since
there is no reliable way of dynamically determining whether IGMP v1 routers
are present on a network. IGMP forwarding is enabled per IP Profile and WAN
Connection Profile.
•
Last Member Query Interval
– the amount of time in tenths of a second that the IGMP
gateway waits to receive a response to a Group-Specific Query message. The last mem-
ber query interval is also the amount of time in seconds between successive Group-
Specific Query messages. The default last member query interval is 1 second (10 deci-
seconds).
•
Last Member Query Count
– the number of Group-Specific Query messages sent
before the gateway assumes that there are no members of the host group being que-
ried on this interface. The default last member query count is 2.
•
Fast Leave
– Checking this checkbox enables a non-standard expedited leave mecha-
nism. The querier keeps track of which client is requesting which channel by IP address.
When a leave message is received, the querier can check its internal table to see if
there are any more clients on this group. If there are none, it immediately sends an
IGMP leave message to the upstream querier. By default, Fast Leave is set to
Off
.
Click the
Submit
button. Click the Alert icon, and in the resulting page, click the
Sa
ve
and Restar
t
link.
Page 100 / 351
100
Link:
UPnP
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP™) is a set of protocols that allows a PC to automatically dis-
cover other UPnP devices (anything from an internet gateway device to a light switch),
retrieve an XML description of the device and its services, control the device, and sub-
scribe to real-time event notification.
By default, UPnP is enabled on the Netopia Gateway.
For Windows XP users, the automatic discovery feature places an
icon representing the Netopia Gateway automatically in the “My
Network Places” folder. Double-clicking this icon opens the Gate-
way’s web UI.
PCs using UPnP can retrieve the Gateway’s WAN IP address, and automatically create NAT
port maps. This means that applications that support UPnP, and are used with a UPnP-
enabled Netopia Gateway, will not need application layer gateway support on the Netopia
Gateway to work through NAT.
You can disable UPnP, if you are not using any UPnP devices or applications.
•
Uncheck the
UPnP Enab
led
checkbox, and click the
Submit
button.
•
The Alert icon will appear in the upper right corner of the web page. Click the Alert icon,
and when prompted, click the
Sa
ve and Restar
t
link.

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