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TCP/IP
Wireless
VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide
68
Glossary
This glossary defines terms and abbreviations used in this manual.
10/100Base-T
See
Ethernet
.
adapter
A device or card that connects a computer, printer, or other peripheral device to the network or to
some other device. An Ethernet adapter connects a computer to the LAN.
broadband
High-speed telecommunication over a wide range of frequencies, typically 256 Kbps or faster.
Broadband enables more information to be transmitted in less time. The most common broadband
service types available to homes and small-offices are cable modem and DSL. Both cable modem
and DSL are much faster than a traditional dial-up Internet connection.
broadband
provider
If you have a cable modem, the cable company from which you subscribe to high-speed data
service. If you have a DSL modem, the telephone company from which you subscribe to DSL
service.
cable modem
A device enabling a broadband connection to the Internet over cable television lines. It requires a
subscription for high-speed data service from your local cable provider.
coaxial cable
(coax)
A type of wire consisting of a center wire surrounded by insulation and a grounded shield of braided
wire traditionally used mainly to carry cable television signals. The shield minimizes electrical and
radio frequency interference.
default gateway
A designated router that forwards all traffic not addressed to a host on the local subnet.
DHCP
A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server dynamically assigns IP addresses to client hosts on
an IP network. DHCP eliminates the need to manually assign static IP addresses by “leasing” an
IP address and subnet mask to each client. It enables the automatic reuse of unused IP addresses.
The VT2542 can simultaneously be a DHCP client and a DHCP server:
•
A DHCP server at Vonage headend assigns a WAN IP address to your VT2542.
•
The VT2542 contains a built-in DHCP server that assigns private IP addresses to each computer
on its LAN.
DMZ
A “de-militarized zone” is one or more
hosts
logically located between a private LAN and the
Internet. A DMZ prevents direct access by outside users to private data. (The term comes from the
geographic buffers located between some conflicting countries such as North and South Korea.) In a
typical small DMZ configuration, the DMZ host receives requests from private LAN users to access
external web sites and initiates sessions for these requests. The DMZ host cannot initiate a session
back to the private LAN. Internet users outside the private LAN can access only the DMZ host. You
can use a DMZ to set up a web server or for gaming without exposing confidential data.
DOCSIS
The Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification define a standard interface for cable modems
to deliver data between a cable network and computer systems. Euro-DOCSIS is DOCSIS adapted
for use in Europe.
DNS
The Domain Name System is the Internet system for converting domain names to IP addresses. A
DNS server contains a table matching domain names such as Internetname.com to IP addresses
such as 192.169.9.1. When you access the Web, a DNS server translates the URL displayed on the
browser to the destination website IP address. The DNS lookup table is a distributed Internet
database; no one DNS server lists all domain-to-IP address matches.
domain name
A unique name, such as motorola.com, that maps to an IP address. Domain names are typically
much easier to remember than IP addresses.
dotted-decimal
format
Method of representing an IP address or subnet mask using four decimal numbers called octets.
Each octet represents eight bits.
In a class C IP address, the octets are “network.network.network.host.” The first three octets
together represent the network address and the final octet is the host address. In the VT2542 LAN
default configuration, 192.168.15 represents the network address. In the final octet, the host address
can be from 2 to 254.
download
To copy a file from one computer or other network device to another. You can use the Internet to
download files from a server to your home computer. Your voice gateway downloads its
configuration file and firmware from Vonage.
Page 82 / 87
VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide
69
Overview
Installation
Troubleshooting
Contact
FAQ
Glossary
License
Configuration:
Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
downstream
In a cable data or DSL network, the direction of data received by your computer from the Internet.
driver
Software that enables a computer to interact with a network or other device. For example, there are
drivers for printers, monitors, graphics adapters, modems, Ethernet, USB, and many others.
DSL
A digital subscriber line enables a broadband connection to the Internet over traditional telephone
lines that support DSL. You need a subscription for DSL service from your local telephone company.
dynamic IP
address
An IP address that is temporarily leased to a host by a DHCP server. The opposite of
static IP
address
.
Ethernet
The most widely used type of local area network (LAN). The most commonly installed Ethernet
networks are called 10Base-T. 10Base-T provides transmission speeds up to 10 megabits per
second (Mbps), usually over twisted-pair wire. Fast Ethernet (100Base-T) provides transmission
speeds up to 100 Mbps.
F-type connector
A type of connector used to connect coaxial cable to equipment such as the VT2542.
firewall
A security software system on the VT2542 that enforces an access control policy between the
Internet and the VT2542 LAN.
flow
A data path moving in one direction.
GUI
graphical user interface
HFC
A hybrid fiber/coaxial cable network uses fiber-optic cable as the trunk and coaxial cable to the
subscriber premises.
host
Any computer or similar device supporting end-user applications or services with full two-way
network access. Each host has a unique host number that combined with the network number forms
its IP address.
hub
On a LAN, a device that connects multiple hosts to the LAN. A hub performs no data filtering. See
also
router
.
IGMP
Internet Group Management Protocol
Internet
A worldwide collection of interconnected networks, all using TCP/IP.
IP
Internet Protocol is a set of standards that enable different types of computers to communicate with
one another and exchange data through the Internet. IP provides the appearance of a single,
seamless communication system and makes the Internet a virtual network.
IP address
An Internet Protocol address identifies a computer or other device on a TCP/IP network. Networks
using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the destination IP address.
IPSec
The Internet Protocol Security protocols are authentication and encryption standards for secure data
exchange over the Internet.
ISP
Internet service provider
LAN
A local area network provides a full-time, high-bandwidth connection over a limited area, such as a
building, campus, office, or home. The computers and other devices you connect to your voice
gateway, except for the telephones, form a LAN. Ethernet is the most widely used LAN standard.
MAC address
The Media Access Control address uniquely identifies each device that can be connected to an
Ethernet network. It is permanently written to read-only memory (ROM) at the factory and printed on
your VT2542.
MHz
Mega hertz. A measure of frequency; one MHz means one million cycles per second.
MPPC
Microsoft Point-To-Point Compression protocol is a method for compressing PPP packets to
optimize processor and bandwidth usage for many simultaneous connections. MPPC is patented in
the United States by Hifn Inc.
MPPE
Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption is a protocol for encrypting data across PPP and VPNs. It is
frequently used in conjunction with MPPC.
NAT
Network Address Translation is a standard for a LAN to use one set of IP addresses for internal
traffic and a second set of IP addresses for external traffic.
NAPT
Network Address Port Translation is the most common form of translation between public and
private IP addresses.
network
Two or more computers connected to communicate with each other. Networks have traditionally
been connected using some kind of wiring.
Page 83 / 87
VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide
70
Overview
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Contact
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Glossary
License
Configuration:
Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
NIC
Network interface card is another name for network adapter. A NIC is installed in an expansion slot
or can be built-in. Every Ethernet NIC has a MAC address permanently saved in its ROM.
OOB DTMF
Out-of-Band Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency protocol for voice traffic.
PING
A network utility that tests host reachability by sending a small packet to the host and waiting for a
reply. If you PING a computer IP address and receive a reply, you know the computer is reachable
over the network. It also stands for “Packet InterNet Groper.”
port
On a computer or other electronic device, a port is a socket or plug used to physically connect it to
the network or to other devices.
I
n TCP/IP, a port is a number from 0 to 65536 used logically by a client program to specify a server
program. Ports 0 to 1024 are reserved.
port triggering
A mechanism that enables incoming communication with specified applications. Primarily used for
gaming applications.
POTS
“Plain old telephone service;” basic analog telephone service. POTS uses the lowest 4 kHz of
bandwidth on twisted pair wiring.
PPP
Point-to-Point Protocol is a method to establish a network connection or session between hosts.
PPPoE
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet is a specification for connecting to the Internet used with DSL
modems.
PPTP
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol encapsulates other protocols to create VPNs. It is developed
jointly by several vendors.
private IP
address
An IP address assigned to a computer on the VT2542 LAN by the DHCP server on the VT2542 for a
specified lease time. Private IP addresses are used by the VT2542 LAN only; they are invisible to
devices on the Internet. See also
public IP address
.
PSTN
The public switched telephone network is the traditional circuit-switched, voice-oriented telephone
network. See also
POTS
.
public IP
address
A public IP address is visible to devices on the Internet. See also
private IP address
.
QoS
quality of service
RIP
Routing Information Protocol enables routers to exchange routing information with other network
routers. Any RIP-enabled router:
•
Sends automatic update packets containing its routing table periodically (every 30 seconds)
•
Accepts periodic updates from other routers and adds, deletes, or modifies routes in its routing
table accordingly
•
Responds to requests for its routing table
RTP
Real Time Protocol for voice traffic.
RJ-11
The most common type of connector for household or office phones.
RJ-45
The most common type of port for Ethernet networks.
router
On IP networks, a device connecting at least two networks, which may or may not be similar. A
router filters data based on the IP address, examining the source and destination IP addresses to
determine the best route on which to forward it.
server
A dedicated computer that supplies files, data, or services to other “client” computers or devices.
SIP
Session Initiation Protocol for voice traffic.
S-MTA
A standalone media terminal adapter converts analog voice signals to and from a standard
telephone to digital data that can be transmitted through a broadband connection over the Internet.
SSH
secure shell
Page 84 / 87
VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide
71
Overview
Installation
Troubleshooting
Contact
FAQ
Glossary
License
Configuration:
Basic
Advanced
TCP/IP
Wireless
stateful
inspection
A type of firewall that tracks each connection traversing all firewall interfaces to ensure validity. In
addition to examining the source and destination in the packet header based on static rules, a
stateful inspection firewall:
•
Examines packet headers on context established by previous packets that traversed the firewall
•
Monitors the connection state and saves it in a table
•
Closes ports until a connection to a specific port is requested
•
May examine the packet contents up through the application layer to determine more than just the
source and destination
A stateful-inspection firewall is more advanced than a static filter firewall.
static filter
A type of firewall that examines the source and destination in the packet header based on
administrator-defined rules
only
.
static IP address
An IP address that is permanently assigned to a host. Normally, a static IP address must be
assigned manually. The opposite of dynamic IP address.
subnet mask
A bit mask that is logically ANDed with the destination IP address of a packet to determine the
network address. A router routes packets using the network address.
subnetwork
A part of a network; commonly abbreviated “subnet.” When subnetting is used, the host portion of
the IP address is divided into a subnet and host number. Hosts and routers use the subnet mask to
identify the bits used for the network and subnet number.
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol provides reliable transport over the network for data transmitted using
IP. It defines rules and procedures for data exchange.
TCP/IP
The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is a set of protocols that provides rules for
communication between networks. It is the worldwide internetworking standard and the basic
communications protocol of the Internet.
TFTP
Trivial File Transfer Protocol is a very simple protocol used to transfer files.
UPnP
Universal Plug and Play protocol.
UPS
A uninterruptible power supply provides battery back-up for a specified time during a power outage.
upstream
In a cable data or DSL network, the direction of data sent from your computer to the Internet.
USB
Universal Serial Bus
wireless access
point (WAP)
A device that provides network connectivity to one or more client computers using radio signals over
a wireless connection. One example you could use with your voice gateway is the
Motorola Wireless
Access Point WA840G
.
VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol is a method to exchange voice, fax, and other information over the
Internet. Voice and fax have traditionally been carried over telephone lines using a dedicated circuit
for each line. VoIP enables calls to travel as discrete data on shared lines.
VoIP provider
The company from which you purchase VoIP telephone service.
VPN
A virtual private network is a private network that uses “virtual” connections (tunnels) routed over a
public network (usually the Internet) to provide a secure and fast connection, usually to users
working remotely at home or in small branch offices. A VPN connection provides security and
performance similar to a dedicated link (for example, a leased line),
but at much lower cost.
WAN
A wide-area network provides a connection over a large geographic area, such as a country or the
whole world. The bandwidth depends on need and cost, but is usually much lower than for a LAN.
For the voice gateway, “WAN” refers to the VoIP and broadband provider networks.
World Wide Web
An interface to the Internet that you use to navigate and hyperlink to information.
Page 85 / 87
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Glossary
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Configuration:
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TCP/IP
VT2542 Voice Gateway User Guide
72
Software License
Motorola, Inc., Connected Home Solutions (“Motorola”) 101 Tournament Drive, Horsham, PA 19044
IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THIS SOFTWARE LICENSE ("LICENSE") CAREFULLY BEFORE YOU INSTALL,
DOWNLOAD, OR USE ANY APPLICATION SOFTWARE, USB DRIVER SOFTWARE, FIRMWARE AND RELATED
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PRODUCT"). BY USING THE CABLE DATA PRODUCT AND/OR INSTALLING, DOWNLOADING, OR USING ANY OF
THE SOFTWARE, YOU INDICATE YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF EACH OF THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE. UPON
ACCEPTANCE, THIS LICENSE WILL BE A LEGALLY BINDING AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU AND MOTOROLA.
THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE APPLY TO YOU AND TO ANY SUBSEQUENT USER OF THIS SOFTWARE.
IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE (I) DO NOT INSTALL OR USE THE SOFTWARE
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INSTALLING OR USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE PROVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
AGREEMENT.
The Software includes associated media, any printed materials, and any "on-line" or electronic documentation, as well as
any updates, revisions, bug fixes, or drivers obtained by you from Motorola or your service provider. Software provided
by 3rd parties may be subject to separate end-user license agreements from the manufacturers of such Software.
The Software is never sold. Motorola licenses the Software to the original customer and to any subsequent licensee for
personal use only on the terms of this License. Motorola and its 3rd party licensors retain the ownership of the Software.
You may:
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TRANSFER the Software (including all component parts and printed materials) permanently to another person, but only
if the person agrees to accept all of the terms of this License. If you transfer the Software, you must at the same time
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(1) Loan, distribute, rent, lease, give, sublicense, or otherwise transfer the Software, in whole or in part, to any other
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