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Chapter 9 Certificates
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121
Country
Type up to 127 characters to identify the nation where the certificate owner is
located. You may use any character, including spaces, but the ZyXEL Device
drops trailing spaces.
Key Length
Select a number from the drop-down list box to determine how many bits the
key should use (512 to 2048). The longer the key, the more secure it is. A
longer key also uses more PKI storage space.
Enrollment Options
These radio buttons deal with how and when the certificate is to be
generated.
Create a self-signed
certificate
Select
Create a self-signed certificate
to have the ZyXEL Device generate
the certificate and act as the Certification Authority (CA) itself. This way you
do not need to apply to a certification authority for certificates.
Create a certification
request and save it
locally for later
manual enrollment
Select
Create a certification request and save it locally for later
manual enrollment
to have the ZyXEL Device generate and store a request
for a certificate. Use the
My Certificate Details
screen to view the
certification request and copy it to send to the certification authority.
Copy the certification request from the
My Certificate Details
screen
and
then send it to the certification authority.
Create a certification
request and enroll for
a certificate
immediately online
Select
Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate
immediately online
to have the ZyXEL Device generate a request for a
certificate and apply to a certification authority for a certificate.
You must have the certification authority’s certificate already imported in the
Trusted CAs
screen.
When you select this option, you must select the certification authority’s
enrollment protocol and the certification authority’s certificate from the drop-
down list boxes and enter the certification authority’s server address. You
also need to fill in the
Reference Number
and
Key
if the certification
authority requires them.
Enrollment Protocol
Select the certification authority’s enrollment protocol from the drop-down
list box.
Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol (SCEP)
is a TCP-based
enrollment protocol that was developed by VeriSign and Cisco.
Certificate Management Protocol (CMP)
is a TCP-based enrollment
protocol that was developed by the Public Key Infrastructure X.509 working
group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and is specified in RFC
2510.
CA Server Address
Enter the IP address (or URL) of the certification authority server.
CA Certificate
Select the certification authority’s certificate from the
CA Certificate
drop-
down list box.
You must have the certification authority’s certificate already imported in the
Trusted CAs
screen. Click
Trusted CAs
to go to the
Trusted CAs
screen
where you can view (and manage) the ZyXEL Device's list of certificates of
trusted certification authorities.
Request
Authentication
When you select
Create a certification request and enroll for a
certificate immediately online
, the certification authority may want you to
include a reference number and key to identify you when you send a
certification request. Fill in both the
Reference Number
and the
Key
fields
if your certification authority uses CMP enrollment protocol. Just fill in the
Key
field if your certification authority uses the SCEP enrollment protocol.
Key
Type the key that the certification authority gave you.
Back
Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
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After you click Apply in the
My Certificate Create
screen, you see a screen that tells you the
ZyXEL Device is generating the self-signed certificate or certification request.
After the ZyXEL Device successfully enrolls a certificate or generates a certification request or a
self-signed certificate, you see a screen with a
Return
button that takes you back to the
My
Certificates
screen.
If you configured the
My Certificate Create
screen to have the ZyXEL Device enroll a certificate
and the certificate enrollment is not successful, you see a screen with a Return button that takes
you back to the
My Certificate Create
screen. Click
Return
and check your information in the
My
Certificate Create
screen. Make sure that the certification authority information is correct and that
your Internet connection is working properly if you want the ZyXEL Device to enroll a certificate
online.
9.2.3
My Certificate Details
Use this screen to view in-depth certificate information and change the certificate’s name. In the
case of a self-signed certificate, you can set it to be the one that the ZyXEL Device uses to sign the
trusted remote host certificates that you import to the ZyXEL Device. Click
Security >
Apply
Click this to save the certificate on the ZyXEL Device.
Cancel
Click this to clear your settings.
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
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Chapter 9 Certificates
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123
Certificates > My Certificates
to open the
My Certificates
screen. Click the edit icon to open the
My Certificate Details
screen.
Figure 74
My Certificate Details
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 44
My Certificate Details
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Certificate Name
This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. If you want to
change the name, type up to 31 characters to identify this certificate. You may
use any character (not including spaces).
Property
Default self-signed
certificate which
signs the imported
remote host
certificates.
Select this check box to have the ZyXEL Device use this certificate to sign the
trusted remote host certificates that you import to the ZyXEL Device. This
check box is only available with self-signed certificates.
If this check box is already selected, you cannot clear it in this screen, you
must select this check box in another self-signed certificate’s details screen.
This automatically clears the check box in the details screen of the certificate
that was previously set to sign the imported trusted remote host certificates.
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124
Certification Path
Click the
Refresh
button to have this read-only text box display the hierarchy
of certification authorities that validate the certificate (and the certificate
itself).
If the issuing certification authority is one that you have imported as a trusted
certification authority, it may be the only certification authority in the list
(along with the certificate itself). If the certificate is a self-signed certificate,
the certificate itself is the only one in the list. The ZyXEL Device does not trust
the certificate and displays “Not trusted” in this field if any certificate on the
path has expired or been revoked.
Refresh
Click this to display the certification path.
Certificate
Information
These read-only fields display detailed information about the certificate.
Type
This field displays general information about the certificate. CA-signed means
that a Certification Authority signed the certificate. Self-signed means that the
certificate’s owner signed the certificate (not a certification authority).
“X.509” means that this certificate was created and signed according to the
ITU-T X.509 recommendation that defines the formats for public-key
certificates.
Version
This field displays the X.509 version number.
Serial Number
This field displays the certificate’s identification number given by the
certification authority or generated by the ZyXEL Device.
Subject
This field displays information that identifies the owner of the certificate, such
as Common Name (CN), Organizational Unit (OU), Organization (O) and
Country (C).
Issuer
This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing
certification authority, such as Common Name, Organizational Unit,
Organization and Country.
With self-signed certificates, this is the same as the
Subject Name
field.
Signature Algorithm
This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to sign the certificate.
The ZyXEL Device uses rsa-pkcs1-sha1 (RSA public-private key encryption
algorithm and the SHA1 hash algorithm). Some certification authorities may
use rsa-pkcs1-md5 (RSA public-private key encryption algorithm and the MD5
hash algorithm).
Valid From
This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. The text
displays in red and includes a Not Yet Valid! message if the certificate has not
yet become applicable.
Valid To
This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red
and includes an Expiring! or Expired! message if the certificate is about to
expire or has already expired.
Key Algorithm
This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to generate the
certificate’s key pair (the ZyXEL Device uses RSA encryption) and the length of
the key set in bits (1024 bits for example).
Subject Alternative
Name
This field displays the certificate owner‘s IP address (IP), domain name (DNS)
or e-mail address (EMAIL).
Key Usage
This field displays for what functions the certificate’s key can be used. For
example, “DigitalSignature” means that the key can be used to sign
certificates and “KeyEncipherment” means that the key can be used to encrypt
text.
Basic Constraint
This field displays general information about the certificate. For example,
Subject Type=CA means that this is a certification authority’s certificate and
“Path Length Constraint=1” means that there can only be one certification
authority in the certificate’s path.
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
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125
9.3
The Trusted CAs Screen
This screen displays a summary list of certificates of the certification authorities that you have set
the ZyXEL Device to accept as trusted. The ZyXEL Device accepts any valid certificate signed by a
certification authority on this list as being trustworthy; thus you do not need to import any
MD5 Fingerprint
This is the certificate’s message digest that the ZyXEL Device calculated using
the MD5 algorithm.
SHA1 Fingerprint
This is the certificate’s message digest that the ZyXEL Device calculated using
the SHA1 algorithm.
Certificate in PEM
(Base-64) Encoded
Format
This read-only text box displays the certificate or certification request in
Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. PEM uses 64 ASCII characters to convert
the binary certificate into a printable form.
You can copy and paste a certification request into a certification authority’s
web page, an e-mail that you send to the certification authority or a text editor
and save the file on a management computer for later manual enrollment.
You can copy and paste a certificate into an e-mail to send to friends or
colleagues or you can copy and paste a certificate into a text editor and save
the file on a management computer for later distribution (via floppy disk for
example).
Back
Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Export
Click this and then
Save
in the
File Download
screen. The
Save As
screen
opens, browse to the location that you want to use and click
Save
.
Apply
Click this to save your changes. You can only change the name, except in the
case of a self-signed certificate, which you can also set to be the default self-
signed certificate that signs the imported trusted remote host certificates.
Cancel
Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
LABEL
DESCRIPTION

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