Zyxel NBG6515 Router Manual PDF (Setup & Configuration Guide)

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NBG6515 User’s Guide

96

C

HAPTER

12

IPv6

12.1

IPv6 Overview

IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6), is designed to enhance IP address size and features. The

increase in IPv6 address size to 128 bits (from the 32-bit IPv4 address) allows up to 3.4 x 10

38

IP

addresses.

Use the

IPv6

screens to configure the IP address for your NBG on the LAN or on the WAN.

12.1.1

What You Can Do in this Chapter

•

Use the

General

screen (

Section 12.2 on page 98

) to configure the IPv6 connection type.

12.1.2

What You Need to Know

IPv6 Addressing

An 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This

is an example IPv6 address

2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000

.

IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:

•

Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So

2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000

can

be written as

2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0

.

•

Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double colon can

only appear once in an IPv6 address. So

2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015

can be

written as

2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015

,

2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015

,

2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15

or

2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15

.

Prefix and Prefix Length

Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An

IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address

compose the network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For

example,

2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32

means that the first 32 bits (

2001:db8

) from the left is the network prefix.

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Link-local Address

A link-local address uniquely identifies a device on the local network (the LAN). It is similar to a

“private IP address” in IPv4. You can have the same link-local address on multiple interfaces on a

device. A link-local unicast address has a predefined prefix of fe80::/10. The link-local unicast

address format is as follows.

Subnet Masking

Both an IPv6 address and IPv6 subnet mask compose of 128-bit binary digits, which are divided

into eight 16-bit blocks and written in hexadecimal notation. Hexadecimal uses four bits for each

character (1 ~ 10, A ~ F). Each block’s 16 bits are then represented by four hexadecimal

characters. For example, FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FC00:0000:0000:0000.

Stateless Autoconfiguration

With stateless autoconfiguration in IPv6, addresses can be uniquely and automatically generated.

Unlike DHCPv6 (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version six) which is used in IPv6 stateful

autoconfiguration, the owner and status of addresses don’t need to be maintained by a DHCP

server. Every IPv6 device is able to generate its own and unique IP address automatically when

IPv6 is initiated on its interface. It combines the prefix and the interface ID (generated from its own

Ethernet MAC address) to form a complete IPv6 address.

When IPv6 is enabled on a device, its interface automatically generates a link-local address

(beginning with fe80).

When the NBG’s WAN interface is connected to an ISP with a router and the NBG is set to

automatically obtain an IPv6 network prefix from the router for the interface, it generates another

address which combines its interface ID and global and subnet information advertised from the

router. (In IPv6, all network interfaces can be associated with several addresses.) This is a routable

global IP address.

Prefix Delegation

Prefix delegation enables an IPv6 router (the NBG) to use the IPv6 prefix (network address)

received from the ISP (or a connected uplink router) for its LAN. The NBG uses the received IPv6

prefix (for example, 2001:db2::/48) to generate its LAN IP address. Through sending Router

Advertisements (RAs) regularly by multicast, the router passes the IPv6 prefix information to its

LAN hosts. The hosts then can use the prefix to generate their IPv6 addresses.

IPv6 Router Advertisement

An IPv6 router sends router advertisement messages periodically to advertise its presence and

other parameters to the hosts in the same network.

Table 49

Link-local Unicast Address Format

1111 1110 10

0

Interface ID

10 bits

54 bits

64 bits

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DHCPv6

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6, RFC 3315) is a server-client protocol

that allows a DHCP server to assign and pass IPv6 network addresses, prefixes and other

configuration information to DHCP clients. DHCPv6 servers and clients exchange DHCP messages

using UDP.

Each DHCP client and server has a unique DHCP Unique IDentifier (DUID), which is used for

identification when they are exchanging DHCPv6 messages. The DUID is generated from the MAC

address, time, vendor assigned ID and/or the vendor's private enterprise number registered with

the IANA. It should not change over time even after you reboot the device.

12.2

General Screen

Use this screen to configure the IP address for your NBG. Click

Network > IPv6 > General

.

Figure 76

Network > IPv6 > General

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The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 50

Network > IPv6 > General

LABEL

DESCRIPTION

IPv6 Connection Type Setup

IPv6

Connection

Type

Select

Link Local Only

to use the link-local address which uniquely identifies a device on

the local network (the LAN).

Select

Static IPv6

if you have a fixed IPv6 address assigned by your ISP.

Select

DHCPv6

if you want to obtain an IPv6 address from a DHCPv6 server.

WAN IPv6 Address Setup

This is available only when you select

Static IPv6

in the

IPv6 Connection Type

field.

IPv6 Address

Enter the IPv6 address on the WAN side in this field.

Subnet Prefix

Length

Enter the address prefix length to specify how many most significant bits in an IPv6 address

compose the network address.

Gateway IP

Address

Enter the IPv6 address of the next-hop gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the

same segment as your NBG's interface(s). The gateway helps forward packets to their

destinations.

First DNS

Server

Second DNS

Server

Specify the DNS server IPv6 address assigned by the ISP.

IPv6 DNS Setup

This is available only when you select

DHCPv6

in the

IPv6 Connection Type

field.

DNS Setup

Select

From ISP

to have the NBG get the IPv6 DNS server addresses from the ISP

automatically.

Select

User-Defined

to have the NBG use the IPv6 DNS server addresses you configure

manually.

First DNS

Server

Enter the first IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP.

Second DNS

Server

Enter the second IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP.

LAN IPv6 Address Setup

Enable DHCP-

PD

Select this option to use DHCPv6 prefix delegation. The NBG will obtain an IPv6 prefix from

the ISP or a connected uplink router for the LAN.

LAN IPv6

Address

Enter the IPv6 address for the NBG on the LAN.

LAN IPv6 Link-

local Address

This displays the IPv6 link-local address on the NBG interfaces in the LAN.

Address Auto configuration Setup

This is not available when you select

Link Local Only

in the

IPv6 Connection Type

field.

Enable Address

Auto

configuration

Select this option if you want the devices on your local area network to obtain network

address that are not managed by a DHCPv6 server.

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100

Type

Select

SLAAC + RDNSS

to enable IPv6 stateless auto-configuration on this interface. The

interface will generate an IPv6 IP address itself from a prefix obtained from an IPv6 router

in the network.

Select

SLAAC + Stateless

DHCPv6 to enable IPv6 stateless auto-configuration on this

interface. The interface will get an IPv6 address from an IPv6 router and the DHCP server.

The IP address information gets through DHCPv6.

Select

Stateful

to allow a DHCP server to assign and pass IPv6 network addresses, prefixes

and other configuration information to DHCP clients.

Router

Lifetime

Specify how long (in minutes) the IPv6 addresses remain valid.

Address (start)

If you select

Stateful

in the

Type

field, specify the range of IPv6 addresses from which the

DHCPv6 server assigns to the clients. Enter the smallest value of the last block of the IPv6

addresses which are to be allocated.

Address (end)

If you select

Stateful

in the

Type

field, specify the range of IPv6 addresses from which the

DHCPv6 server assigns to the clients. Enter the largest value of the last block of the IPv6

addresses which are to be allocated.

Apply

Click

Apply

to save your changes back to the NBG.

Reset

Click

Reset

to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Table 50

Network > IPv6 > General (continued)

LABEL

DESCRIPTION

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