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Ethernet:
A standard for computer networks. Ethernet networks are connected by special cables and hubs, and move
data around at up to 10/100 million bits per second (Mbps).
Idle Timeout:
Idle Timeout is designed so that after there is no traffic to the Internet for a pre-configured amount of time, the
connection will automatically be disconnected.
IP Address and Network (Subnet) Mask:
IP stands for Internet Protocol. An IP address consists of a series of four
numbers separated by periods, that identifies a single, unique Internet computer host in an IP network. Example:
192.168.2.1. It consists of 2 portions: the IP network address, and the host identifier.
The IP address is a 32-bit binary pattern, which can be represented as four cascaded decimal numbers separated by “.”:
aaa.aaa.aaa.aaa, where each “aaa” can be anything from 000 to 255, or as four cascaded binary numbers separated by
“.”: bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb, where each “b” can either be 0 or 1.
A network mask is also a 32-bit binary pattern, and consists of consecutive leading 1’s followed by consecutive trailing
0’s, such as 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000. Therefore sometimes a network mask can also be described simply
as “x” number of leading 1’s.
When both are represented side by side in their binary forms, all bits in the IP address that correspond to 1’s in the
network mask become part of the IP network address, and the remaining bits correspond to the host ID.
For example, if the IP address for a device is, in its binary form,
11011001.10110000.1001
0000.00000111, and if its network mask is, 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000
It means the device’s network address is 11011001.10110000.1001
0000.00000000, and its host ID is,
00000000.00000000.00000000.00000111
. This is a convenient and efficient method for routers to route IP packets to
their destination.
ISP Gateway Address:
(see ISP for definition). The ISP Gateway Address is an IP address for the Internet router
located at the ISP's office.
ISP:
Internet Service Provider. An ISP is a business that provides connectivity to the Internet for individuals and other
businesses or organizations.
LAN:
Local Area Network. A LAN is a group of computers and devices connected together in a relatively small area
(such as a house or an office). Your home network is considered a LAN.
MAC Address:
MAC stands for Media Access Control. A MAC address is the hardware address of a device connected to
a network. The MAC address is a unique identifier for a device with an Ethernet interface. It is comprised of two parts: 3
bytes of data that corresponds to the Manufacturer ID (unique for each manufacturer), plus 3 bytes that are often used as
the product’s serial number.
NAT:
Network Address Translation. This process allows all of the computers on your home network to use one IP
address. Using the broadband router’s NAT capability, you can access the Internet from any computer on your home
network without having to purchase more IP addresses from your ISP.
Port:
Network Clients (LAN PC) uses port numbers to distinguish one network application/protocol over another. Below
is a list of common applications and protocol/port numbers:
Application
Protocol
Port Number
Telnet
TCP
23
FTP
TCP
21
SMTP
TCP
25
POP3
TCP
110
H.323
TCP
1720
SNMP
UCP
161
SNMP Trap
UDP
162
HTTP
TCP
80
PPTP
TCP
1723
PC Anywhere
TCP
5631
PC Anywhere
UDP
5632
PPPoE:
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. Point-to-Point Protocol is a secure data transmission method originally
created for dial-up connections; PPPoE is for Ethernet connections.
PPPoE
relies on two widely accepted standards,
Ethernet and the Point-to-Point Protocol. It is a communications protocol for transmitting information over Ethernet
between different manufacturers
Protocol:
A protocol is a set of rules for interaction agreed upon between multiple parties so that when they interface
with each other based on such a protocol, the interpretation of their behavior is well defined and can be made objectively,
without confusion or misunderstanding.
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