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Chapter 8 Quality of Service (QoS)
Basic Home Station VDSL2 P8701T User’s Guide
131
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
8.5.1
Add QoS Classification Rule
Click
Add new Classifier
in the
Class Setup
screen or the
Edit
icon next to a classifier to open
the following screen.
Table 42
QoS Classification Setup
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Class Name
This displays the name of the classifier rule.
Order
This displays the rule’s place in the list of classifier rules. The VDSL Router checks traffic
against classifiers in order until it matches one.
CLASSIFICATION
CRITERIA
These fields show the criteria specified in the classifier rule. For example the interface
from which traffic of this class comes and the source MAC address of traffic that
matches this classifier.
Class Intf
This displays the ingress interface to which the classifier applies.
Ether Type
This displays the type of Ethernet frames to which the classifier applies.
SrcMAC/ Mask
This displays the source MAC and network mask of traffic to which the classifier applies.
DstMAC/ Mask
This displays the destination MAC and network mask of traffic to which the classifier
applies.
SrcIP/ PrefixLength
This displays the source IP address and prefix length of traffic to which the classifier
applies.
DstIP/ PrefixLength
This displays the destination IP address and prefix length of traffic to which the classifier
applies.
Proto
This displays the protocol of traffic to which the classifier applies.
SrcPort
This displays the source port of traffic to which the classifier applies.
DstPort
This displays the destination port of traffic to which the classifier applies.
DSCP Check
This displays the DSCP mark of traffic to which the classifier applies.
802.1P Check
This displays the IEEE 802.1p priority level of traffic to which the classifier applies.
CLASSIFICATION
RESULTS
These fields show the changes the classifier rule applies to matching traffic.
Queue Key
This displays the number of the queue to which the VDSL Router adds traffic that
matches this classifier.
DSCP Mark
This displays the DSCP mark the VDSL Router adds to traffic that matches this classifier.
802.1P Mark
This displays the IEEE 802.1p priority level the VDSL Router assigns to traffic that
matches this classifier.
Forward Inft
This displays the interface through which the VDSL Router forwards traffic that matches
this classifier.
Unchange
means the VDSL Router forwards traffic of this class according
to the default routing table.
Rate Limit(kbps)
This displays the rate limit (if any) that the VDSL Router applies to traffic that matches
this classifier.
Enable
Select an entry’s
Enable
option and click the
Enable
button to turn it on.
Remove
Select an entry’s
Remove
option and click the
Remove
button to delete it.
Add
Click this button to create a new classifier rule.
Page 132 / 240
Chapter 8 Quality of Service (QoS)
Basic Home Station VDSL2 P8701T User’s Guide
132
Figure 49
QoS Classification Setup: Add
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 43
QoS Classification Setup: Add
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Traffic Class
Name
Enter a descriptive name of up to 15 printable English keyboard characters, not including
spaces.
Rule Order
Select an existing number for where you want to put this classifier to move the classifier to
the number you selected after clicking
Apply
.
Select
Last
to put this rule in the back of the classifier list.
Rule Status
Enable or disable this classifier.
Specify
Classification
Criteria
Configure these fields to identify the traffic to which the class applies. The fields available
vary depending on the selected interface and Ether type. Leave a field blank to not apply
that criterion.
Class Interface
Select the ingress interface to which the classifier applies.
Ether Type
Select the predefined application (IP, ARP, IPv6, PPPoE discovery, PPPoE session, 8865,
8866, or IEEE 802.1q) to which the classifier applies. The list of types available to choose
from varies depending on the selected interface.
Source MAC
Address
Enter a MAC address to apply the classifier to packets from that MAC address.
Page 133 / 240
Chapter 8 Quality of Service (QoS)
Basic Home Station VDSL2 P8701T User’s Guide
133
Source MAC
Mask
Type the mask for the specified MAC address to determine which bits a packet’s MAC
address should match.
Enter “f” for each bit of the specified source MAC address that the traffic’s MAC address
should match. Enter “0” for the bit(s) of the matched traffic’s MAC address, which can be of
any hexadecimal character(s). For example, if you set the MAC address to
00:13:49:00:00:00 and the mask to ff:ff:ff:00:00:00, a packet with a MAC address of
00:13:49:12:34:56 matches this criteria.
Destination
MAC Address
Enter a MAC address to apply the classifier to packets destined for that MAC address.
Destination
MAC Mask
Type the mask for the specified MAC address to determine which bits a packet’s MAC
address should match.
Enter “f” for each bit of the specified source MAC address that the traffic’s MAC address
should match. Enter “0” for the bit(s) of the matched traffic’s MAC address, which can be of
any hexadecimal character(s). For example, if you set the MAC address to
00:13:49:00:00:00 and the mask to ff:ff:ff:00:00:00, a packet with a MAC address of
00:13:49:12:34:56 matches this criteria.
Source IP
Address[/Mask]
Select this and enter an IP address to apply the classifier to packets from that IP address.
You can also include a source subnet mask.
Vendor Class ID
(DHCP Option
60)
Select this and enter the Vendor Class Identifier (Option 60) of the matched traffic, such as
the type of the hardware or firmware.
User Class ID
DHCP option 77
Select this and enter a string that identifies the user’s category or application type in the
matched DHCP packets.
Destination IP
Address[/Mask]
Enter an IP address to apply the classifier to packets destined for that IP address. You can
also include a destination subnet mask.
Differentiated
Service Code
Point (DSCP)
Check
Select a DSCP mark of traffic to which to apply the classifier.
802.1p Priority
Check
This field is available only when you set the
Ether Type
field to
8021Q
.
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (between 0 and 7) of traffic to which to apply the
classifier. "0" is the lowest priority level and "7" is the highest.
Specify
Classification
Results
Configure these fields to change traffic that matches the classifier. The fields available vary
depending on the selected interface, Ether type, and sometimes on the selected class
queue. Leave a field blank to not apply that type of change.
Specify Class
Queue
Select the queue to which to add traffic that matches this classifier.
Forward To
Interface
Select a WAN interface through which to forward traffic of this class. Select
Unchange
to
forward traffic of this class according to the default routing table.
Mark
Differentiated
Service Code
Point (DSCP):
Select the DSCP mark to add to traffic that matches this classifier. Use
Auto
marking to
automatically apply a DSCP mark according to the type of traffic. Use
default
to leave the
DSCP mark unchanged.
Protocol
Select a service type (
TCP
,
UDP
,
ICMP
or
IGMP
) of traffic to which to apply the classifier.
Mark 802.1p
priority
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level to assign to traffic that matches this classifier.
Set Rate Limit
Set the rate limit to apply to traffic that matches this classifier.
Apply/Save
Click this button to save your changes.
Table 43
QoS Classification Setup: Add (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Page 134 / 240
Chapter 8 Quality of Service (QoS)
Basic Home Station VDSL2 P8701T User’s Guide
134
8.6
Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the VDSL Router features
described in this chapter.
IEEE 802.1Q Tag
The IEEE 802.1Q standard defines an explicit VLAN tag in the MAC header to identify the VLAN
membership of a frame across bridges. A VLAN tag includes the 12-bit VLAN ID and 3-bit user
priority. The VLAN ID associates a frame with a specific VLAN and provides the information that
devices need to process the frame across the network.
IEEE 802.1p specifies the user priority field and defines up to eight separate traffic types. The
following table describes the traffic types defined in the IEEE 802.1d standard (which incorporates
the 802.1p).
DiffServ
QoS is used to prioritize source-to-destination traffic flows. All packets in the flow are given the
same priority. You can use CoS (class of service) to give different priorities to different packet
types.
DiffServ (Differentiated Services) is a class of service (CoS) model that marks packets so that they
receive specific per-hop treatment at DiffServ-compliant network devices along the route based on
the application types and traffic flow. Packets are marked with DiffServ Code Points (DSCPs)
indicating the level of service desired. This allows the intermediary DiffServ-compliant network
devices to handle the packets differently depending on the code points without the need to
negotiate paths or remember state information for every flow. In addition, applications do not have
to request a particular service or give advanced notice of where the traffic is going.
DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior
DiffServ defines a new Differentiated Services (DS) field to replace the Type of Service (TOS) field
in the IP header. The DS field contains a 2-bit unused field and a 6-bit DSCP field which can define
up to 64 service levels. The following figure illustrates the DS field.
Table 44
IEEE 802.1p Priority Level and Traffic Type
PRIORITY
LEVEL
TRAFFIC TYPE
Level 7
Typically used for network control traffic such as router configuration messages.
Level 6
Typically used for voice traffic that is especially sensitive to jitter (jitter is the
variations in delay).
Level 5
Typically used for video that consumes high bandwidth and is sensitive to jitter.
Level 4
Typically used for controlled load, latency-sensitive traffic such as SNA (Systems
Network Architecture) transactions.
Level 3
Typically used for “excellent effort” or better than best effort and would include
important business traffic that can tolerate some delay.
Level 2
This is for “spare bandwidth”.
Level 1
This is typically used for non-critical “background” traffic such as bulk transfers that
are allowed but that should not affect other applications and users.
Level 0
Typically used for best-effort traffic.
Page 135 / 240
Chapter 8 Quality of Service (QoS)
Basic Home Station VDSL2 P8701T User’s Guide
135
DSCP is backward compatible with the three precedence bits in the ToS octet so that non-DiffServ
compliant, ToS-enabled network device will not conflict with the DSCP mapping.
The DSCP value determines the forwarding behavior, the PHB (Per-Hop Behavior), that each packet
gets across the DiffServ network. Based on the marking rule, different kinds of traffic can be
marked for different kinds of forwarding. Resources can then be allocated according to the DSCP
values and the configured policies.
IP Precedence
Similar to IEEE 802.1p prioritization at layer-2, you can use IP precedence to prioritize packets in a
layer-3 network. IP precedence uses three bits of the eight-bit ToS (Type of Service) field in the IP
header. There are eight classes of services (ranging from zero to seven) in IP precedence. Zero is
the lowest priority level and seven is the highest.
Automatic Priority Queue Assignment
If you enable QoS on the VDSL Router, the VDSL Router can automatically base on the IEEE 802.1p
priority level, IP precedence and/or packet length to assign priority to traffic which does not match
a class.
The following table shows you the internal layer-2 and layer-3 QoS mapping on the VDSL Router.
On the VDSL Router, traffic assigned to higher priority queues gets through faster while traffic in
lower index queues is dropped if the network is congested.
DSCP (6 bits)
Unused (2 bits)
Table 45
Internal Layer2 and Layer3 QoS Mapping
PRIORITY
QUEUE
LAYER 2
LAYER 3
IEEE 802.1P USER
PRIORITY
(ETHERNET
PRIORITY)
TOS (IP
PRECEDENCE)
DSCP
IP PACKET
LENGTH (BYTE)
0
1
0
000000
1
2
2
0
0
000000
>1100
3
3
1
001110
001100
001010
001000
250~1100
4
4
2
010110
010100
010010
010000

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