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Appendix F: Windows Help
10/100 16-Port VPN Router
Appendix F: Windows Help
Almost all Linksys networking products require Microsoft Windows. Windows is the most used operating system
in the world and comes with many features that help make networking easier. These features can be accessed
through Windows Help and are described in this appendix.
TCP/IP
Before a computer can communicate with the Router, TCP/IP must be enabled. TCP/IP is a set of instructions, or
protocol, all PCs follow to communicate over a wired or wireless network. Your PCs will not be able to utilize
networking without having TCP/IP enabled. Windows Help provides complete instructions on enabling TCP/IP.
Shared Resources
If you wish to share printers, folders, or files over your network, Windows Help provides complete instructions on
utilizing shared resources.
Network Neighborhood/My Network Places
Other PCs on your network will appear under Network Neighborhood or My Network Places (depending upon the
version of Windows you're running). Windows Help provides complete instructions on adding PCs to your
network.
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Appendix G: Glossary
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Appendix G: Glossary
802.11a
- An IEEE wireless networking standard that specifies a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps and an
operating frequency of 5GHz.
802.11b
- An IEEE wireless networking standard that specifies a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps and an
operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
802.11g
- An IEEE wireless networking standard that specifies a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps, an
operating frequency of 2.4GHz, and backward compatibility with 802.11b devices.
Access Point
- Device that allows wireless-equipped computers and other devices to communicate with a wired
network. Also used to expand the range of a wireless network.
Adapter
- This is a device that adds network functionality to your PC.
Ad-hoc
- A group of wireless devices communicating directly with each other (peer-to-peer) without the use of
an access point.
AES
(Advanced Encryption Standard) - A method that uses up to 256-bit key encryption to secure data.
Backbone
- The part of a network that connects most of the systems and networks together, and handles the
most data.
Bandwidth
- The transmission capacity of a given device or network.
Beacon Interval
- The frequency interval of the beacon, which is a packet broadcast by a router to synchronize a
wireless network.
Bit
- A binary digit.
Boot
- To start a device and cause it to start executing instructions.
Bridge
- A device that connects two different kinds of local networks, such as a wireless network to a wired
Ethernet network.
Broadband
- An always-on, fast Internet connection.
Browser
- A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the
information on the World Wide Web.
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Appendix G: Glossary
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Buffer
- A block of memory that temporarily holds data to be worked on later when a device is currently too busy
to accept the data.
Cable Modem
- A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the
Internet.
CSMA/CA
(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) - A method of data transfer that is used to prevent
data loss in a network.
CTS
(Clear To Send) - A signal sent by a device to indicate that it is ready to receive data.
Daisy Chain
- A method used to connect devices in a series, one after the other.
Database
- A collection of data that is organized so that its contents can easily be accessed, managed, and
updated.
DDNS
(Dynamic Domain Name System) - The capability of having a website, FTP, or e-mail server-with a
dynamic IP address-use a fixed domain name.
Default Gateway
- A device that forwards Internet traffic from your local area network.
DHCP
(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets one device on a local network, known as a
DHCP server, assign temporary IP addresses to the other network devices, typically computers.
DMZ
(Demilitarized Zone) - Removes the Router's firewall protection from one PC, allowing it to be “seen” from
the Internet.
DNS
(Domain Name Server) - The IP address of your ISP's server, which translates the names of websites into IP
addresses.
Domain
- A specific name for a network of computers.
Download
- To receive a file transmitted over a network.
DSL
(Digital Subscriber Line) - An always-on broadband connection over traditional phone lines.
DSSS
(Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum) - A type of radio transmission technology that includes a redundant
bit pattern to lessen the probability of data lost during transmission. Used in 802.11b networking.
DTIM
(Delivery Traffic Indication Message) - A message included in data packets that can increase wireless
efficiency.
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Appendix G: Glossary
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Dynamic IP Address
- A temporary IP address assigned by a DHCP server.
EAP
(Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A general authentication protocol used to control network access.
Many specific authentication methods work within this framework.
EAP-PEAP
(Extensible Authentication Protocol-Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A mutual
authentication method that uses a combination of digital certificates and another system, such as passwords.
EAP-TLS
(Extensible Authentication Protocol-Transport Layer Security) - A mutual authentication method that
uses digital certificates.
Encryption
- Encoding data to prevent it from being read by unauthorized people.
Ethernet
- An IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common
transmission medium.
Finger
- A program that tells you the name associated with an e-mail address.
Firewall
- Security measures that protect the resources of a local network from intruders.
Firmware
- 1. In network devices, the programming that runs the device. 2. Programming loaded into read-only
memory (ROM) or programmable read-only memory (PROM) that cannot be altered by end-users.
Fragmentation
- Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over a network medium that cannot
support the original size of the packet.
FTP
(File Transfer Protocol) - A standard protocol for sending files between computers over a TCP/IP network and
the Internet.
Full Duplex
- The ability of a networking device to receive and transmit data simultaneously.
Gateway
- A system that interconnects networks.
Half Duplex
- Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a
time.
Hardware
- The physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other information technology devices.
HTTP
(HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World
Wide Web.
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Appendix G: Glossary
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IEEE
(The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) - An independent institute that develops networking
standards.
Infrastructure
- Currently installed computing and networking equipment.
Infrastructure Mode
- Configuration in which a wireless network is bridged to a wired network via an access
point.
IP
(Internet Protocol) - A protocol used to send data over a network.
IP Address
- The address used to identify a computer or device on a network.
IPCONFIG
- A Windows 2000 and XP utility that displays the IP address for a particular networking device.
IPSec
(Internet Protocol Security) - A VPN protocol used to implement secure exchange of packets at the IP layer.
ISM band
- Radio band used in wireless networking transmissions.
ISP
(Internet Service Provider) - A company that provides access to the Internet.
LAN
(Local Area Network) - The computers and networking products that make up the network in your home or
office.
LEAP
(Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) -
A mutual authentication method that uses a username
and password system.
MAC
(Media Access Control) Address - The unique address that a manufacturer assigns to each networking
device.
Mbps
(Megabits Per Second) - One million bits per second; a unit of measurement for data transmission.
Multicasting
- Sending data to a group of destinations at once.
NAT
(Network Address Translation) - NAT technology translates IP addresses of a local area network to a
different IP address for the Internet.
Network
- A series of computers or devices connected for the purpose of data sharing, storage, and/or
transmission between users.
NNTP
(Network News Transfer Protocol) - The protocol used to connect to Usenet groups on the Internet.
Node
- A network junction or connection point, typically a computer or work station.
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