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A
Cisco RV220W Administration Guide
161
Glossary
Term
Definition
beacon interval
The time interval at which beacon frames are
transmitted. Beacon frames announce the
existence of the wireless network.
DTIM (Delivery Traffic
Indication Message)
A DTIM field is a countdown field informing
clients of the next window for listening to
broadcast and multicast messages. When the
Cisco RV220W has buffered broadcast or
multicast messages for associated clients, it
sends the next DTIM with a DTIM Interval value.
Its clients hear the beacons and awaken to
receive the broadcast and multicast messages.
dynamic routing
Dynamic routing enables the router to adjust
automatically to physical changes in the
network’s layout. Using the dynamic RIP
protocol, the router calculates the most efficient
route for the network’s data packets to travel
between the source and the destination. The
RIP protocol regularly broadcasts routing
information to other routers on the network. It
determines the best route based on the fewest
number of hops between the source and the
destination.
Page 162 / 199
Glossary
Cisco RV220W Administration Guide
162
A
Fragmentation Threshold
The frame length, in bytes, that requires packets
to be fragmented into two or more frames. Set-
ting a lower value can reduce collisions, which
occur more often in the transmission of long
frames. You may need to use a lower setting in
areas where communication is poor or where
there is a great deal of radio interference. How-
ever, setting the fragmentation threshold too
low may result in poor network performance.
IKE (Internet Key
Exchange)
The Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol
dynamically exchanges keys between two
IPsec hosts.
MTU (Maximum
Transmission Unit)
The largest packet that can be sent over the
network.
Network Address
Translation (NAT)
Network Address Translation (NAT) is a
technique that allows several endpoints on a
LAN to share an Internet connection. In this
scenario, the computers on the LAN use a
“private” IP address range while the WAN port
on the router is configured with a single “public”
IP address. The router translates the internal
private addresses into a public address, hiding
internal IP addresses from computers on the
Internet.
Preamble Mode
The 802.11b standard requires adding a pream-
ble to every frame before it is transmitted
through the air. The traditional long
preamble
requires 192
μ
s for transmission. A short pream-
ble requires only 96
μ
s. A long preamble is
needed for compatibility with the legacy 802.11
systems operating at 1 and 2 Mbps.
Term
Definition
Page 163 / 199
Glossary
Cisco RV220W Administration Guide
163
A
RADVD (Router
Advertisement Daemon)
RADVD is an open-source software product
that uses the Neighbor Discovery Protocol
(NDP) to listen for router solicitations in the IPv6
LAN. It responds with router advertisements to
support stateless address auto-configuration.
When a new host connects to the network, it
sends a request for its configuration
parameters, and the router responds with a
router advertisement packet that contains the
network-layer configuration parameters
including IPv6 prefixes. The node takes the
prefix and extends it to a full 128 bit address by
adding an EUID based on its hardware address.
Request to Send (RTS)
Threshold
The packet size, in bytes, that requires an RTS/
Clear to Send (CTS) handshake before sending.
A low setting can be useful in areas where many
client devices are associating with the wireless
device, or in areas where the clients are far
apart and can detect only the access point but
not other clients. Although a low threshold value
consumes more bandwidth and reduces the
throughput of the packet, frequent RTS packets
can help the network to recover from
interference or collisions.
Routing Information
Protocol (RIP)
This protocol uses use distance vectors to
mathematically compare routes to identify the
best path to any given destination address. RIP
sends routing-update messages at regular
intervals and when the network topology
changes. Upon receiving a RIP message, a
router updates its routing table and transmits
the updates to other routers. RIP prevents loops
and has features to provide stability despite
potentially rapid changes in a network's
topology.
RIPv2 supports subnet masks, allows more
information to be included in RIP packets, and
provides a simple authentication mechanism
that is not supported by RIP.
Term
Definition
Page 164 / 199
Glossary
Cisco RV220W Administration Guide
164
A
RIPng (RIP next generation)
RIPng is an extension of RIPv2 for support of
IPv6. (See the information about RIP in this
Glossary.)
static routing
A static route is a pre-determined pathway that
a packet must travel to reach a specific host or
network.
CAUTION:
Static routing is a powerful feature
that should be used by advanced users only. In
many cases, it is better to use dynamic routing
because it enables the router to automatically
adjust to physical changes in the network’s
layout.
Use cases for static routing include the
following:
•
Some ISPs require static routes to build
your routing table instead of using
dynamic routing protocols.
•
You can use static routes to reach peer
routers that do not support dynamic
routing protocols.
•
If the router is connected to more than
one network or there are multiple routers
installed on your network, it may be
necessary to set up static routes to
enable traffic between them.
•
You can use static routing to allow users
in different IP domain to access the
Internet through the router.
VLAN (Virtual LAN)
A VLAN is a group of endpoints in a network
that are associated by function or other shared
characteristics. Unlike LANs, which are usually
geographically based, VLANs can group
endpoints without regard to the physical
location of the equipment or users.
Term
Definition
Page 165 / 199
B
Cisco Small Business RV0xx Series Routers Administration Guide
165
Troubleshooting
The firmware upgrade has failed.
A firmware upgrade takes approximately ten minutes. An error may occur if you
powered off the router, pressed the Reset button, closed the
System Management
> Firmware Upgrade
page, or disconnected the computer from the router during
the firmware upgrade.
If the firmware upgrade failed, repeat the firmware upgrade procedure using the
System Management > Firmware Upgrade
page of the configuration utility. For
more information, see
Upgrading the Firmware, page 90
.
If the Diag status light continues to flash, the firmware image is damaged. Use the
TFTP utility to upgrade the firmware. You can download the TFTP utility at
www.cisco.com.
Your computer cannot connect to the Internet.
Follow these instructions until your computer can connect to the Internet:
•
Make sure that the router is powered on. The System status light should be
green and not flashing.
•
If the System status light is flashing, then power off all of your network
devices, including the modem, router, and computers. Then power on each
device in
the following order:
-
Cable or DSL modem
-
Router
-
Computer
•
Check the cable connections. The computer should be connected to one of
the ports numbered 1 to 4 on the router, and the modem must be connected
to the Internet port on the router.

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