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57
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
QoS Tab - DSCP Settings
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
QoS Tab - DSCP Settings
The Switch supports a common method of prioritizing layer 3/4 traffic to meet application requirements. Traffic
priorities can be specified in the IP header of a frame using the priority bits in the Type of Service (ToS) octet. If
priority bits are used, the ToS octet may contain six bits for Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) service.
When these services are enabled, the priorities are mapped to a Class of Service value by the Switch and the
traffic then sent to the corresponding output queue. Because different priority information may be contained in
the traffic, the Switch maps priority values to the output queues in the following manner:
The precedence for priority mapping is DSCP Priority and then Default Port Priority.
To enable DSCP priority mapping, select
DSCP Priority Status
.
Priority Status
. Enables the DSCP priority mapping. (Enabled is the default setting.)
DSCP to CoS
. Maps Differentiated Services Code Point values to CoS values.
Click
Save Settings
to save the changes.
QoS Tab - Diffserv Settings
The commands described in this section are used to configure Quality of Service (QoS) classification criteria and
service policies. Differentiated Services (DiffServ) provides policy-based management mechanisms used for
prioritizing network resources to meet the requirements of specific traffic types on a per hop basis. Each packet
is classified upon entry into the network based on access lists, IP Precedence, DSCP values, or VLAN lists. Using
access lists allows you select traffic based on Layer 2, Layer 3, or Layer 4 information contained in each packet.
Based on configured network policies, different kinds of traffic can be marked for different kinds of forwarding.
All switches or routers that access the Internet rely on class information to provide the same forwarding
treatment to packets in the same class. Class information can be assigned by end hosts, or switches or routers
along the path. Priority can then be assigned based on a general policy, or a detailed examination of the packet.
However, note that detailed examination of packets should take place close to the network edge so that core
switches and routers are not overloaded.Switches and routers along the path can use class information to
prioritize the resources allocated to different traffic classes. The manner in which an individual device handles
traffic in the DiffServ architecture is called per-hop behavior. All devices along a path should be configured in a
consistent manner to construct a consistent end-to-end QoS solution.
Figure 5-38: QoS - Diffserv Settings
Figure 5-37: QoS - DSCP Settings
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58
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
QoS Tab - Diffserv Settings
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
Class Map
A class map is used for matching packets to a specified class. The class map uses the Access Control List
filtering engine, so you must also set an ACL to enable filtering for the criteria specified in the class map.
The class map is used with a policy map to create a service policy for a specific interface that defines packet
classification, service tagging, and bandwidth policing. Note that one or more class maps can be assigned to a
policy map.
Class Name
. Name of the class map. (Range: 1-32 characters)
Type
. Only one match command is permitted per class map, so the match-any field refers to the criteria specified
by the lone match command.
Description
. A brief description of a class map. (Range: 1-256 characters)
Add
. Creates a new class map using the entered class name and description.
Edit Class Element
. Modifies the class map criteria used to classify ingress traffic.
Remove
. Removes the selected class from the list.
Select the entry from the table that you wish to change, then click
Edit Class Element
. Add rules to a selected
class using the ACL list drop-down menu or the IP DSCP, IP Precedence and VLAN text fields provided, then click
Add
.
Class Rule
. Edits the rules for the class by specifying the type of traffic based on an access list, a DSCP or IP
Precedence value, or a VLAN.
•
ACL. Name of an access control list. Any type of ACL can be specified, including standard or extended IP ACLs
and MAC ACLs. (Range: 1-16 characters)
•
IP DSCP. A DSCP value. (Range: 0-63)
•
IP Precedence. An IP Precedence value. (Range: 0-7)
•
VLAN. A VLAN value. (Range: 1-4094)
Add
. Adds the specified criteria to the class. Only one entry is permitted per class.
Remove
. Deletes the selected criteria from the class.
Figure 5-39: QoS - Diffserv Settings - Edit Class Element
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59
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
QoS Tab - Diffserv Settings
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
Policy Map
A policy map can contain multiple class statements that can be applied to the same interface with the Service
Policy Settings. You can configure up to 63 policers (that is, class maps) for Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet
ingress ports.
Policing is based on a token bucket, where bucket depth (that is, the maximum burst before the bucket
overflows) is by specified the “Burst” field, and the average rate tokens are removed from the bucket is by
specified by the “Rate” option.
After using the policy map to define packet classification, service tagging, and bandwidth policing, it must be
assigned to a specific interface by a service policy to take effect.
Policy name
. The name of the policy map. (Range: 1-32 characters for the name)
Description
. A brief description of the Policy. (Range 1-256 characters for the description)
Click
Add
to create a new policy, or select a policy and click “Edit Policy Element” to change the policy rules of
the selected policy, or Remove Policy to delete the policy.
Class Name
. Name of class map. Use the drop-down menu to select a different policy.
Action
. Configures the service provided to ingress traffic by setting a CoS, DSCP, or IP Precedence value in a
matching packet. (Range - CoS: 0-7, DSCP: 0-63, IP Precedence: 0-7)
Enable Meter
. Check this to define the maximum throughput, burst rate, and the action that results from a policy
violation.
•
Rate (kbps) – Rate in kilobits per second. (Range: 1-100000 kbps or maximum port speed, whichever is
lower)
•
Burst (byte) – Burst in bytes. (Range: 64-1522)Exceed. Specifies whether the traffic that exceeds the
specified rate or burst will be dropped or the DSCP service level will be reduced.
•
Exceed Action – Specifies whether the traffic that exceeds the specified rate or burst will be dropped or the
DSCP service level will be reduced.
Set – Decreases DSCP priority for out of conformance traffic. (Range: 0-63).
Drop – Drops non-conforming traffic.
Add
. Adds the specified criteria to the policy map.
Remove
. Deletes a class from a policy.
Figure 5-40: QoS - Diffserv Settings - Edit Policy Element
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60
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
QoS Tab - Diffserv Port Binding
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
Add classes to a selected policy and set the Action, Meter, Rate, Burst and Exceed values using the drop-down
menus and fields provided then click
Add
.
QoS Tab - Diffserv Port Binding
This function binds a policy map to the ingress queue of a particular interface. You must first define a class map,
set an ACL mask to match the criteria defined in the class map, then define a policy map, and finally bind the
service policy to the required interface. You can only bind one policy map to an interface. The current firmware
does not allow you to bind a policy map to an egress queue.
Select
Policy Map
for a port from the drop-down menu.
Click
Save Settings
to save the changes.
QoS Tab - Bandwidth
This function allows the network manager to control the maximum rate for traffic transmitted or received on an
interface. Rate limiting is configured on interfaces at the edge of a network to limit traffic coming out of the
Switch. Traffic that falls within the rate limit is transmitted, while packets that exceed the acceptable amount of
traffic are dropped.
Rate limiting can be applied to individual ports or LAGs. When an interface is configured with this feature, the
traffic rate will be monitored by the hardware to verify conformity. Non-conforming traffic is dropped, conforming
traffic is forwarded without any changes.
Port
. Displays the port or LAG number.
Status
. Enables the rate limit (input or output) for the port or LAG. (Default: Disabled)
Rate Limit
(Kbits/sec). Sets the rate limit level for the port or LAG. For Fast Ethernet ports the default is
100000Kbits/sec (Range: 64-100000). For Gigabit Ethernet ports the default is 1000000Kbits/sec (Range: 64-
1000000).
LAG
. Indicates if ports are members of a LAG. To configure a rate limit for LAGs, go to the table entry for the LAG
number, which is listed after port g24 at the end of the table.
Set the Input Rate Limit Status or Output Rate Limit Status, then set the rate limit for individual interfaces or
LAGs, then click
Save Settings
.
Figure 5-41: QoS - Diffserv Port Binding
Figure 5-42: QoS - Bandwidth
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61
Chapter 5: Using the Web-based Utility for Configuration
Spanning Tree Tab
24-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Switch with Webview and PoE
Spanning Tree Tab
The Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links
between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the Switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, an
STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two
stations on the network, and provide backup links which automatically take over when a primary link goes
down.Loops occur when alternate routes exist between hosts. Loops in an extended network can cause bridges
to forward traffic indefinitely, resulting in increased traffic and reducing network efficiency.
Spanning Tree Tab - Global Settings
You can display a summary of the current bridge STA information that applies to the entire Switch using the
Information screen.This screen displays the following information.
Spanning Tree State.
Indicates if STA is enabled on the device.
Spanning Tree Mode.
Indicates the STA mode by which STP is enabled on the device.
Bridge ID.
Identifies the Bridge priority and MAC address.
Designated Root.
Indicates the ID of the bridge with the lowest path cost to the instance ID.
Root Port.
Indicates the port number that offers the lowest cost path from this bridge to the Root Bridge. It is
significant when the Bridge is not the Root. The default is zero.
Root Path Cost.
The cost of the path from this bridge to the root.
Root Maximum Age.
Indicates the device Maximum Age Time. The Maximum Age Time indicates the amount of
time in seconds a bridge waits before sending configuration messages. The default max age is 20 seconds. The
range is 6 to 40 seconds.
Root Hello Time.
Indicates the device Hello Time. The Hello Time indicates the amount of time in seconds a root
bridge waits between configuration messages. The default is 2 seconds. The range is 1 to 10 seconds.
Root Forward delay.
Indicates the device forward delay time. The Forward Delay Time indicates the amount of
time in seconds a bridge remains in a listening and learning state before forwarding packets. The default is 15
seconds. The range is 4 to 30 seconds.
Topology Changes Counts.
Indicates the total amount of STP state changes that have occurred.
Figure 5-43: Spanning Tree - Global Settings
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