Hawking HW2R1 Router Manual PDF (Setup & Configuration Guide)

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4-3 Glossary

Default Gateway (Smart Repeater):

Every non-Smart Repeater IP device

needs to configure a default gateway’s IP address. When the device sends out

an IP packet, if the destination is not on the same network, the device has to

send the packet to its default gateway, which will then send it out towards the

destination.

DHCP:

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. This protocol automatically

gives every computer on your home network an IP address.

DNS Server IP Address:

DNS stands for Domain Name System, which allows

Internet servers to have a domain name (such as www.BroadbandSmart

Repeater.com) and one or more IP addresses (such as 192.34.45.8). A DNS

server keeps a database of Internet servers and their respective domain

names and IP addresses, so that when a domain name is requested (as in

typing "Broadbandrouter.com" into your Internet browser), the user is sent to

the proper IP address. The DNS server IP address used by the computers on

your home network is the location of the DNS server your ISP has assigned to

you.

DSL Modem:

DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line. A DSL modem uses

your existing phone lines to transmit data at high speeds.

Ethernet:

A standard for computer networks. Ethernet networks are

connected by special cables and hubs, and move data around at up to 10/100

million bits per second (Mbps).

Idle Timeout:

Idle Timeout is designed so that after there is no traffic to the

Internet for a pre-configured amount of time, the connection will automatically

be disconnected.

IP Address and Network (Subnet) Mask:

IP stands for Internet Protocol. An

IP address consists of a series of four numbers separated by periods, which

identifies a single, unique Internet computer host in an IP network. Example:

192.168.1.2. It consists of 2 portions: the IP network address, and the host

identifier.

The IP address is a 32-bit binary pattern, which can be represented as four

cascaded decimal numbers separated by “.”: aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa, where each

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“aaa” can be anything from 000 to 255, or as four cascaded binary numbers

separated by “.”: bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb, where each “b”

can either be 0 or 1.

A network mask is also a 32-bit binary pattern, and consists of consecutive

leading

1’s followed by consecutive trailing 0’s, such as

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000. Therefore sometimes a network mask

can also be described simply as “x” number of leading 1’s.

When both are represented side by side in their binary forms, all bits in the IP

address that correspond to 1’s in the network mask become part of the IP

network address, and the remaining bits correspond to the host ID.

For example, if the IP address for a device is, in its binary form,

11011001.10110000.1001

11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000

0000.00000111, and if its network mask is,

It means the device’s network address is

11011001.10110000.1001

00000000.00000000.0000

0000.00000000, and its host ID is,

0000.00000111

ISP Gateway Address:

(see ISP for definition). The ISP Gateway Address is

an IP address for the Internet Smart Repeater located at the ISP's office.

. This is a convenient and efficient

method for Smart Repeaters to route IP packets to their destination.

ISP:

Internet Service Provider. An ISP is a business that provides connectivity

to the Internet for individuals and other businesses or organizations.

LAN:

Local Area Network. A LAN is a group of computers and devices

connected together in a relatively small area (such as a house or an office).

Your home network is considered a LAN.

WLAN:

Wireless

Local Area Network. A WLAN is a group of computers and

devices connected together in a relatively small area (such as a house or an

office) wirelessly. Your wireless home network is considered a WLAN.

MAC Address:

MAC stands for Media Access Control. A MAC address is the

hardware address of a device connected to a network. The MAC address is a

unique identifier for a device with an Ethernet interface. It is comprised of two

parts: 3 bytes of data that corresponds to the Manufacturer ID (unique for each

manufacturer), plus 3 bytes that are often used as the product’s serial number.

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NAT:

Network Address Translation. This process allows all of the computers

on your home network to use one IP address. Using the broadband Smart

Repeater’s NAT capability, you can access the Internet from any computer on

your home network without having to purchase more IP addresses from your

ISP.

Port:

Network Clients (LAN PC) uses port numbers to distinguish one network

application/protocol over another. Below is a list of common applications and

protocol/port numbers:

Application

Protocol Port Number

Telnet

TCP

23

FTP

TCP

21

SMTP

TCP

25

POP3

TCP

110

H.323

TCP

1720

SNMP

UCP

161

SNMP Trap

UDP

162

HTTP

TCP

80

PPTP

TCP

1723

PC Anywhere TCP

5631

PC Anywhere UDP

5632

PPPoE:

Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. Point-to-Point Protocol is a

secure data transmission method originally created for dial-up connections;

PPPoE is for Ethernet connections.

PPPoE

relies on two widely accepted

standards, Ethernet and the Point-to-Point Protocol. It is a communications

protocol for transmitting information over Ethernet between different

manufacturers

Protocol:

A protocol is a set of rules for interaction agreed upon between

multiple parties so that when they interface with each other based on such a

protocol, the interpretation of their behavior is well defined and can be made

objectively, without confusion or misunderstanding.

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Smart Repeater:

A Smart Repeater is an intelligent network device that

forwards packets between different networks based on network layer address

information such as IP addresses.

It provides modem access with any

wireless 802.11b/g/n network and redistributes the signal via Ethernet or

wireless Ethernet with full router capabilities.

Subnet Mask:

A subnet mask, which may be a part of the TCP/IP information

provided by your ISP, is a set of four numbers (e.g. 255.255.255.0) configured

like an IP address. It is used to create IP address numbers used only within a

particular network (as opposed to valid IP address numbers recognized by the

Internet, which must be assigned by InterNIC).

TCP/IP, UDP:

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and

Unreliable Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP/IP is the standard protocol for data

transmission over the Internet. Both TCP and UDP are transport layer protocol.

TCP performs proper error detection and error recovery, and thus is reliable.

UDP on the other hand is not reliable. They both run on top of the IP (Internet

Protocol), a network layer protocol.

WAN:

Wide Area Network. A network that connects computers located in

geographically separate areas (e.g. different buildings, cities, countries). The

Internet is a wide area network.

Source Wireless Network:

A wireless network that is used to connect to the

Internet.

This network can be from another connection with a wireless router

and a broadband modem.

The Smart Repeater uses the Source Wireless

Network to establish a connection to share the Internet connection locally.

The Source Wireless Network may be a local coffee shop Wi-Fi hot spot or

another home or office with a WLAN (with Internet access).

Web-based management Graphical User Interface (GUI):

Many devices

support a graphical user interface that is based on the web browser. This

means the user can use the familiar Netscape or Microsoft Internet Explorer to

Control/configure or monitor the device being managed.

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