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User Manual
Aolynk DR811/DR814 ADSL2+Broadband Router
6 IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets
58
Table 6-1
IP Address structure
Class
Field1
Field2
Field3
Field4
Class A
Network ID
Host ID
Class B
Network ID
Host ID
Class C
Network ID
Host ID
Here are some examples of valid IP addresses:
Class A: 10.30.6.125 (network = 10, host = 30.6.125)
Class B: 129.88.16.49 (network = 129.88, host = 16.49)
Class C: 192.60.201.11 (network = 192.60.201, host = 11)
6.1.2 Network Classes
The three commonly used network classes are A, B, and C. (There is also a class D but
it has a special use beyond the scope of this discussion.) These classes have different
uses and characteristics.
Class A networks are the Internet's largest networks, each with room for over 16 million
hosts. Up to 126 of these huge networks can exist, for a total of over 2 billion hosts.
Because of their huge size, these networks are used for WANs and by organizations at
the infrastructure level of the Internet, such as your ISP.
Class B networks are smaller but still quite large, each able to hold over 65,000 hosts.
There can be up to 16,384 class B networks in existence. A class B network might be
appropriate for a large organization such as a business or government agency.
Class C networks are the smallest, only able to hold 254 hosts at most, but the total
possible number of class C networks exceeds 2 million (2,097,152 to be exact). LANs
connected to the Internet are usually class C networks.
Here are some important notes regarding IP addresses:
The class can be determined easily from field1:
field1 = 1-126:
Class A
field1 = 128-191:
Class B
field1 = 192-223:
Class C
(field1 values not shown are reserved for special uses)
A host ID can have any value except all fields set to 0 or all fields set to 255, as
those values are reserved for special uses.
6.2 Subnet Masks
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User Manual
Aolynk DR811/DR814 ADSL2+Broadband Router
6 IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets
59
&
Note:
A mask looks like a regular IP address, but contains a pattern of bits that tells what
parts of an IP address are the network ID and what parts are the host ID: a bit set to 1
means "this bit is part of the network ID" and a bit set to 0 means "this bit is part of the
host ID."
Subnet masks
are used to define
subnets
(what you get after dividing a network into
smaller pieces). A subnet's network ID is created by "borrowing" one or more bits from
the host ID portion of the address. The subnet mask identifies these host ID bits.
For example, consider a class C network 192.168.1. To split this into two subnets, you
would use the subnet mask:
255.255.255.128
It's easier to see what's happening if we write this in binary:
11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
As with any class C address, all of the bits in field1 through field 3 are part of the
network ID, but note how the mask specifies that the first bit in field 4 is also included.
Since this extra bit has only two values (0 and 1), this means there are two subnets.
Each subnet uses the remaining 7 bits in field4 for its host IDs, which range from 1 to
126 hosts (instead of the usual 0 to 255 for a class C address).
Similarly, to split a class C network into four subnets, the mask is:
255.255.255.192 or 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000
The two extra bits in field4 can have four values (00, 01, 10, and 11), so there are four
subnets. Each subnet uses the remaining six bits in field4 for its host IDs, ranging from
1 to 62.
&
Note:
Sometimes a subnet mask does not specify any additional network ID bits, and thus no
subnets. Such a mask is called a default subnet mask. These masks are:
Class A:
255.0.0.0
Class B:
255.255.0.0
Class C:
255.255.255.0
These are called default because they are used when a network is initially configured,
at which time it has no subnets.
Page 63 / 77
User Manual
Aolynk DR811/DR814 ADSL2+Broadband Router
7
Service Configuration
60
7
Service Configuration
7.1 Configuration Overview
ATM is a connection oriented packet switching technology using fixed size packets,
called cells. These cells consist of a header and a payload and are switched through a
public or private ATM network depending on the contents of the header. End-to-end
connections are formed by cross-connecting individual ATM segments in ATM
switches.
Each ATM cell carries two labels called Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel
Identifier (VCI) as part of its header. An ATM channel, commonly referred to as virtual
channel, is fully identified by these two labels. Therefore, multiple ATM channels can
reside on your DSL line. All ATM connections are static, i.e. of type permanent virtual
channel (PVC).
Following are 5 modes of ATM setting:
PureBridge
DHCP/StaticIP
PPPoA
IPoA
PPPoE
Click
WAN Setting
in the Main menu and choose the
WAN
tab in the Main Frame to
open the WAN connection configuration page.
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User Manual
Aolynk DR811/DR814 ADSL2+Broadband Router
7
Service Configuration
61
Figure 7-1
WAN connections
To add a new WAN service, click the
label to open the web page
WAN Connection: create service
.
Figure 7-2
Create a new connection
7.2 PureBridge
To create a PureBridge WAN connection, click the radio button
labeled
PureBridge
,
then
click
the
button
to
open
the
web
page
WAN
Connection:PureBridge.
Enter the proper values of connection options, and then click the
button.
Page 65 / 77
User Manual
Aolynk DR811/DR814 ADSL2+Broadband Router
7
Service Configuration
62
Figure 7-3
Pure bridge
7.3 DHCP/StaticIP
To create a DHCP/StaticIP WAN connection, click the radio button
labeled
DHCP/StaticIP
, then click the
button to open the web page
WAN
Connection:DHCP/StaticIP.
Figure 7-4
DHCP/StaticIP
Enter the proper values of connection options, and then click the
button.
7.4 IPoA
To create an IPoA WAN connection, click the radio button
labeled
IPoA
, then click
the
button to open the web page
WAN Connection:IPoA.

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