LevelOne WBR-3408 Router Manual PDF (Setup & Configuration Guide)

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Appendix A - Troubleshooting

106

Problem 2:

Some applications do not run properly when using the Wireless

Router.

Solution 2:

The Wireless Router processes the data passing through it, so it is

not transparent.

For incoming connections, you must use the Virtual Server or Firewall

Rules to specify the PC which will receive the incoming traffic.

You can also use the

DMZ

function. This should work with almost

every application, but:



It is a security risk, since the firewall is disabled.



Only one (1) PC can use this feature.

Wireless Access

Problem 1:

My PC can't locate the Wireless Access Point.

Solution 1:

Check the following.



Your PC is set to

Infrastructure Mode

. (Access Points are always

in

Infrastructure Mode

)



The SSID on your PC and the Wireless Access Point are the

same.

Remember that the SSID is case-sensitive. So, for example

"Workgroup" does NOT match "workgroup".



Both your PC and the Wireless Router must have the same

setting for WEP. The default setting for the Wireless Router is

disabled, so your wireless station should also have WEP dis-

abled.



If WEP is enabled on the Wireless Router, your PC must have

WEP enabled, and the key must match.



If the Wireless Router's

Wireless

screen is set to

Allow Trusted

PCs only

, then each of your Wireless stations must have been

designated as "Trusted", or the Wireless station will be blocked.



To see if radio interference is causing a problem, see if connec-

tion is possible when close to the Wireless Router.

Remember that the connection range can be as little as 100 feet

in poor environments.

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107

Problem 2:

Wireless connection speed is very slow.

Solution 2:

The wireless system will connect at the highest possible speed,

depending on the distance and the environment. To obtain the high-

est possible connection speed, you can experiment with the following:



Wireless Router location.

Try adjusting the location and orientation of the Wireless Router.



Wireless Channel

If interference is the problem, changing to another channel may

show a marked improvement.



Radio Interference

Other devices may be causing interference. You can experiment

by switching other devices Off, and see if this helps. Any "noisy"

devices should be shielded or relocated.



RF Shielding

Your environment may tend to block transmission between the

wireless stations. This will mean high access speed is only possi-

ble when close to the Wireless Router.

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108

Appendix B

About Wireless LANs

This Appendix provides some background information about using

Wireless LANs (WLANs).

Modes

Wireless LANs can work in either of two (2) modes:



Ad-hoc



Infrastructure

Ad-hoc Mode

Ad-hoc mode does not require an Access Point or a wired (Ethernet) LAN.

Wireless Stations (e.g. notebook PCs with wireless cards) communicate directly

with each other.

Infrastructure Mode

In Infrastructure Mode, one or more Access Points are used to connect Wire-

less Stations (e.g. Notebook PCs with wireless cards) to a wired (Ethernet) LAN.

The Wireless Stations can then access all LAN resources.

Access Points can only function in "Infrastructure" mode,

and can communicate only with Wireless Stations which are

set to "Infrastructure" mode.

BSS/ESS

BSS

A group of Wireless Stations and a single Access Point, all using the same ID

(SSID), form a Basic Service Set (BSS).

Using the same SSID is essential

. Devices with different SSIDs are unable to

communicate with each other.

ESS

A group of Wireless Stations, and multiple Access Points, all using the same ID

(ESSID), form an Extended Service Set (ESS).

Different Access Points within an ESS can use different Channels. In fact, to re-

duce interference, it is recommended that adjacent Access Points SHOULD use

different channels.

As Wireless Stations are physically moved through the area covered by an ESS,

they will automatically change to the Access Point which has the least interference

or best performance. This capability is called

Roaming

. (Access Points do not have

or require Roaming capabilities.)

B

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Appendix B - About Wireless LANs

109

Channels

The Wireless Channel sets the radio frequency used for communication.



Access Points use a fixed Channel. You can select the Channel used. This

allows you to choose a Channel which provides the least interference and best

performance. In the USA and Canada, 11 channels are available. If using mul-

tiple Access Points, it is better if adjacent Access Points use different Channels

to reduce interference.



In "Infrastructure" mode, Wireless Stations normally scan all Channels, looking

for an Access Point. If more than one Access Point can be used, the one with

the strongest signal is used. (This can only happen within an ESS.)



If using "Ad-hoc" mode (no Access Point), all Wireless stations should be set to

use the same Channel. However, most Wireless stations will still scan all

Channels to see if there is an existing "Ad-hoc" group they can join.

WEP

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) is a standard for encrypting data before it is

transmitted.

This is desirable because it is impossible to prevent snoopers from receiving any

data which is transmitted by your Wireless Stations. But if the data is encrypted,

then it is meaningless unless the receiver can decrypt it.

If WEP is used, the Wireless Stations and the Access Point must have the

same settings for each of the following:

WEP

Off, 64 Bit, 128 Bit

Key

For 64 Bit encryption, the Key value must match.

For 128 Bit encryption, the Key value must match

WEP Authentication

Open System or Shared Key.

WPA-PSK

WPA-PSK is another standard for encrypting data before it is transmitted. This is a

later standard than WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), and provides greater security

for your data. Data is encrypted using a 256Bit key which is automatically generated

and changed often.

If all your Wireless stations support WPA-PSK, you should use this instead of WEP.

If WPA-PSK is used, the Wireless Stations and the Access Point must have

the same settings for each of the following:

WPA PSK

(Pre-shared Key)

Enter the same value on every station and the AP. The

PSK must be from 8 to 63 characters in length. The

256Bit key used for the actual encryption is derived

from this key.

Encryption

The same encryption method must be used. The most

common encryption method is TKIP. Another widely-

supported method is AES.

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Appendix B - About Wireless LANs

110

WPA2-PSK

This is a later version of WPA (WPA-PSK). The major change is the use of AES

(Advanced Encryption System) for protecting data. AES is very secure, considered

to be unbreakable. The PSK (Pre-shared Key) must be entered on each Wireless

station.

If WPA2-PSK is used, the Wireless Stations and the Access Point must have

the same settings for each of the following:

WPA2 PSK

(Pre-shared Key)

Enter the same value on every station and the AP. The

PSK must be from 8 to 63 characters in length. The

256Bit key used for the actual encryption is derived

from this key.

Encryption

The same encryption method must be used. The most

common encryption method is TKIP. Another widely-

supported method is AES.

WPA-802.1x

WPA-802.1x - This version of WPA requires a Radius Server on your LAN to

provide the client authentication according to the 802.1x standard. Data transmis-

sions are encrypted using the WPA standard.

If this option is used:



The Access Point must have a "client login" on the Radius Server.



Each user must have a "user login" on the Radius Server.



Each user's wireless client must support 802.1x and provide the login data

when required.



All data transmission is encrypted using the WPA standard. Keys are automati-

cally generated, so no key input is required.

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