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Appendix A

Technical Specifications

This appendix provides technical specifications for the 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7.

Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility

Data and Routing Protocols:

TCP/IP, RIP-1, RIP-2, DHCP

PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)

Power Adapter

North America:

120V, 60 Hz, input

United Kingdom, Australia:

240V, 50 Hz, input

Europe:

230V, 50 Hz, input

Japan:

100V, 50/60 Hz, input

All regions (output):

12 V DC @ 1A output, 22W maximum

Physical Specifications

Dimensions:

28 x 175 x 119 mm

(1.1 x 6.89 x 4.68 in.)

Weight:

0.3 kg

(0.66 lb)

Environmental Specifications

Operating temperature:

0

°

to 40

°

C

(32º to 104º F)

Operating humidity:

90% maximum relative humidity, noncondensing

Electromagnetic Emissions

Meets requirements of:

FCC Part 15 Class B

VCCI Class B

EN 55 022 (CISPR 22), Class B

C-Tick N10947

MIC, Class B

Interface Specifications

LAN:

10BASE-T or 100BASE-Tx, RJ-45

WAN:

10BASE-T or 100BASE-Tx, RJ-45

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Wireless

Radio Data Rates

1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 54 Mbps

Auto Rate Sensing

Frequency

2.4-2.5Ghz

Data Encoding:

802.11b: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

802.11g: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)

Maximum Computers Per Wireless

Network:

Limited by the amount of wireless network traffic generated by each

node. Typically 30-70 nodes.

Operating Frequency Ranges:

2.412~2.462 GHz (US) 2.457~2.462 GHz (Spain)

2.412~2.484 GHz (Japan)2.457~2.472 GHz (France)

2.412~2.472 GHz (Europe ETSI)

802.11 Security:

40-bits (also called 64-bits) and 128-bits WEP and WPA-PSK

Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics

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Appendix B

Network, Routing, Firewall, and Basics

This chapter provides an overview of IP networks, routing, and networking.

Related Publications

As you read this document, you may be directed to various RFC documents for further

information. An RFC is a Request For Comment (RFC) published by the Internet Engineering

Task Force (IETF), an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet.

The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet. The

documents are listed on the World Wide Web at

www.ietf.org

and are mirrored and indexed at

many other sites worldwide.

Basic Router Concepts

Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area

network (LAN). However, providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can

be very expensive. Because of this expense, Internet access is usually provided by a slower-speed

wide-area network (WAN) link such as a cable or DSL modem. In order to make the best use of the

slower WAN link, a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic

meant for the Internet. The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router.

What is a Router?

A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in

the data and on routing tables maintained by the router. In these routing tables, a router builds up a

logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers

in the network. Using this information, the router chooses the best path for forwarding network

traffic.

Routers vary in performance and scale, number of routing protocols supported, and types of

physical WAN connection they support. The 54 Mbps Wireless Router WGR614v7 is a small

office router that routes the IP protocol over a single-user broadband connection.

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Routing Information Protocol

One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing

Information Protocol (RIP). Using RIP, routers periodically update one another and check for

changes to add to the routing table.

The wireless router supports both the older RIP-1 and the newer RIP-2 protocols. Among other

improvements, RIP-2 supports subnet and multicast protocols. RIP is not required for most home

applications.

IP Addresses and the Internet

Because TCP/IP networks are interconnected across the world, every machine on the Internet must

have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination. Blocks of

addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).

Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the IANA or from

an Internet service provider (ISP). You can contact IANA at www.iana.org.

The Internet Protocol (IP) uses a 32-bit address structure. The address is usually written in dot

notation (also called dotted-decimal notation), in which each group of eight bits is written in

decimal form, separated by decimal points.

For example, the following binary address:

11000011

00100010

00001100

00000111

is normally written as:

195.34.12.7

The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer.

In addition, the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts. The first part of the address

identifies the network, and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network. The

dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application.

There are five standard classes of IP addresses. These address classes have different ways of

determining the network and host sections of the address, allowing for different numbers of hosts

on a network. Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern, which is used by the TCP/IP

software to identify the address class. After the address class has been determined, the software

can correctly identify the host section of the address. The follow figure shows the three main

address classes, including network and host sections of the address for each address type.

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Figure B-1:

Three Main Address Classes

The five address classes are:

•

Class A

Class A addresses can have up to 16,777,214 hosts on a single network. They use an eight-bit

network number and a 24-bit node number. Class A addresses are in this range:

1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x.

•

Class B

Class B addresses can have up to 65,354 hosts on a network. A Class B address uses a 16-bit

network number and a 16-bit node number. Class B addresses are in this range:

128.1.x.x to 191.254.x.x.

•

Class C

Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network. Class C addresses use 24 bits for the

network address and eight bits for the node. They are in this range:

192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.x.

•

Class D

Class D addresses are used for multicasts (messages sent to many hosts). Class D addresses are

in this range:

224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

•

Class E

Class E addresses are for experimental use.

7261

Class A

Network

Node

Class B

Class C

Network

Node

Network

Node