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Chapter 8.
Advanced Settings (Part 2)
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131
N300 Wireless Dual Band ADSL2+ Modem Router DGND3300v2 User Manual
802.11g). In addition, many older wireless products do not support the latest security
protocols, WPA and WPA2.
•
Powerline
. For connecting rooms or floors that are blocked by obstructions or are distant
vertically, consider networking over your building’s AC wiring. NETGEAR’s Powerline HD
family of products delivers up to 200 Mbps to any outlet, while the older-generation XE
family of products delivers 14 Mbps or 85 Mbps. Data transmissions are encrypted for
security, and you can configure an individual network password to prevent neighbors from
connecting.
•
The Powerline HD family of products can coexist on the same network with
older-generation XE family products or HomePlug 1.0 products, but they are not
interoperable with these older products.
•
Wired Ethernet
. As gigabit-speed Ethernet ports (10/100/1000 Mbps) become common
on newer computers, wired Ethernet remains a good choice for speed, economy, and
security. Gigabit Ethernet can extend up to 100 meters with twisted-pair wiring of CAT-5e
or better. A wired connection is not susceptible to interference, and eavesdropping would
require a physical connection to your network.
Note:
Actual data throughput will vary. Network conditions and
environmental factors, including volume of network traffic, building
materials and construction, and network overhead, can lower actual
data throughput rate.
Assessing Your Speed Requirements
Because your Internet connection is likely to operate at a much lower speed than your local
network, faster local networking technologies might not improve your Internet experience.
However, many emerging home applications require high data rates. For example:
•
Streaming HD video requires 10 to 30 Mbps per stream. Because latency and packet loss
can disrupt your video, plan to provide at least twice the capacity you need.
•
Streaming MP3 audio requires less than 1 Mbps per stream and does not strain most
modern networks. Like video, however, streaming audio is also sensitive to latency and
packet loss, so a congested network or a noisy link can cause problems.
•
Backing up computers over the network has become popular due to the availability of
inexpensive mass storage. The following table shows the time to transfer 1 gigabyte (GB)
of data using various networking technologies.
Network Connection
Theoretical Raw Transfer Time
Gigabit wired Ethernet
8 seconds
RangeMax NEXT Wireless-N
26 seconds
Powerline HD
40 seconds
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Chapter 8.
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N300 Wireless Dual Band ADSL2+ Modem Router DGND3300v2 User Manual
Optimizing Your Network Bandwidth
As your network grows, it might consist of several segments of different networking
technologies, each providing different throughput. In planning your network, you should first
consider which devices will have the heaviest traffic flow between them. Examples are:
•
A media center in one room streaming high-definition video from a server in another room
•
A storage device that is used for backing up your computers
Next, consider the throughput of your network devices. Where possible, make the
heaviest-traffic connections using higher-speed technologies, with no lower-speed
bottlenecks in the path.
Figure 69.
100 Mbps wired Ethernet
80 seconds
802.11n wireless
45 seconds
802.11g wireless
150 seconds
802.11b wireless
700 seconds
10 Mbps wired Ethernet
800 seconds
Cable modem (3 Mbps)
2700 seconds
Analog modem (56 kbps)
144,000 seconds (40 hours)
Network Connection
Theoretical Raw Transfer Time
N300 Wireless Dual Band
ADSL2+ Modem Router
DGND3300v2
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Chapter 8.
Advanced Settings (Part 2)
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133
N300 Wireless Dual Band ADSL2+ Modem Router DGND3300v2 User Manual
The previous figure shows a sample network using multiple networking technologies. In this
network, the two PCs with Gigabit (1000 Mbps) Ethernet adapters have a gigabit connection
through the GS605 switch to the storage server. This connection should allow for extremely
fast backups or quick access to large files on the server. The PC connected through a pair of
Powerline HD adapters is limited to the 200 Mbps speed of the Powerline HD connection.
Although any of the links in this example would be sufficient for high-traffic applications such
as streaming HD video, the use of older devices such as 10 Mbps Ethernet or 802.11b
wireless would create a significant bottleneck.
Optimizing Wireless Performance
The speed and operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly
based on the physical placement of the wireless router. You should choose a location for your
router that will maximize the network speed.
Note:
Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant
performance degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the
router. For complete range and performance specifications, click the
link to the online document
Wireless Networking Basics
in
Appendix
E.
The following list describes how to optimize wireless router performance.
•
Identify critical wireless links.
If your network has several wireless devices, decide which wireless devices need the
highest data rate, and locate the router near them. Many wireless products have
automatic data-rate fallback, which allows increased distances without loss of
connectivity. This also means that devices that are farther away might be slower.
Therefore, the most critical links in your network are those where the traffic is high and
the distances are great. Optimize those first.
•
Choose placement carefully.
For best results, place your router:
-
Near the center of the area in which your computers will operate.
-
In an elevated location such as a high shelf where the wirelessly connected
computers have line-of-sight access (even if through walls).
-
Avoid obstacles to wireless signals.
-
Keep wireless devices at least 2 feet from large metal fixtures such as file cabinets,
refrigerators, pipes, metal ceilings, reinforced concrete, and metal partitions.
-
Keep away from large amounts of water such as fish tanks and water coolers.
•
Reduce interference.
-
Avoid windows unless communicating between buildings.
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-
Place wireless devices away from various electromagnetic noise sources, especially
those in the 2400–2500 MHz frequency band. Common noise-creating sources are:
•
Computers and fax machines (no closer than 1 foot)
•
Copying machines, elevators, and cell phones (no closer than 6 feet)
•
Microwave ovens (no closer than 10 feet)
•
Choose your settings.
-
Use a scanning utility to determine what other wireless networks are operating
nearby, and choose an unused channel.
-
Turn off SSID broadcast, and change the default SSID. Other nearby devices might
automatically try to connect to your network several times a second, which can cause
significant performance reduction.
•
Use WMM
to improve the performance of voice and video traffic over the wireless link.
Changing the MTU Size
The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is the largest data packet a network device
transmits. When one network device communicates across the Internet with another, the data
packets travel through many devices along the way. If any device in the data path has a lower
MTU setting than the other devices, the data packets must be split or “fragmented” to
accommodate the one with the smallest MTU.
The best MTU setting for NETGEAR equipment is often just the default value, and changing
the value might fix one problem but cause another. Leave MTU unchanged unless one of
these situations occurs:
•
You have problems connecting to your ISP or other Internet service, and the technical
support of either the ISP or NETGEAR recommends changing the MTU setting. These
might require an MTU change:
-
A secure website that won’t open, or displays only part of a Web page
-
Yahoo e-mail
-
MSN
-
America Online’s DSL service
•
You use VPN and have severe performance problems.
•
You used a program to optimize MTU for performance reasons, and now you have
connectivity or performance problems.
Note:
An incorrect MTU setting can cause Internet communication
problems such as the inability to access certain Web sites, frames
within websites, secure login pages, or FTP or POP servers.
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Chapter 8.
Advanced Settings (Part 2)
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If you suspect an MTU problem, a common solution is to change the MTU to 1400. If you are
willing to experiment, you can gradually reduce the MTU from the maximum value of 1500
until the problem goes away. The following table describes common MTU sizes and
applications.
To change the MTU size:
1.
In the main menu, select
Advanced > WAN Setup
.
2.
In the MTU Size field, enter a new size between 64 and 1500.
3.
Click
Apply
to save the new configuration.
Universal Plug and Play
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) helps devices, such as Internet appliances and computers,
to access the network and connect to other devices as needed. UPnP devices can
automatically discover the services from other registered UPnP devices on the network.
Note:
If you use applications such as multiplayer gaming, peer-to-peer
connections, real-time communications such as instant messaging,
or remote assistance (a feature in Windows XP), you should enable
UPnP.
To turn on Universal Plug and Play:
1.
From the main menu, click
Advanced > UPnP
. The UPnP screen displays.
MTU
Application
1500
The largest Ethernet packet size and the default value. This is the typical setting for
non-PPPoE, non-VPN connections, and is the default value for NETGEAR routers,
adapters, and switches.
1492
Used in PPPoE environments.
1472
Maximum size to use for pinging. (Larger packets are fragmented.)
1468
Used in some DHCP environments.
1460
Usable by AOL if you do not have large e-mail attachments, for example.
1436
Used in PPTP environments or with VPN.
1400
Maximum size for AOL DSL.
576
Typical value to connect to dial-up ISPs.
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