Linksys BEFSR81v2 Router Manual PDF (Setup & Configuration Guide)

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EtherFast

Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch

Instant Broadband

Series

SMTP

(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

The standard e-mail protocol on the

Internet. It is a TCP/IP protocol that defines the message format and the mes-

sage transfer agent (MTA), which stores and forwards the mail.

DNS

(Domain Name System)

The way that Internet domain names are locat-

ed and translated into IP addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and easy-

to-remember “handle” for an Internet address.

TFTP

(Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol

that has no directory or password capability.

finger

A UNIX command widely used on the Internet to find out information

about a particular user, such as his or her telephone number, whether the user

is currently logged on, and the last time the user was logged on. The person

being “fingered” must have placed his or her profile on the system in order for

the information to be available. Fingering requires entering the full

user@domain address, for example, [email protected].

Figure 6-21

Next to the name of the application, enter the

number

range

of the exter-

nal port(s) used by the server or Internet application in the Ext. Port col-

umn. Check with the Internet application software documentation for more

information.

3. On the same line, select

UDP

TCP

, or select both protocols.

4. Enter the

IP address

of the server that you want the Internet users to be able

to access. For information about finding the IP address, go to “Appendix F:

Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

5. Check the

Enable

box to enable the services you have defined. Port Range

Forwarding will not function if the

Enable

button is left unchecked. This is

disabled (unchecked) by default.

Configure as many entries as needed—the Router supports up to 10 ranges

of ports. Click the

Apply

button when you are done.

UPnP Forwarding

The UPnP Forwarding screen, shown in Figure 6-21, displays preset applica-

tion settings as well as options for customization of port services for other

applications. This screen can be accessed by clicking the

UPnP Forwarding

button on the Port Range Forwarding Tab.

The Preset Applications at the top of the list are among the most widely used

Internet applications. They include the following:

FTP

(File Transfer Protocol)

A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP

network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). For example, after developing the HTML pages

for a website on a local machine, web developers typically upload the files to

the web server using FTP. FTP includes functions to log onto the network, list

directories, and copy files. FTP operations can be performed by typing com-

mands at a command prompt or via an FTP utility running under a graphical

interface such as Windows. FTP transfers can also be initiated from within a

web browser by entering the URL preceded by ftp://.

Telnet

A terminal emulation protocol commonly used on Internet and TCP/IP-

based networks. It allows a user at a terminal or computer to log onto a remote

device and run a program.

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EtherFast

Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch

Instant Broadband

Series

6. Check the

Enable

box to enable the services you have defined. UPnP

Forwarding will not function if the

Enable

button is left unchecked. This is

disabled (unchecked) by default.

Port Triggering

To access the Port Triggering screen (Figure 6-22), used to allow the Router to

watch outgoing data for specific port numbers, click the

Port Triggering

but-

ton from the Port Range Forwarding screen.

The IP address of the computer

that sends the matching data is remembered by the Router, so that when the

requested data returns through the Router, the data is pulled back to the proper

computer by way of IP address and port mapping rules.

1. Enter the

Application Name

of the trigger.

2. Enter the

Trigger Port Range

used by the application. Check with the

Internet application for the port number needed.

Enter the

Incoming Port Range

used by the application. Check with the

Internet application for the port number needed.

Click the

Apply

button to apply these settings, or

click the

Cancel

button

to delete any values you’ve entered.

Figure 6-22

HTTP

(HyperText Transport Protocol)

The communications protocol used to

connect to servers on the World Wide Web. Its primary function is to establish

a connection with a web server and transmit HTML pages to the client web

browser.

POP3

(Post Office Protocol 3)

A standard mail server commonly used on the

Internet. It provides a message store that holds incoming e-mail until users log

on and download it. POP3 is a simple system with little selectivity. All pending

messages and attachments are downloaded at the same time. POP3 uses the

SMTP messaging protocol. (SMTP may also need to be forwarded.)

NNTP

(Network News Transfer Protocol)

The protocol used to connect to

Usenet groups on the Internet.

SNMP

(Simple Network Management Protocol)

A widely used network mon-

itoring and control protocol. Data is passed from SNMP agents, which are

hardware and/or software processes reporting activity in each network device

(hub, router, bridge, etc.) to the workstation console used to oversee the net-

work. The agents return information contained in a MIB (Management

Information Base), which is a data structure that defines what is obtainable

from the device and what can be controlled (turned off, on, etc.).

You must check the

Enable

box to enable the applications you have defined.

To add a server using UPnP Forwarding:

1. Enter the

name

of the application in the appropriate Application Name

field.

2. Next to the name of the application, enter the

number

of the external port

used by the server in the Ext. Port column. Check with the Internet appli-

cation software documentation for more information.

3. On the same line, select

UDP

TCP

4. Enter the

number

of the internal port used by the server in the Int. Port col-

umn.

Check with the Internet application software documentation for more

information.

Enter the IP address of the server that you want the Internet users to be able

to access. For information about finding the IP address, go to “Appendix F:

Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

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EtherFast

Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch

Instant Broadband

Series

If the Router is connected to more than one network, it may be necessary to set

up a static route between them. This can be done from the Static Routing

screen, shown in Figure 6-24. A static route is a pre-determined pathway that

network information must travel to reach a specific host or network.

From the

Static Routing tab, click the

Show Routing Table

button to view the current

static routing configuration.

To create a static route entry:

1. Select a

Static Route Entry

from the drop-down list. The Router supports

up to 20 static route entries.

To delete a Static Routing entry, select an

entry

, and click the

Delete this

entry

button.

Static Routing

Figure 6-24

From the Dynamic Routing screen, shown on Figure 6-23, you can enable the

Router to automatically adjust to physical changes in the network’s layout. The

Router, using the RIP protocol, determines the network packets’ route based on

the fewest number of hops between the source and the destination. The RIP pro-

tocol regularly broadcasts routing information to other routers on the network.

To set up Dynamic Routing:

1. Choose the correct

Working Mode

Gateway Mode

should be used if the

Router is hosting your network’s connection to the Internet.

Router Mode

should be selected if the Router exists on a network with other routers. In

Router Mode, any computer connected to the Router will not be able to con-

nect to the Internet unless you have another router functioning in the

Gateway mode.

Choose a

Dynamic Routing path protocol

for either transmission (TX:) or

reception (RX:) of network data by selecting

Enabled

When finished making your changes on this tab, click the

Apply

button to save

these changes, or click the

Cancel

button to undo your changes.

Click the

Show Routing Table

button to open a chart displaying how data is

routed through your LAN.

Dynamic Routing

Figure 6-23

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EtherFast

Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch

Instant Broadband

Series

From the DMZ Hosting tab, shown in Figure 6-25, you can expose one local

user to the Internet for use of a special-purpose service such as Internet gam-

ing and videoconferencing.

Port Range Forwarding forwards a maximum of 10 ranges of ports, and DMZ

Hosting forwards all the ports for one PC at the same time. DMZ Hosting is

less secure.

•

To expose one PC, enter the computer’s IP address. For more information

about finding a computer’s IP address, refer to “Appendix F: Finding the

MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.”

•

Deactivate DMZ by entering

in the field.

When finished, click the

Apply

button to save the settings. Otherwise, click the

Cancel

button to undo changes made on this screen.

DMZ Host

Figure 6-25

2. Enter the following data to create a new static route.

Destination LAN IP:

The Destination LAN IP is the address of the remote

network or host to which you want to assign a static route. Enter the

address

of the host for which you wish to create a static route here. If you

are building a route to an entire network, be sure that the network portion

of the IP address is set to 0. For example, the Router’s standard IP address

is 192.168.1.1. Based on this address, the address of the routed network is

192.168.1.x, with the last digit “x” determining the Router’s place on the

network. Therefore you would enter the IP address 192.168.1.0 if you want-

ed to route to the Router’s entire network, rather than just to the Router.

Subnet Mask:

The Subnet Mask (also known as the Network Mask) deter-

mines which portion of an IP address is the network portion, and which por-

tion is the host portion. Take, for example, a network in which the Subnet

Mask is 255.255.255.0. This determines (by using the values 255) that the

first three numbers of a network IP address identify this particular network,

while the last digit (from 1 to 254) identifies the specific host.

Default Gateway:

This IP address should be the IP address of the gateway

device that allows for contact between the Router and the remote network

or host.

Hop Count:

This determines the maximum number of steps between net-

work nodes that data packets will travel. A node is any device on the net-

work, such as PCs, print servers, routers, etc. The maximum metric, or

measure, of hops is 15.

interface:

Select

LAN

WAN

, depending on the location of the static

route’s final destination.

When finished, click the

Apply

button to save these changes, or click the

Cancel

button to undo your changes.

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EtherFast

Cable/DSL Router with QoS and 8-Port Switch

Port-based QoS

settings allow you to prioritize performance

on four of the Router’s ports (LAN ports 1-4). You can also disable QoS for a

specific port. The Router’s other four ports are automatically assigned Low

Priority. Port-Based QoS does not require support from your ISP as the priori-

tized ports are LAN ports going out to your network.

When finished, click the

Apply

button to save the settings. Otherwise, click the

Cancel

button to undo changes made on this screen.

From the MAC Address Clone screen, shown in Figure 6-25, you can change

the Router’s WAN Mac Address.

The Router’s

MAC address

is a 12-digit code assigned to a unique piece of

hardware for identification, like a social security number. If your ISP requires

MAC address registration, find your adapter’s MAC address by following the

instructions in “Appendix F: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for

Your Ethernet Adapter.”

Enter the 12 digits of your adapter’s MAC address in the on-screen fields (see

Figure 6-27). This “clones” your Ethernet adapter’s MAC address onto the

Router, so you do NOT have to call your ISP to change the registered MAC

address to the Router’s MAC address.

When finished making your changes on this tab, click the

Apply

button to save

these changes, or click the

Cancel

button to undo your changes.

Instant Broadband

Series

Quality of Service (QoS) is used to maximize a network’s performance accord-

ing to its requirements and can be set from the QoS screen, shown in Figure 6-

26. QoS ensures better service to high-priority types of network traffic, which

may involve demanding, real-time applications, such as videoconferencing.

QoS

To use QoS, select

Enable

. To disable QoS, select

Disable

There are two types of QoS available: Application-based and Port-based.

Application-based QoS

This feature manages information as it is transmitted

and received and assigns it a high or low priority based upon the selections

made on this screen. You can also choose to disable QoS for a specific appli-

cation. There are five preset applications that utilize Application-based QoS:

FTP, HTTP, Telnet, SMTP, and POP3. You can choose three additional applica-

tions by entering their respective port numbers in the Specific Port # fields.

QoS (Quality of Service)

Figure 6-26

MAC Address Clone

Figure 6-27

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