Page 131 / 292 Scroll up to view Page 126 - 130
Chapter 15 Network Address Translation (NAT)
NBG-419N User’s Guide
131
In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A service request
that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the
default is not defined, the service request is simply discarded.
Note: Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server
processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may
periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any
active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to your ISP.
Port forwarding allows you to define the local servers to which the incoming services will be
forwarded. To change your NBG-419N’s port forwarding settings, click
Network > NAT
>
Application
. The screen appears as shown.
Note: If you do not assign a
Default Server
IP address
in the
NAT >
General
screen,
the NBG-419N discards all packets received for ports that are not specified in this
screen or remote management.
Refer to
Appendix E on page 259
for port numbers commonly used for particular services.
Figure 94
Network > NAT > Application
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 58
Network > NAT > Application
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add Application Rule
Active
Select the check box to enable this rule and the requested service can be
forwarded to the host with a specified internal IP address.
Clear the checkbox to disallow forwarding of these ports to an inside server
without having to delete the entry.
Service Name
Type a name (of up to 31 printable characters) to identify this rule in the first
field next to
Service Name
. Otherwise, select a predefined service in the second
field next to
Service Name
. The predefined service name and port number(s)
will display in the
Service Name
and
Port
fields.
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15.5
NAT Advanced Screen
Some services use a dedicated range of ports on the client side and a dedicated range of ports on
the server side. With regular port forwarding you set a forwarding port in NAT to forward a service
(coming in from the server on the WAN) to the IP address of a computer on the client side (LAN).
The problem is that port forwarding only forwards a service to a single LAN IP address. In order to
use the same service on a different LAN computer, you have to manually replace the LAN
computer's IP address in the forwarding port with another LAN computer's IP address.
Trigger port forwarding solves this problem by allowing computers on the LAN to dynamically take
turns using the service. The NBG-419N records the IP address of a LAN computer that sends traffic
to the WAN to request a service with a specific port number and protocol (a "trigger" port). When
the NBG-419N's WAN port receives a response with a specific port number and protocol ("incoming"
port), the NBG-419N forwards the traffic to the LAN IP address of the computer that sent the
request. After that computer’s connection for that service closes, another computer on the LAN can
use the service in the same manner. This way you do not need to configure a new IP address each
time you want a different LAN computer to use the application.
To change your NBG-419N’s trigger port settings, click
Network > NAT
>
Advanced
. The screen
appears as shown.
Port
Type a port number(s) to define the service to be forwarded to the specified
server.
To specify a range of ports, enter a hyphen (-) between the first port and the last
port, such as 10-20.
To specify two or more non-consecutive port numbers, separate them by a
comma without spaces, such as 123,567.
Server IP Address
Type the IP address of the server on your LAN that receives packets from the
port(s) specified in the
Port
field.
Application Rules Summary
#
This is the number of an individual port forwarding server entry.
Active
This icon is turned on when the rule is enabled.
Name
This field displays a name to identify this rule.
Port
This field displays the port number(s).
Server IP Address
This field displays the inside IP address of the server.
Modify
Click the
Edit
icon to display and modify an existing rule setting in the fields
under
Add Application Rule
.
Click the
Remove
icon to delete a rule.
Apply
Click
Apply
to save your changes back to the NBG-419N.
Reset
Click
Reset
to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 58
Network > NAT > Application (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
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Chapter 15 Network Address Translation (NAT)
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133
Note: Only one LAN computer can use a trigger port (range) at a time.
Figure 95
Network > NAT > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 59
Network > NAT > Advanced
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
#
This is the rule index number (read-only).
Name
Type a unique name (up to 15 characters) for identification purposes. All
characters are permitted - including spaces.
Incoming
Incoming is a port (or a range of ports) that a server on the WAN uses when it
sends out a particular service. The NBG-419N forwards the traffic with this port
(or range of ports) to the client computer on the LAN that requested the service.
Start Port
Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers.
End Port
Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers.
Trigger
The trigger port is a port (or a range of ports) that causes (or triggers) the NBG-
419N to record the IP address of the LAN computer that sent the traffic to a
server on the WAN.
Start Port
Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers.
End Port
Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers.
Apply
Click
Apply
to save your changes back to the NBG-419N.
Reset
Click
Reset
to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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Chapter 15 Network Address Translation (NAT)
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134
15.5.1
Trigger Port Forwarding Example
The following is an example of trigger port forwarding.
Figure 96
Trigger Port Forwarding Process: Example
1
Jane requests a file from the Real Audio server (port 7070).
2
Port 7070 is a “trigger” port and causes the NBG-419N to record Jane’s computer IP address. The
NBG-419N associates Jane's computer IP address with the "incoming" port range of 6970-7170.
3
The Real Audio server responds using a port number ranging between 6970-7170.
4
The NBG-419N forwards the traffic to Jane’s computer IP address.
5
Only Jane can connect to the Real Audio server until the connection is closed or times out. The
NBG-419N times out in three minutes with UDP (User Datagram Protocol), or two hours with TCP/IP
(Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).
15.5.2
Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports
1
Trigger events only happen on data that is going coming from inside the NBG-419N and going to
the outside.
If an application needs a continuous data stream, that port (range) will be tied up so that another
computer on the LAN can’t trigger it.
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135
C
HAPTER
16
Dynamic DNS
16.1
Overview
Dynamic DNS (DDNS) services let you use a domain name with a dynamic IP address.
16.2
What You Can Do
Use the
Dynamic DNS
screen (
Section 16.4 on page 135
) to enable DDNS and configure the DDNS
settings on the NBG-419N.
16.3
What You Need To Know
Dynamic DNS allows you to update your current dynamic IP address with one or many dynamic
DNS services so that anyone can contact you (in NetMeeting, CU-SeeMe, etc.). You can also access
your FTP server or Web site on your own computer using a domain name (for instance
myhost.dhs.org, where myhost is a name of your choice) that will never change instead of using an
IP address that changes each time you reconnect. Your friends or relatives will always be able to
call you even if they don't know your IP address.
16.4
Dynamic DNS Screen
To change your NBG-419N’s DDNS, click
Network > DDNS
. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 97
Network > DDNS

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