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62
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
Spanning Tree Tab - STP Settings
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
Last Topology Change.
Indicates the amount of time that has elapsed since the bridge was initialized or reset,
and the last topographic change occurred. The time is displayed in a day hour minute second format, for
example, 2 days 5 hours 10 minutes and 4 seconds.
Spanning Tree Tab - STP Settings
Configure the global settings for STP using this screen. Global settings apply to the entire Switch.
Spanning Tree State.
Indicates if STP is enabled on the device.
Spanning Tree Type.
Specifies the type of spanning tree used on the Switch:
•
STP
: Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1D); i.e., when this option is selected, the Switch will use RSTP set
to STP forced compatibility mode).
•
RSTP
: Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1w); RSTP is the default.
Priority.
Specifies the bridge priority value. When switches or bridges are running STP, each is assigned a
priority. After exchanging BPDUs, the device with the lowest priority value becomes the Root Bridge. The default
value is 32768. The port priority value is provided in increments of 4096. For example, 4096, 8192, 12288, etc.
The range is 0 to 65535.
Hello Time.
Specifies the device Hello Time. The Hello Time indicates the amount of time in seconds a root bridge
waits between configuration messages. The default is 2 seconds. The range is 1 to 10 seconds.
Maximum Age.
The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without receiving a configuration message
before attempting to reconfigure. All device ports (except for designated ports) should receive configuration
messages at regular intervals. Any port that ages out STP information (provided in the last configuration
message) becomes the designated port for the attached LAN. If it is a root port, a new root port is selected from
among the device ports attached to the network. (References to “ports” in this section mean “interfaces,” which
includes both ports and LAGs.) The default max age is 20 seconds. The range is 6 to 40 seconds.
Forward Delay.
The maximum time (in seconds) this device will wait before changing states (i.e., discarding to
learning to forwarding). This delay is required because every device must receive information about topology
changes before it starts to forward frames. In addition, each port needs time to listen for conflicting information
that would make it return to a discarding state; otherwise, temporary data loops might result. The default is 15
seconds. The range is 4 to 30 seconds.
Path Cost Method.
The path cost is used to determine the best path between devices. The path cost method is
used to determine the range of values that can be assigned to each interface
Figure 5-44: Spanning Tree - STP Settings
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63
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
Spanning Tree Tab - STP Port Settings
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
•
Long
: Specifies 32-bit based values that range from 1-200,000,000. (This is the default.
•
Short
: Specifies 16-bit based values that range from 1-65535.
Transmission Limit
. The maximum transmission rate for BPDUs is specified by setting the minimum interval
between the transmission of consecutive protocol messages. (Range: 1-10; Default: 3) Modify the required
attributes for STP.
Click
Save Settings
to save the changes.
Spanning Tree Tab - STP Port Settings
The Port Information and LAG Information screens display the current status of ports and LAGs in the Spanning
Tree.
State
. Shows if Spanning Tree has been enabled on this interface.
Status
. Displays current state of this port within the Spanning Tree:
•
Discarding - Port receives STA configuration messages, but does not forward packets.
•
Learning - Port has transmitted configuration messages for an interval set by the Forward Delay
parameter without receiving contradictory information. Port address table is cleared, and the port begins
learning addresses.
•
Forwarding - Port forwards packets, and continues learning addresses.
Forward Transitions
. The number of times this port has transitioned from the Learning state to the Forwarding
state.
Operational Edge Por
t. This parameter is initialized to the setting for Administrative Edge Port in STP Port
Setting detail, but will be set to false if a BPDU is received indicating that another bridge is attached to this port.
Operational Link Type
. The operational point-to-point status of the LAN segment attached to this interface. This
parameter is determined by manual configuration or by auto-detection, as described for Administrative Link Type
in the STP Port Setting detail.
LAG
. Indicates if ports are members of a LAG. To configure STP port settings for LAGs, go to the table entry for the
LAG number, which is listed after port g24 at the end of the table.
Click
Detail
to configure STP Port Settings for an interface.
Figure 5-45: Spanning Tree - STP Port Settings
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64
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
Spanning Tree Tab - STP Port Settings
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
Click
Detail
to configure Path Cost, Priority, Administrative Edge Port (Fast Forwarding), and Administrative Link
Type. Use the text fields provided to edit the values, then click
Apply
.
Designated Cost
. The cost for a packet to travel from this port to the root in the current Spanning Tree
configuration. The slower the media, the higher the cost.
Designated Port
. The port priority and number of the port on the designated port.
Designated Bridge
. The bridge priority and MAC address of the device through which this port must
communicate to reach the root of the Spanning Tree.
Path Cost
. This parameter is used by the STP to determine the best path between devices. Therefore, lower
values should be assigned to ports attached to faster media, and higher values assigned to ports with slower
media. (Path cost takes precedence over port priority.) Note that when the Path Cost Method is set to “short,” the
maximum path cost is 65,535.
•
Range –Ethernet: 200,000-20,000,000
Fast Ethernet: 20,000-2,000,000
Gigabit Ethernet: 2,000-200,000
•
Default –Ethernet – Half duplex: 2,000,000; full duplex: 1,000,000; LAG: 500,000
Fast Ethernet – Half duplex: 200,000; full duplex: 100,000; LAG: 50,000
Gigabit Ethernet – Full duplex: 10,000; LAG: 5,000
Priority
. Defines the priority used for this port in the Spanning Tree Protocol. If the path cost for all ports on a
switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the
Spanning Tree. This makes a port with higher priority less likely to be blocked if the Spanning Tree Protocol is
detecting network loops. Where more than one port is assigned the highest priority, the port with lowest numeric
identifier will be enabled.
•
Default: 128
•
Range: 0-240, in steps of 16
Administrative Edge Port
(Fast Forwarding). You can enable this option if an interface is attached to a LAN
segment that is at the end of a bridged LAN or to an end node. Since end nodes cannot cause forwarding loops,
they can pass directly through to the spanning tree forwarding state. Specifying Edge Ports provides quicker
convergence for devices such as workstations or servers, retains the current forwarding database to reduce the
amount of frame flooding required to rebuild address tables during reconfiguration events, does not cause the
spanning tree to initiate reconfiguration when the interface changes state, and also overcomes other STA-related
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65
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
Spanning Tree Tab - STP Port Settings
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
timeout problems. However, remember that Edge Port should only be enabled for ports connected to an end-node
device. (Default: Disabled)
Administrative Link Type
. The link type attached to this interface.
•
Point-to-Point – A connection to exactly one other bridge.
•
Shared – A connection to two or more bridges.
•
Auto – The Switch automatically determines if the interface is attached to a point-to-point link or to shared
media. (This is the default setting.)
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66
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
Multicast Tab - Global Settings
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
Multicast Tab - Global Settings
You can configure the Switch to forward multicast traffic intelligently. Based on the IGMP query and report
messages, the Switch forwards traffic only to the ports that request multicast traffic. This prevents the Switch
from broadcasting the traffic to all ports and possibly disrupting network performance.
IGMP Status
. When enabled, the Switch will monitor network traffic to determine which hosts want to receive
multicast traffic. This is also referred to as IGMP Snooping. (Default: Enabled).
IGMP Querier Status
. When enabled, the Switch can serve as the Querier, which is responsible for asking hosts
if they want to receive multicast traffic. (Default: Enabled).
IGMP Query Count
. Sets the maximum number of queries issued for which there has been no response before
the Switch takes action to drop a client from the multicast group. (Range: 2-10; Default: 2)
IGMP Query Interval
. Sets the frequency at which the Switch sends IGMP host-query messages. (Range: 60-125
seconds; Default: 125)
IGMP Report Delay
. Sets the time between receiving an IGMP Report for an IP multicast address on a port before
the Switch sends an IGMP Query out of that port and removes the entry from its list. (Range: 5-25 seconds;
Default: 10)
IGMP Query Timeout
. The time the Switch waits after the previous querier stops before it considers the router
port (i.e., the interface which had been receiving query packets) to have expired. (Range: 300-500 seconds;
Default: 300)
IGMP Version
. Sets the protocol version for compatibility with other devices on the network. (Range: 1-2;
Default: 2)
Click
Save Settings
to save the changes.
Figure 5-46: Multicast - Global Settings
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