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Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
Wireless-G Router for 3G/UMTS Broadband
newer firmware version, unless that version contains new features that you would like to use. Downloading a
more current version of Router firmware will not enhance the quality or speed of your Internet connection, and
may disrupt your current connection stability.
Will the Router function in a Macintosh environment?
Yes, but the Router’s setup pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer 4.0 or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or
higher for Macintosh.
I am not able to get the web configuration screen for the Router.
What can I do?
You may have to remove the proxy settings on your Internet browser, e.g., Netscape Navigator or Internet
Explorer.
Or remove the dial-up settings on your browser.
Check with your browser documentation, and make
sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. Make sure that your browser is
set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and
then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a connection. For Netscape
Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct
connection to the Internet.
What is DMZ Hosting?
Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (computer) to be exposed to the Internet. Some applications
require multiple TCP/IP ports to be open.
It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP if you
want to use DMZ Hosting. To get the LAN IP address, see “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address
for Your Ethernet Adapter.”
If DMZ Hosting is used, does the exposed user share the public IP with the Router?
No.
Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions?
The Router allows PPTP packets to pass through.
Is the Router cross-platform compatible?
Any platform that supports Ethernet and TCP/IP is compatible with the Router.
How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded?
Theoretically, the Router can establish 520 sessions at the same time, but you can only forward 10 ranges of
ports.
What are the advanced features of the Router?
The Router’s advanced features include advanced wireless settings, filters, access restriction policies, port
forwarding, advanced routing, and DDNS.
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Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
Wireless-G Router for 3G/UMTS Broadband
How do I get mIRC to work with the Router?
Under the Port Forwarding tab, set port forwarding to 113 for the PC on which you are using mIRC.
Can the Router act as my DHCP server?
Yes. The Router has DHCP server software built-in.
Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network?
This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult the
application’s documentation to determine if it supports operation over a network.
What is the IEEE 802.11g standard?
It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11g standard allows wireless networking hardware
from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11g standard.
The 802.11g standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
What is the IEEE 802.11b standard?
It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11b standard allows wireless networking hardware
from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11b standard.
The 802.11b standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
What IEEE 802.11g features are supported?
The product supports the following IEEE 802.11g functions:
CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
OFDM protocol
Multi-Channel Roaming
Automatic Rate Selection
RTS/CTS feature
Fragmentation
Power Management
What IEEE 802.11b features are supported?
The product supports the following IEEE 802.11b functions:
CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
Multi-Channel Roaming
Automatic Rate Selection
RTS/CTS feature
Fragmentation
Power Management
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Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
Wireless-G Router for 3G/UMTS Broadband
What is ad-hoc mode?
When a wireless network is set to ad-hoc mode, the wireless-equipped computers are configured to
communicate directly with each other. The ad-hoc wireless network will not communicate with any wired
network.
What is infrastructure mode?
When a wireless network is set to infrastructure mode, the wireless network is configured to communicate with
a wired network through a wireless access point.
What is roaming?
Roaming is the ability of a portable computer to communicate continuously while the user is moving freely
throughout an area greater than that covered by a single access point. Before using the roaming function, the
workstation must make sure that it is the same channel number with the access point of dedicated coverage
area.
To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate a number of different functions. Each
node and access point, for example, must always acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must
maintain contact with the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achieving these functions
simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technology that links access points and nodes. In such a
system, the user’s end node undertakes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates
such factors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currently being carried by each access
point and the distance of each access point to the wired backbone. Based on that information, the node next
selects the right access point and registers its address. Communications between end node and host computer
can then be transmitted up and down the backbone.
As the user moves on, the end node’s RF transmitter regularly checks the system to determine whether it is in
touch with the original access point or whether it should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives
acknowledgment from its original access point, it undertakes a new search. Upon finding a new access point, it
then re-registers, and the communication process continues.
What is ISM band?
The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM
(Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available
worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high-speed wireless capabilities in
the hands of users around the globe.
What is Spread Spectrum?
Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique developed by the military for use in
reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for
reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband
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Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
Wireless-G Router for 3G/UMTS Broadband
transmission, but the trade-off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that
the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to
the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main alternatives,
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).
What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences?
Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that
is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical
channel. To an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct-Sequence Spread-
Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip
(or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if
one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can
recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low
power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers.
What is WEP?
WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key algorithm, as
described in the IEEE 802.11 standard.
What is a MAC Address?
The Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet
networking device, such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level. For all
practical purposes, this number is usually permanent. Unlike IP addresses, which can change every time a
computer logs onto the network, the MAC address of a device stays the same, making it a valuable identifier for
the network.
How do I reset the Router?
Press the Reset button on the back panel for about five seconds. This will reset the Router to its default settings.
How do I resolve issues with signal loss?
There is no way to know the exact range of your wireless network without testing. Every obstacle placed between
the Router and a wireless PC will create signal loss.
Lead glass, metal, concrete floors, water and walls will
inhibit the signal and reduce range.
Start with the Router and your wireless PC in the same room and move it
away in small increments to determine the maximum range in your environment.
You may also try using different channels, as this may eliminate interference affecting only one channel.
I have excellent signal strength, but I cannot see my network.
Wireless security is probably enabled on the Router, but not on your wireless adapter (or vice versa).
Verify that
the same wireless security method and passphrase/keys are being used on all devices of your wireless network.
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Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
Wireless-G Router for 3G/UMTS Broadband
How many channels/frequencies are available with the Router?
There are eleven available channels, ranging from 1 to 11, in North America. There are thirteen available
channels, ranging from 1 to 13, in most of Europe. There may be additional channels available in other regions,
subject to the regulations of your region and/or country.
How do I connect to the mobile network?
There are three options available to connect to the mobile network.
The first option is to power on the Router with the Vodafone Mobile Connect Card inserted. Then press the
3G/UMTS Connect/Disconnect button on the front panel of the Router. The Router will connect to the mobile
network via the Vodafone Mobile Connect Card. If this is successful, the 3G/UMTS LED on the Router will light up.
The second option is to log onto the Router via the web-based utility. On the first screen you see, the
Basic Setup
screen, click the
Connect
button near the top of the screen. The Router will connect to the mobile network via the
Vodafone Mobile Connect Card. If this is successful, the Mobile Connection line will say, “Connected” instead of
“Disconnected.”
The third option is to enable the Router’s Auto Connect feature. This will enable the Router to automatically
connect to the mobile network whenever it is powered on. As with the second option, this can be done using the
web-based utility of the Router. On the first screen you see, the
Basic Setup
screen, click the
3G/UMTS Network
tab. On the
3G/UMTS Network
screen, there is an Auto Connect option at the top of the screen. Click the Enable
radio button, and then click the Save Settings button. After the webpage has refreshed, click the
Basic Setup
tab. On the
Basic Setup
screen, click the
Connect
button to connect to the mobile network. The next time the
Router is powered on, it will automatically connect to the mobile network.
What do the indicator LEDs signify on the Router and Vodafone Mobile Connect Card?
POWER
This green LED will be solidly lit when the Router is powered on.
ETHERNET
Each of these green LEDs will be solidly lit when there is an active connection to the
corresponding Ethernet port of the Router. Each LED flashes when there is network traffic
passing through the corresponding port.
WIRELESS
This green LED will be solidly lit when the Router is connected to the Wireless-G (802.11g)
and/or Wireless-B (802.11b) network. The LED flashes when there is network traffic passing
through the wireless connection.
DMZ
This green, De-Militarised Zone (DMZ) LED will be solidly lit when the Router’s DMZ function is
active. The DMZ function allows one local computer to be exposed to the Internet.
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