Overview

Installation

Troubleshooting

Contact

FAQ

Glossary

License

Configuration:

Basic

Advanced

TCP/IP

Wireless

VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide

68

Glossary

This glossary defines terms and abbreviations used in this manual.

10/100Base-T

See

Ethernet

.

adapter

A device or card that connects a computer, printer, or other peripheral device to the network or to

some other device. An Ethernet adapter connects a computer to the LAN.

broadband

High-speed telecommunication over a wide range of frequencies, typically 256 Kbps or faster.

Broadband enables more information to be transmitted in less time. The most common broadband

service types available to homes and small-offices are cable modem and DSL. Both cable modem

and DSL are much faster than a traditional dial-up Internet connection.

broadband

provider

If you have a cable modem, the cable company from which you subscribe to high-speed data

service. If you have a DSL modem, the telephone company from which you subscribe to DSL

service.

cable modem

A device enabling a broadband connection to the Internet over cable television lines. It requires a

subscription for high-speed data service from your local cable provider.

coaxial cable

(coax)

A type of wire consisting of a center wire surrounded by insulation and a grounded shield of braided

wire traditionally used mainly to carry cable television signals. The shield minimizes electrical and

radio frequency interference.

default gateway

A designated router that forwards all traffic not addressed to a host on the local subnet.

DHCP

A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server dynamically assigns IP addresses to client hosts on

an IP network. DHCP eliminates the need to manually assign static IP addresses by “leasing” an

IP address and subnet mask to each client. It enables the automatic reuse of unused IP addresses.

The VT2542 can simultaneously be a DHCP client and a DHCP server:

•

A DHCP server at Vonage headend assigns a WAN IP address to your VT2542.

•

The VT2542 contains a built-in DHCP server that assigns private IP addresses to each computer

on its LAN.

DMZ

A “de-militarized zone” is one or more

hosts

logically located between a private LAN and the

Internet. A DMZ prevents direct access by outside users to private data. (The term comes from the

geographic buffers located between some conflicting countries such as North and South Korea.) In a

typical small DMZ configuration, the DMZ host receives requests from private LAN users to access

external web sites and initiates sessions for these requests. The DMZ host cannot initiate a session

back to the private LAN. Internet users outside the private LAN can access only the DMZ host. You

can use a DMZ to set up a web server or for gaming without exposing confidential data.

DOCSIS

The Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification define a standard interface for cable modems

to deliver data between a cable network and computer systems. Euro-DOCSIS is DOCSIS adapted

for use in Europe.

DNS

The Domain Name System is the Internet system for converting domain names to IP addresses. A

DNS server contains a table matching domain names such as Internetname.com to IP addresses

such as 192.169.9.1. When you access the Web, a DNS server translates the URL displayed on the

browser to the destination website IP address. The DNS lookup table is a distributed Internet

database; no one DNS server lists all domain-to-IP address matches.

domain name

A unique name, such as motorola.com, that maps to an IP address. Domain names are typically

much easier to remember than IP addresses.

dotted-decimal

format

Method of representing an IP address or subnet mask using four decimal numbers called octets.

Each octet represents eight bits.

In a class C IP address, the octets are “network.network.network.host.” The first three octets

together represent the network address and the final octet is the host address. In the VT2542 LAN

default configuration, 192.168.15 represents the network address. In the final octet, the host address

can be from 2 to 254.

download

To copy a file from one computer or other network device to another. You can use the Internet to

download files from a server to your home computer. Your voice gateway downloads its

configuration file and firmware from Vonage.

VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide

69

Overview

Installation

Troubleshooting

Contact

FAQ

Glossary

License

Configuration:

Basic

Advanced

TCP/IP

Wireless

downstream

In a cable data or DSL network, the direction of data received by your computer from the Internet.

driver

Software that enables a computer to interact with a network or other device. For example, there are

drivers for printers, monitors, graphics adapters, modems, Ethernet, USB, and many others.

DSL

A digital subscriber line enables a broadband connection to the Internet over traditional telephone

lines that support DSL. You need a subscription for DSL service from your local telephone company.

dynamic IP

address

An IP address that is temporarily leased to a host by a DHCP server. The opposite of

static IP

address

.

Ethernet

The most widely used type of local area network (LAN). The most commonly installed Ethernet

networks are called 10Base-T. 10Base-T provides transmission speeds up to 10 megabits per

second (Mbps), usually over twisted-pair wire. Fast Ethernet (100Base-T) provides transmission

speeds up to 100 Mbps.

F-type connector

A type of connector used to connect coaxial cable to equipment such as the VT2542.

firewall

A security software system on the VT2542 that enforces an access control policy between the

Internet and the VT2542 LAN.

flow

A data path moving in one direction.

GUI

graphical user interface

HFC

A hybrid fiber/coaxial cable network uses fiber-optic cable as the trunk and coaxial cable to the

subscriber premises.

host

Any computer or similar device supporting end-user applications or services with full two-way

network access. Each host has a unique host number that combined with the network number forms

its IP address.

hub

On a LAN, a device that connects multiple hosts to the LAN. A hub performs no data filtering. See

also

router

.

IGMP

Internet Group Management Protocol

Internet

A worldwide collection of interconnected networks, all using TCP/IP.

IP

Internet Protocol is a set of standards that enable different types of computers to communicate with

one another and exchange data through the Internet. IP provides the appearance of a single,

seamless communication system and makes the Internet a virtual network.

IP address

An Internet Protocol address identifies a computer or other device on a TCP/IP network. Networks

using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the destination IP address.

IPSec

The Internet Protocol Security protocols are authentication and encryption standards for secure data

exchange over the Internet.

ISP

Internet service provider

LAN

A local area network provides a full-time, high-bandwidth connection over a limited area, such as a

building, campus, office, or home. The computers and other devices you connect to your voice

gateway, except for the telephones, form a LAN. Ethernet is the most widely used LAN standard.

MAC address

The Media Access Control address uniquely identifies each device that can be connected to an

Ethernet network. It is permanently written to read-only memory (ROM) at the factory and printed on

your VT2542.

MHz

Mega hertz. A measure of frequency; one MHz means one million cycles per second.

MPPC

Microsoft Point-To-Point Compression protocol is a method for compressing PPP packets to

optimize processor and bandwidth usage for many simultaneous connections. MPPC is patented in

the United States by Hifn Inc.

MPPE

Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption is a protocol for encrypting data across PPP and VPNs. It is

frequently used in conjunction with MPPC.

NAT

Network Address Translation is a standard for a LAN to use one set of IP addresses for internal

traffic and a second set of IP addresses for external traffic.

NAPT

Network Address Port Translation is the most common form of translation between public and

private IP addresses.

network

Two or more computers connected to communicate with each other. Networks have traditionally

been connected using some kind of wiring.

VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide

70

Overview

Installation

Troubleshooting

Contact

FAQ

Glossary

License

Configuration:

Basic

Advanced

TCP/IP

Wireless

NIC

Network interface card is another name for network adapter. A NIC is installed in an expansion slot

or can be built-in. Every Ethernet NIC has a MAC address permanently saved in its ROM.

OOB DTMF

Out-of-Band Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency protocol for voice traffic.

PING

A network utility that tests host reachability by sending a small packet to the host and waiting for a

reply. If you PING a computer IP address and receive a reply, you know the computer is reachable

over the network. It also stands for “Packet InterNet Groper.”

port

On a computer or other electronic device, a port is a socket or plug used to physically connect it to

the network or to other devices.

I

port triggering

A mechanism that enables incoming communication with specified applications. Primarily used for

gaming applications.

POTS

“Plain old telephone service;” basic analog telephone service. POTS uses the lowest 4 kHz of

bandwidth on twisted pair wiring.

PPP

Point-to-Point Protocol is a method to establish a network connection or session between hosts.

PPPoE

Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet is a specification for connecting to the Internet used with DSL

modems.

PPTP

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol encapsulates other protocols to create VPNs. It is developed

jointly by several vendors.

private IP

address

An IP address assigned to a computer on the VT2542 LAN by the DHCP server on the VT2542 for a

specified lease time. Private IP addresses are used by the VT2542 LAN only; they are invisible to

devices on the Internet. See also

public IP address

.

PSTN

The public switched telephone network is the traditional circuit-switched, voice-oriented telephone

network. See also

POTS

.

public IP

address

A public IP address is visible to devices on the Internet. See also

private IP address

.

QoS

quality of service

RIP

Routing Information Protocol enables routers to exchange routing information with other network

routers. Any RIP-enabled router:

•

Sends automatic update packets containing its routing table periodically (every 30 seconds)

•

Accepts periodic updates from other routers and adds, deletes, or modifies routes in its routing

table accordingly

•

Responds to requests for its routing table

RTP

Real Time Protocol for voice traffic.

RJ-11

The most common type of connector for household or office phones.

RJ-45

The most common type of port for Ethernet networks.

router

On IP networks, a device connecting at least two networks, which may or may not be similar. A

router filters data based on the IP address, examining the source and destination IP addresses to

determine the best route on which to forward it.

server

A dedicated computer that supplies files, data, or services to other “client” computers or devices.

SIP

Session Initiation Protocol for voice traffic.

S-MTA

A standalone media terminal adapter converts analog voice signals to and from a standard

telephone to digital data that can be transmitted through a broadband connection over the Internet.

SSH

secure shell

VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide

71

Overview

Installation

Troubleshooting

Contact

FAQ

Glossary

License

Configuration:

Basic

Advanced

TCP/IP

Wireless

stateful

inspection

A type of firewall that tracks each connection traversing all firewall interfaces to ensure validity. In

addition to examining the source and destination in the packet header based on static rules, a

stateful inspection firewall:

•

Examines packet headers on context established by previous packets that traversed the firewall

•

Monitors the connection state and saves it in a table

•

Closes ports until a connection to a specific port is requested

•

May examine the packet contents up through the application layer to determine more than just the

source and destination

A stateful-inspection firewall is more advanced than a static filter firewall.

static filter

A type of firewall that examines the source and destination in the packet header based on

administrator-defined rules

only

.

static IP address

An IP address that is permanently assigned to a host. Normally, a static IP address must be

assigned manually. The opposite of dynamic IP address.

subnet mask

A bit mask that is logically ANDed with the destination IP address of a packet to determine the

network address. A router routes packets using the network address.

subnetwork

A part of a network; commonly abbreviated “subnet.” When subnetting is used, the host portion of

the IP address is divided into a subnet and host number. Hosts and routers use the subnet mask to

identify the bits used for the network and subnet number.

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol provides reliable transport over the network for data transmitted using

IP. It defines rules and procedures for data exchange.

TCP/IP

The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is a set of protocols that provides rules for

communication between networks. It is the worldwide internetworking standard and the basic

communications protocol of the Internet.

TFTP

Trivial File Transfer Protocol is a very simple protocol used to transfer files.

UPnP

Universal Plug and Play protocol.

UPS

A uninterruptible power supply provides battery back-up for a specified time during a power outage.

upstream

In a cable data or DSL network, the direction of data sent from your computer to the Internet.

USB

Universal Serial Bus

wireless access

point (WAP)

A device that provides network connectivity to one or more client computers using radio signals over

a wireless connection. One example you could use with your voice gateway is the

Motorola Wireless

Access Point WA840G

.

VoIP

Voice over Internet Protocol is a method to exchange voice, fax, and other information over the

Internet. Voice and fax have traditionally been carried over telephone lines using a dedicated circuit

for each line. VoIP enables calls to travel as discrete data on shared lines.

VoIP provider

The company from which you purchase VoIP telephone service.

VPN

A virtual private network is a private network that uses “virtual” connections (tunnels) routed over a

public network (usually the Internet) to provide a secure and fast connection, usually to users

working remotely at home or in small branch offices. A VPN connection provides security and

performance similar to a dedicated link (for example, a leased line),

but at much lower cost.

WAN

A wide-area network provides a connection over a large geographic area, such as a country or the

whole world. The bandwidth depends on need and cost, but is usually much lower than for a LAN.

For the voice gateway, “WAN” refers to the VoIP and broadband provider networks.

World Wide Web

An interface to the Internet that you use to navigate and hyperlink to information.

Overview

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FAQ

Glossary

License

Configuration:

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TCP/IP

VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide

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Software License

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