FRITZ WLAN 7360 v2 Router Manual PDF (Setup & Configuration Guide)

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166

Glossary

IPv6 addresses are structured differently from IPv4 address-

es. IP addresses can be written in decimal, octal or hexadeci-

mal format.

IP masquerading

IP masquerading is a technique used within IPv4 networks.

With IP masquerading a computer or LAN can be protected

from unauthorized connection requests from the Internet.

Masquerading works by converting the IP addresses used in a

network to one public IP address. From the outside it appears

as if all requests are sent from a single computer.

IP network

A network in which data exchange takes place on the basis of

the Internet Protocol (IP) is called an IP network.

NAS functionality

NAS is short for Network Attached Storage

NAS designates one or more devices that are integrated into a

network to provide storage space.

In connection with the FRITZ!Box, NAS functionality means

that various services for connected USB storage media are

available in the FRITZ!Box so that it easier for you to use your

data and make them available in the local network. It is easy

to exchange documents in the local network via the storage

medium on the FRITZ!Box. The media server makes music, im-

ages and videos in the network available to compatible play-

back devices. Files can also be released for sharing in the In-

ternet, and local memory expanded by adding online storage.

NAT

short for Network Address Translation

NAT is a technique used within IPv4 networks. NAT is used in

routers to replace the address information in data packets

with new address information. A typical application for NAT is

routers that connect local networks with the Internet. In local

networks, every network device has a private IP address,

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Glossary

167

while generally there is only one public IP address available

for the Internet. To grant the network devices access to the In-

ternet, the router replaces the private IP address of the send-

er with its own public IP address in all outgoing data packets.

The router saves all necessary information in a table so that

incoming data packets can then be assigned to the correct

network device.

port

So that a single network connection on a computer can be

used by multiple applications to exchange data with remote

sites at the same time, a computer administers what are

known as ports for the IP-based protocols TCP and UDP. Ports

substantiate the point of access for the data packets deliv-

ered via the IP Internet protocol. While the IP address deter-

mines the destination computer quite generally, the port ad-

dresses the communication interface provided by an applica-

tion for a certain communication procedure.

The Internet protocol allots 16 bits for the specification of the

port number. Thus a total of 65,535 different port numbers

can be specified. Ports up to port number 1,024 are reserved

for special system applications and typical Internet applica-

tions. These include, for instance, the port numbers 21 for

FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 25 for SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer

Protocol), 53 for DNS (Domain Name Service) and 80 for HTTP

(Hypertext Transfer Protocol).

Ports are primarily of interest to users for their role in protect-

ing an Internet connection from external attacks. Most fire-

walls offer the possibility of preventing data traffic on certain

ports. This means that certain port numbers can be blocked

to prevent data from being delivered to system services. This

is also a way of preventing any Trojans (malicious applica-

tions opening backdoors on your computer) that may have in-

fected your computer from receiving data on ports it created

as means of accessing your computer for potentially damag-

ing activities. A firewall blocks most of the atypical port num-

bers not required for normal operation of an application and

offers specialized users the opportunity to forward specified

ports.

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168

Glossary

port forwarding

With port forwarding it is possible to specify ports that will al-

low all incoming or outgoing data packets to pass through a

router or firewall.

If a computer from the local network offers server services, for

instance, the settings of a router using NAT

(

see glossary

) or

IP masquerading (

see glossary

) must enable or forward the

port used by the server service for access to incoming data

packets and thus keep it open permanently. The private IP ad-

dress of the given computer must be saved as the destination

address for all of the packets arriving at the port.

Typical server applications that require port forwarding are

FTP and Web servers. To allow access to a computer via re-

mote management software like Symantec pcAnywhere or Mi-

crosoft’s Remote Desktop, or even use of a file-sharing pro-

gram like eDonkey, the required ports must be released for

port forwarding. Port forwarding settings for the most impor-

tant application cases are quite simple as long as the set-

tings of the router or the firewall already contain rules with a

corresponding preconfiguration.

private IP address

Private IP addresses are used for computers and other net-

work devices within local IPv4 networks.

Since many local IP networks are not connected to the Inter-

net except via single computers or routers (gateway), certain

address ranges are excluded from the publicly available IP

addresses so that they are available for assignment in local IP

networks. An IP address may only be assigned once within

the local network. A private IP address may exist in any num-

ber of other local networks.

public IP address

A public IP address is an IP address (

see glossary

) valid in the

Internet. Every computer or router participating in the Internet

must have a uniquely assigned public IP address. This ad-

dress is usually negotiated dynamically with the Internet Ser-

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Glossary

169

vice Provider when a connection to the Internet is dialed. The

Internet Service Provider assigns the negotiated IP address to

the computer or router for the duration of an Internet session.

remote configuration

TR-069

(

see glossary

)

splitter

DSL splitter

(

see glossary

)

Stick & Surf

Stick & Surf is a technique developed by AVM for the fast,

simple, error-free and secure configuration of radio networks.

This technique allows for the straightforward transmission of

all important parameters of a radio network from the WLAN

base station to any computer that is to be added to the radio

network.

In this process the radio parameters used, including the

WLAN channel, SSID and WLAN standard used, as well as se-

curity parameters like the encryption method and network

key, are transferred almost fully automatically from the WLAN

base station to the computer with the WLAN client that is to

be connected.

subnet mask

The subnet mask indicates which part of an IP address (

see

glossary

) is the network address and which the address of

the computer. The network address defines what is called the

subnet.

subnetwork

A local IP network can consist of one subnetwork or be divid-

ed into multiple subnetworks. The division into subnetworks

is performed when the local IP network is configured. The

subnetworks of a local IP network are also IP networks (

see

glossary

).

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170

Glossary

switch

A switch is a device that connects multiple network devices

with each other, for instance through an Ethernet.

In contrast to a hub, a switch can establish direct connections

between the connected devices. This makes it possible to

send data packets directly to specific recipients.

The entire data throughput is at the disposal of every con-

nected device.

TCP/IP

short for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

TCP/IP is the “language” of the Internet. TCP/IP is used to re-

fer to a suite of protocols used for data communication over

the Internet. TCP and IP are the network and transport proto-

cols underlying most Internet services, including file transfer

(FTP) and e-mail communication (SMTP). TCP/IP is available

for practically all computer systems. TCP/IP thus offers the

advantage of trouble-free communication between otherwise

incompatible networks and systems.

TR-069

TR-069 is a technical directive that simplifies the automatic

configuration of Internet access devices like the FRITZ!Box.

TR-069 describes the remote configuration of Internet access

devices. In remote configuration the access and account data

are automatically transmitted to the FRITZ!Box by the Internet

provider. These may include the account data for the Internet

connection, Internet telephone numbers and login data for In-

ternet telephony, or both.

The Internet Service Provider saves the data to be transmitted

on what is called an Auto Configuration Server (ACS). When

the FRITZ!Box is connected with the broadband line (for in-

stance, DSL), the data can be transferred automatically from

the ACS to the FRITZ!Box. This relieves the user of the task of

manually setting up the Internet connection and/or Internet

telephone numbers in the FRITZ!Box.

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