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"Demilitarized Zone". A computer that logically sits in a "no-mans land" between the LAN and
the WAN. The DMZ computer trades some of the protection of the router's security
mechanisms for the convenience of being directly addressable from the Internet.
DNS
Domain Name System: Translates Domain Names to IP addresses
Domain name
A name that is associated with an IP address
Download
To send a request from one computer to another and have the file transmitted back to the
requesting computer
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line. High bandwidth Internet connection over telephone lines
Duplex
Sending and Receiving data transmissions at the sane time
Dynamic DNS service
Dynamic DNS is provided by companies to allow users with Dynamic IP addresses to obtain a
Domain Name that will always by linked to their changing IP address. The IP address is
updated by either client software running on a computer or by a router that supports Dynamic
DNS, whenever the IP address changes
Dynamic IP address
IP address that is assigned by a DHCP server and that may change. Cable Internet providers
usually use this method to assign IP addresses to their customers.
E
EAP
Extensible Authentication Protocol
Email
Electronic Mail is a computer-stored message that is transmitted over the Internet
Encryption
Converting data into cyphertext so that it cannot be easily read
Ethernet
The most widely used technology for Local Area Networks.
F
Fiber optic
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A way of sending data through light impulses over glass or plastic wire or fiber
File server
A computer on a network that stores data so that the other computers on the network can all
access it
File sharing
Allowing data from computers on a network to be accessed by other computers on the network
with different levels of access rights
Firewall
A device that protects resources of the Local Area Network from unauthorized users outside of
the local network
Firmware
Programming that is inserted into a hardware device that tells it how to function
Fragmentation
Breaking up data into smaller pieces to make it easier to store
FTP
File Transfer Protocol. Easiest way to transfer files between computers on the Internet
Full-duplex
Sending and Receiving data at the same time
G
Gain
The amount an amplifier boosts the wireless signal
Gateway
A device that connects your network to another, like the internet
Gbps
Gigabits per second
Gigabit Ethernet
Transmission technology that provides a data rate of 1 billion bits per second
GUI
Graphical user interface
H
H.323
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A standard that provides consistency of voice and video transmissions and compatibility for
videoconferencing devices
Half-duplex
Data cannot be transmitted and received at the same time
Hashing
Transforming a string of characters into a shorter string with a predefined length
Hexadecimal
Characters 0-9 and A-F
Hop
The action of data packets being transmitted from one router to another
Host
Computer on a network
HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used to transfer files from HTTP servers (web servers) to HTTP
clients (web browsers)
HTTPS
HTTP over SSL is used to encrypt and decrypt HTTP transmissions
Hub
A networking device that connects multiple devices together
I
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IGMP
Internet Group Management Protocol is used to make sure that computers can report their
multicast group membership to adjacent routers
IIS
Internet Information Server is a WEB server and FTP server provided by Microsoft
IKE
Internet Key Exchange is used to ensure security for VPN connections
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Infrastructure
In terms of a wireless network, this is when wireless clients use an Access Point to gain access
to the network
Internet
A system of worldwide networks which use TCP/IP to allow for resources to be accessed from
computers around the world
Internet Explorer
A World Wide Web browser created and provided by Microsoft
Internet Protocol
The method of transferring data from one computer to another on the Internet
Internet Protocol Security
IPsec provides security at the packet processing layer of network communication
Internet Service Provider
An ISP provides access to the Internet to individuals or companies
Intranet
A private network
Intrusion Detection
A type of security that scans a network to detect attacks coming from inside and outside of the
network
IP
Internet Protocol
IP address
A 32-bit number, when talking about Internet Protocol Version 4, that identifies each computer
that transmits data on the Internet or on an Intranet
IPsec
Internet Protocol Security
IPX
Internetwork Packet Exchange is a networking protocol developed by Novel to enable their
Netware clients and servers to communicate
ISP
Internet Service Provider
J
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Java
A programming language used to create programs and applets for web pages
K
Kbps
Kilobits per second
Kbyte
Kilobyte
L
LAN
Local Area Network
Latency
The amount of time that it takes a packet to get from the one point to another on a network.
Also referred to as delay
LED
Light Emitting Diode
Legacy
Older devices or technology
Local Area Network
A group of computers in a building that usually access files from a server
LPR/LPD
"Line Printer Requestor"/"Line Printer Daemon". A TCP/IP protocol for transmitting streams of
printer data.
L2TP
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
M
MAC address
A unique hardware ID assigned to every Ethernet adapter by the manufacturer.
Mbps
Megabits per second
MDI
Medium Dependent Interface is an Ethernet port for a connection to a straight-through cable
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