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EtherFast
®
Cable/DSL VPN Router with 4-Port 10/100 Switch
75
Instant Broadband
®
Series
74
Appendix B: Maximizing VPN
Security
Just as you maximized your network security with a firewall router, you should
also maximize security for your data with the VPN Router.
IPSec is compatible with most VPN endpoints and ensures privacy and authen-
tication for data, while authenticating user identification. With IPSec, authen-
tication is based upon the PC's IP Address. This not only confirms the user's
identity but also establishes the secure tunnel at the network layer, protecting
all data that passes through.
By operating at the network layer, IPSec is independent of any applications
running on the network. This way, it doesn't harm your PC's performance and
still allows you to do more with greater security. Still, it is important to note
that IPSec encryption does create a slight slowdown in network throughput,
due to encrypting and decrypting data.
Some VPNs will still leave the IP headers decrypted. These headers contain the
IP Addresses for the users at both ends of the VPN tunnel and can be utilized
by the hacker in future attacks. The VPN Router, however, does not leave the
IP headers decrypted. Using a method called PFS (Perfect Forward Secrecy),
not only are the IP headers encrypted but the secret keys used to secure the tun-
nel are encrypted as well.
All of this protection actually comes at a lower cost than most VPN endpoint
software packages. The VPN Router will allow the users on your network to
secure their data over the Internet without having to purchase the extra client
licenses that other VPN hardware manufacturers and software packages will
require. With VPN functions handled by the router, rather than your PC (which
software packages would require), this frees up your PCs to perform more
functions, more efficiently. An additional benefit is that you aren't required to
reconfigure any of your network PCs.
As secure as the VPN Router makes your data, there are still more ways to max-
imize security. The following are a few suggestions on how to increase data
security beyond the VPN Router.
1)
Maximize security on your other networks. Install firewall routers for your
Internet connections, and use the most up-to-date security measures for
wireless networking.
2)
Narrow the scope of your VPN tunnel as much as possible. Rather than
allowing a range of IP Addresses, use the addresses specific to the end-
points required.
3)
Do not set the Remote Security Group to Any, as this will open the VPN to
any IP Address. Host a specific IP address.
4)
Maximize encryption and authentication. Use 3DES encryption and SHA
authentication whenever possible.
5)
Manage your pre-shared keys. Change pre-shared keys regularly.
Data transmission over the Internet is a hole in network security that is often
overlooked. With VPN maximized, along with the use of a firewall router and
wireless security, you can secure your data even when it leaves your network.
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Page 42 / 63
EtherFast
®
Cable/DSL VPN Router with 4-Port 10/100 Switch
77
Instant Broadband
®
Series
76
Appendix C: Configuring IPSec
between a Windows 2000 or XP
P C and the VPN Router
This document demonstrates how to establish a secure IPSec tunnel using pre-
shared keys to join a private network inside the VPN Router and a Windows
2000 or XP PC. You can find detailed information on configuring the Windows
2000 server at the Microsoft website:
Microsoft KB Q252735 - How to Configure IPSec Tunneling in Windows 2000
Microsoft KB Q257225 - Basic IPSec Troubleshooting in Windows 2000
The IP addresses and other specifics mentioned in this appendix are for illus-
tration purposes only.
Windows 2000 or Windows XP
IP Address: 140.111.1.2 <= User ISP provides IP Address; this is only an
example.
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
BEFSX41
WAN IP Address: 140.111.1.1 <= User ISP provides IP Address; this is only an
example.
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
LAN IP Address: 192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Introduction
Environment
1.
Click the
Start
button, select
Run
, and type
secpol.msc
in the Open field.
The Local Security Setting screen will appear as shown in Figure C-1.
2.
Right-click
IP Security Policies on Local Computer
, and click
Create IP
Security Policy
.
3.
Click the
Next
button, and then enter a name for your policy (for example,
to_router
). Then, click
Next
.
4.
Deselect the
Activate the default response rule
check box, and then click
the
Next
button.
5.
Click the
Finish
button, making sure the
Edit
check box is checked.
Step One: Create an IPSec Policy
Figure C-1
Note:
Keep a record of any changes you make. Those changes will be
identical in the Windows “secpol” application and the Router’s Web-
Based Utility.
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Page 43 / 63
EtherFast
®
Cable/DSL VPN Router with 4-Port 10/100 Switch
79
Instant Broadband
®
Series
78
Filter List 1: win->router
1.
In the new policy’s prop-
erties screen, verify that
the
Rules
tab is selected,
as shown in Figure C-2.
Deselect the
Use Add
Wizard
check box, and
click the
Add
button to
create a new rule.
2.
Make sure the
IP Filter
List
tab is selected, and
click the
Add
button.
Figure C-2
Figure C-3
Note:
The references
in this section to
“win” are references
to Windows
2000
and XP.
Step Two: Build Filter Lists
3.
The
IP Filter List
screen should appear, as shown in Figure C-4. Enter an
appropriate name, such as
win->router
, for the filter list, and de-select the
Use Add Wizard
check box. Then, click the
Add
button.
4.
The
Filters Properties
screen will appear, as
shown in Figure C-5.
Select the
Addressing
tab.
In
the
Source
address field, select
My
IP Address
.
In
the
Destination
address
field, select
A specific
IP Subnet
, and fill in the
IP Address:
192.168.1.0
and
Subnet
mask:
255.255.255.0
.
(These
are the Router’s default
settings. If you have
changed these settings,
enter your new values.)
Figure C-5
Figure C-4
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EtherFast
®
Cable/DSL VPN Router with 4-Port 10/100 Switch
81
Instant Broadband
®
Series
80
5.
If you want to enter a description for your filter, click the
Description
tab
and enter the description there.
6.
Click the
OK
button. Then, click the
OK
(for Windows XP) or
Close
(for
Windows 2000) button on the
IP Filter List
window.
Filter List 2: router=>win
7.
The
New Rule Properties
screen will appear, as shown in Figure C-6. Select
the
IP Filter List
tab, and make sure that
win -> router
is highlighted.
Then, click the
Add
button.
Figure C-6
8.
The
IP Filter List
screen should appear, as shown in Figure C-7. Enter an
appropriate name, such as
router->win
for the filter list,
and de-select the
Use Add Wizard
check box. Click the
Add
button.
9.
The
Filters Properties
screen will appear, as
shown in Figure C-8.
Select the
Addressing
tab.
In
the
Source
address field, select
A
specific IP Subnet
, and
enter the IP Address:
192.168.1.0
and Subnet
mask:
255.255.255.0
.
(Enter your new values if
you have changed the
default settings.) In the
Destination
address
field,
select
My
IP
Address
.
Figure C-7
Figure C-8
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EtherFast
®
Cable/DSL VPN Router with 4-Port 10/100 Switch
83
Instant Broadband
®
Series
82
10. If you want to enter a description for your filter, click the
Description
tab
and enter the description there.
11. Click the
OK
button and the
New Rule Properties
screen should appear
with the IP Filer List tab selected, as shown in Figure C-9. There should
now be a listing for “router -> win” and “win -> router”. Click the
OK
(for
WinXP) or
Close
(for Win2000) button on the
IP Filter List
window.
Figure C-9
Tunnel 1: win->router
1.
From the
IP Filter List
tab, shown in Figure C-
10, click the filter list
win->router
.
2.
Click the
Filter Action
tab (as in Figure C-11),
and click the filter action
Require Security
radio
button. Then, click the
Edit
button.
Figure C-11
Figure C-10
Step Three: Configure Individual Tunnel Rules
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