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B-1
Linksys ATA
Administrator Guide
Document Version 3.01
A P P E N D I X
B
Glossary
ACD (Automatic Call Distribution)—A switching system designed to allocate incoming calls to certain
positions or agents in the order received and to hold calls not ready to be handled (often with a recorded
announcement).
Area code—A 3-digit code used in North America to identify a specific geographic telephone location.
The first digit can be any number between 2 and 9. The second and third digits can be any number.
Auto-Configuration Server—A server used for automatic, remote provisioning of CPEs, as defined by
DSL Forum specifications TR-069, TR-098, and TR-104.
Billing increment—The division by which the call is rounded. In the field it is common to see
full-minute billing on the local invoice while 6-second rounding is the choice of most long-distance
providers that bill their customers directly.
Blocked calls—Caused by an insufficient network facility that does not have enough lines to allow calls
to reach a given destination. May also pertain to a call from an originating number that is blocked by the
receiving telephone number.
Bundled service—Offering various services as a complete package.
Call completion—The point at which a dialed number is answered.
Call termination—The point at which a call is disconnected.
CDR (Call Detail Records)—A software program attached to a VoIP/telephone system that records
information about the telephone number’s activity.
Carrier’s carrier—Companies that build fiber optic and microwave networks primarily selling to
resellers and carriers. Their main focus is on the wholesale and not the retail market.
Casual access—When customers choose not to use their primary carriers to process the long-distance
call being made. The customer dials the carrier’s 101XXXX number.
CO (Central Office)—Switching center for the local exchange carrier.
Centrex—This service is offered by the LEC to the end user. The feature-rich Centrex line offers the
same features and benefits as a PBX to a customer without the capital investment or maintenance
charges. The LEC charges a monthly fee to the customer, who must agree to sign a term agreement.
Circuits—The communication path(s) that carry calls between two points on a network.
Customer Premise Equipment—The only part of the telecommunications system that the customer
comes into direct contact with. Example of such pieces of equipment are telephones, key systems, PBXs,
voice-mail systems, and call accounting systems as well as wiring telephone jacks. The standard for this
equipment is set by the FCC, and the equipment is supplied by an interconnect company.
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Linksys ATA
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Document Version 3.01
Appendix B
Glossary
Dedicated access—Customers have direct access to the long-distance provider via a special circuit (T1
or private lines). The circuit is hardwired from the customer site to the POP and does not pass through
the LEC switch. The dial tone is provided from the long-distance carrier.
Dedicated Access Line (DAL)—Provided by the local exchange carrier. An access line from the
customer’s telephone equipment directly to the long-distance company’s switch or POP.
Demarcation point—This is where the LEC ownership and responsibility (wiring, equipment) ends and
the customer’s responsibilities begin.
Direct Inward Dialing (DID)—Allows an incoming call to bypass the attendant and ring directly to an
extension. Available on most PBX systems and a feature of Centrex service.
Dual Tone Multifrequency (DTMF)—Better known as the push button keypad. DTMF replaces dial
pulses with electronically produced tones for network signaling.
Enhanced service—Services that are provided in addition to basic long distance and accessed by way of
a touchtone phone through a series of menus.
Exchange code (NXX)—The first three digits of a phone number.
Flat-rate pricing—The customer is charged one rate (sometimes two rates, one for peak and one for
off-peak) rather than a mileage-sensitive program rate.
IXC (Interexchange Carrier)—A long-distance provider that maintains its own switching equipment.
IVR (Interactive Voice Response)—Provides a mechanism for information to be stored and retrieved
using voice and a touchtone telephone.
Local loop—The local telephone company provides the transmission facility from the customer to the
telephone company’s office, which is engineered to carry voice and/or data.
North American Numbering Plan (NANP)—How telephone numbers are identified in North America.
The telephone number can be identified based on their three separate components: (NPA), (NXX), and
(XXXX).
PIN (Personal Identification Code)—A customer calling/billing code for prepaid and pay-as-you-go
calling cards.
Private Branch Exchange—Advanced phone system commonly used by the medium to larger customer.
It allows the customer to perform a variety of in-house routing (inside calling). The dial tone that is heard
when the customer picks up the phone is an internal dial tone.
SS7 (Linksys ATA Signaling Number 7)—Technology used by large carriers to increase the reliability
and speed of transmission between switches.
Switch (switching)—Equipment that connects and routes calls and provides other interim functions such
as least cost routing, IVR, and voicemail. It performs the “traffic cop” function of telecommunications
via automated management decisions.
Touchtone (DTMF)—The tone recognized by a push button (touchtone) telephone.
Unified messaging— Platform that lets users send, receive, and manage all e-mail, voice, and fax
messages from any telephone, PC, or information device.
Voicemail—A system that allows storage and retrieval of voice messages through voice-mail boxes.
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Linksys ATA
Administrator Guide
Document Version 3.01
A P P E N D I X
C
User Guidelines
This appendix provides documentation for the use of the SPA products. It includes the following
sections:
•
Basic Services, page C-1
•
Enhanced Services, page C-2
The SPA can be configured to the custom requirements of the service provider, so that from the
subscriber point of view, the service behaves exactly as the service provider wishes, with varying
degrees of control left with the end user. This means that a service provider can leverage the
programmability of the SPA to offer sometimes subtle yet continually valuable and differentiated
services optimized for the network environment or target markets.
This chapter describes how some of the supported basic, enhanced, and supplementary services can be
implemented. The implementations described below are not the only way to achieve the desired service
behavior.
Basic Services
Originating a Phone Call
Service description
Placing telephone a call to another telephone or telephony system (IVR,
conference bridge, and so on). This is the most basic service.
User action required to
activate or use
When the user picks up the handset, the SPA provides dial tone and is ready
to collect dialing information via DTMF digits from the telephone touchtone
key pad.
Expected call and
network behavior
Although it is possible to support overlapped dialing within the context of
SIP, the SPA collects a complete phone number and sends the full number in
a SIP INVITE message to the proxy server for further call processing. To
minimize dialing delay, the SPA maintains a dial plan and matches it against
the cumulative number entered by the user. The SPA also detects invalid
phone numbers not compatible with the dial plan and alerts the user via a
configurable tone (Reorder) or announcement.
User action required to
deactivate or end
Hang up the telephone.
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Linksys ATA
Administrator Guide
Document Version 3.01
Appendix C
User Guidelines
Enhanced Services
Receiving a Phone Call
Enhanced Services
Caller ID
Calling Line Identification Presentation (CLIP)
Service description
The SPA can receive calls from the PSTN or other IP Telephony subscribers
User action required to
activate or use
When the telephone rings, pick up the handset and begin talking.
Expected call and
network behavior
Each subscriber is assigned an E.164 ID (phone number) so that they may
be reached from wired or wireless callers on the PSTN or IP network. The
SPA supplies ring voltage to the attached telephone set to alert the user of
incoming calls.
User action required to
deactivate or end
Hang up the telephone.
Service description
If available, the SPA supports the generation and pass through of Caller ID
information.
User action required to
activate or use
No user action required. The user telephone equipment must support Caller
ID to display the caller name and/or number.
Expected call and
network behavior
In between ringing bursts, the SPA can generate a Caller-ID signal to the
attached phone when the phone is on-hook.
As part of the INVITE message, the SPA sends the caller name and number
as it is configured in the profile.
User action required to
deactivate or end
No user action required. See CLIP and CLIR.
Service description
Some users choose to block their Caller ID information for all outgoing
calls. However, there may be circumstances where sending Caller ID
information for a call is desired; that is, trying to reach a party that does not
accept Caller ID blocked calls.
User action required to
activate or use
1.
Lift the receiver
2.
Listen for dial tone
3.
Press *82
4.
Listen for dial tone
5.
Dial the telephone number you are calling
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Administrator Guide
Document Version 3.01
Appendix C
User Guidelines
Enhanced Services
Calling Line Identification Restriction (CLIR)—Caller ID Blocking
Call Waiting
Expected call and
network behavior
Caller ID is sent to the distant party for this call only. Users must repeat this
process at the start of each call.
User action required to
deactivate or end
No action required. This service is only in effect for the duration of the
current call.
Service description
This feature allows the user to block the delivery of their Caller ID to the
number they are calling. This feature must be activated before dialing each
call and is only in effect for the duration of each call.
User action required to
activate or use
1.
Lift the receiver
2.
Listen for dial tone
3.
Press *81
4.
Listen for dial tone
5.
Dial the telephone number you are calling
You must repeat this process at the start of each call.
Expected call and
network behavior
The user activates this service to hide their Caller ID when making an
outgoing call.
User action required to
deactivate or end
No action required. This service is only in effect for the duration of the
current call.
Service description
The user can accept a call from a third party while engaging in an active call.
The SPA alerts the subscriber of the second incoming call by playing a call
waiting tone.
User action required to
activate or use
If you choose to answer the second call, do one of the following:
•
Press and release your phone switch hook (the button you release when
you take your phone off the hook)
•
Press the flash button (if your phone has one)
This puts your first call on hold and automatically connects you to your
second call.
To put your second caller back on hold and return to your first caller, press
the switch hook or flash button again. (You can alternate between calls as
often as you like.)
Expected call and
network behavior
If the user is on a call when another call comes in, they hear a series of
beeps/tones alerting them to the second call. The person calling hears
normal ringing.
User action required to
deactivate or end
See Cancel Call Waiting.

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