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Spanning-Tree Bridge Protocol (STP)
Spanning-Tree Bridge Protocol (STP) - Part of an IEEE standard. A mechanism for detecting and
preventing loops from occurring in a multi-bridged environment. When three or more LAN's segments
are connected via bridges, a loop can occur. Because a bridge forwards all packets that are not
recognized as being local, some packets can circulate for long periods of time, eventually degrading
system performance. This algorithm ensures only one path connects any pair of stations, selecting
one bridge as the 'root' bridge, with the highest priority one as identifier, from which all paths should
radiate.
Spoofing
A method of fooling network end stations into believing that keep alive signals have come from and
returned to the host. Polls are received and returned locally at either end
Static IP Addresses
A static IP address is an IP address permanently assigned to computer in a TCP/IP network. Static IP
addresses are usually assigned to networked devices that are consistently accessed by multiple
users, such as Server PCs, or printers. If you are using your Router to share your cable or DSL
Internet connection, contact your ISP to see if they have assigned your home a static IP address. You
will need that address during your Router's configuration.
Subnet
For routing purposes, IP networks can be divided into logical subnets by using a subnet mask. Values
below those of the mask are valid addresses on the subnet.
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol - The major transport protocol in the Internet suite of protocols provides
reliable, connection-oriented full-duplex streams.
TFTP
Trivial File Transfer Protocol - A simple file transfer protocol (a simplified version of FTP) that is often
used to boot diskless workstations and other network devices such as routers over a network (typically
a LAN).
Telnet
The virtual terminal protocol in the Internet suite of protocols - Allows users of one host to log into a
remote host and act as normal terminal users of that host.
Transparent bridging
So named because the intelligence necessary to make relaying decisions exists in the bridge itself
and is thus transparent to the communicating workstations. It involves frame forwarding, learning
workstation addresses and ensuring no topology loops exist (in conjunction with the Spanning-Tree
algorithm).
UDP
User Datagram Protocol - A connectionless transport protocol that runs on top of TCP/IP's IP. UDP,
like TCP, uses IP for delivery; however, unlike TCP, UDP provides for exchange of datagrams without
acknowledgments or guaranteed delivery. Best suited for small, independent requests, such as
requesting a MIB value from an SNMP agent, in which first setting up a connection would take more
time than sending the data.
UNI signaling
User Network Interface signaling for ATM communications.
Virtual Connection (VC)
A link that seems and behaves like a dedicated point-to-point line or a system that delivers packets in
sequence, as happens on an actual point-to-point network. In reality, the data is delivered across a
network via the most appropriate route. The sending and receiving devices do not have to be aware of
the options and the route is chosen only when a message is sent. There is no pre-arrangement, so
each virtual connection exists only for the duration of that one transmission.