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DSL-G604T 54Mbps Wireless ADSL2/2+ Modem/Router Manual
B
IP Address Setup
The DSL-G604T is designed to provide network administrators maximum flexibility for IP addressing
on the Ethernet LAN. The easiest IP setup choice in most cases is to let the Router do it using DHCP,
which is enabled by default. This appendix briefly describes various options including DHCP, used for
IP setup on a LAN. If you are new to IP networking, the next appendix provides some background
information on basic IP concepts.
Assigning Network IP Addresses
The IP address settings, which include the IP address, subnet mask and gateway IP address are the first
and most important internal network settings that need to be configured. The Router is assigned a
default LAN IP address and subnet mask. If you do not have a pre-existing IP network and are setting
one up now, using the factory default IP address settings can greatly ease the setup process. If you
already have a pre-existing IP network, you can adjust the IP settings for the Router to fit within your
existing scheme.
Using the Default IP Address
The Router is shipped with a preset default IP address setting of 10.1.1.1 for the LAN port. There are
two ways to use this default IP address, you can manually assign an IP address and subnet mask for
each PC on the LAN or you can instruct the Router to automatically assign them using DHCP. The
simplest method is to use DHCP. The DHCP function is active by default.
Manual IP Address Assignment
Manually configuring IP settings for the LAN means you must manually set an IP address, subnet
mask and IP address of the default gateway (the Router’s IP address) on each networked computer.
The example listed below describes IP configuration for computers running Windows 95 or Windows
98. Regardless of what operating system is used on each workstation, the three network IP settings
must be defined so the network interface used by each workstation can be identified by the Router, and
vice versa. For detailed information about configuring your workstations IP settings, consult the user’s
guide included with the operating system or the network interface card (NIC).
1.
In Windows 95/98, click on the
Start
button, go to
Settings
and choose
Control Panel
.
2.
In the window that opens, double-click on the
Network
icon.
3.
Under the Configuration tab, select the
TCP/IP
component and click
Properties
.
4.
Choose the
Specify an IP address
option and edit the address settings accordingly. Consult the
table below for IP settings on a Class C network.
IP Setup - Example #1
Using Default IP without DHCP
Host
IP Address
Subnet Mask
Gateway
IP
Router
10.1.1.1
255.0.0.0
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DSL-G604T 54Mbps Wireless ADSL2/2+ Modem/Router Manual
Computer
#1
10.1.1.2
255.0.0.0
10.1.1.1
Computer
#2
10.1.1.3
255.0.0.0
10.1.1.1
Computer
#3
10.1.1.4
255.0.0.0
10.1.1.1
Please note that when using the default IP address as in the above example, the first three numbers in
the IP address must always be the same with only the fourth number changing. The first three numbers
define the network IP address (all machines must belong to the same IP network), while the last
number denotes the host IP address (each computer must have a unique address to distinguish it on the
network). The IP address scheme used in Example #1 can be used for any LAN that requires up to 253
separate IP addresses (excluding the Router). Notice that the subnet mask is the same for all machines
and the default gateway address is the LAN IP address of the Router.
It is a good idea to make a note of each device’s IP address for reference during troubleshooting or
when adding new stations or devices.
Using DHCP
The second way to use the default settings is to allow the Router to automatically assign IP settings for
workstation using DHCP. To do this, simply make sure your computers’ IP addresses are set to 0.0.0.0
(under Windows, choose the option Obtain an IP address automatically in the TCP/IP network
component described above). When the computers are restarted, their IP settings will automatically be
assigned by the Router.
The Router is set by default to use DHCP. See the discussion in Chapter 5 for
information on how to use configure the Router for DHCP.
Changing the IP Address of the Router
When planning your LAN IP address setup, you may use any scheme allowed by rules that govern IP
assignment. It may be more convenient or easier to remember an IP scheme that use a different
address for the Router. Or you may be installing the Router on a network that has already established
the IP settings. Changing the IP address is a simple matter and can be done using the web manager
(see
LAN IP Address
in Chapter 5). If you are incorporating the Router into a LAN with an existing IP
structure, be sure to disable the DHCP function. Also, consider the effects of the NAT function which
is enable by default.
An IP addressing scheme commonly used for Ethernet LANs establishes 10.0.0.1 as the base address
for the network. Using Example #2 below, the Router is assigned the base address 10.0.0.1 and the
remaining addresses are assigned manually or using DHCP.
IP Setup - Example #2
Alternative IP Assignment
Host
IP Address
Subnet Mask
Gateway
IP
Router
10.0.0.1
255.0.0.0
Computer
#1
10.0.0.2
255.0.0.0
10.0.0.1
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DSL-G604T 54Mbps Wireless ADSL2/2+ Modem/Router Manual
Computer
#2
10.0.0.3
255.0.0.0
10.0.0.1
Computer
#3
10.0.0.4
255.0.0.0
10.0.0.1
These two examples are only examples you can use to help you get started. If you are interested in
more advanced information on how to use IP addressing on a LAN there are numerous resources
freely available on the Internet. There are also many books and chapters of books on the subject of IP
address assignment, IP networking and the TCP/IP protocol suite.
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DSL-G604T 54Mbps Wireless ADSL2/2+ Modem/Router Manual
C
IP Concepts
This appendix describes some basic IP concepts, the TCP/IP addressing scheme and show how to
assign IP Addresses.
When setting up the Router, you must make sure it has a valid IP address. Even if you will not use the
WAN port (ADSL port), you should, at the very least, make sure the Ethernet LAN port is assigned a
valid IP address. This is required for telnet, in-band SNMP management, and related functions such as
“trap” handling and TFTP firmware download.
IP Addresses
The Internet Protocol (IP) was designed for routing data between network sites all over the world, and
was later adapted for routing data between networks within any site (often referred to as “sub
networks” or “subnets”). IP includes a system by which a unique number can be assigned to each of
the millions of networks and each of the computers on those networks. Such a number is called an IP
address.
To make IP addresses easy to understand, the originators of IP adopted a system of representation
called “dotted decimal” or “dotted quad” notation. Below are examples of IP addresses written in this
format:
201.202.203.204
189.21.241.56
125.87.0.1
Each of the four values in an IP address is the ordinary decimal (base 10) representation of a value that
a computer can handle using eight “bits” (binary digits — 1s and 0s). The dots are simply convenient
visual separators.
Zeros are often used as placeholders in dotted decimal notation; 189.21.241.56 can therefore also
appear as 189.021.241.056.
IP networks are divided into three classes on the basis of size. A full IP address contains a network
portion and a “host” (device) portion. The network and host portions of the address are different
lengths for different classes of networks, as shown in the table below.
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DSL-G604T 54Mbps Wireless ADSL2/2+ Modem/Router Manual
Networks attached to the Internet are assigned class types that determine the maximum number of
possible hosts per network. The previous figure illustrates how the net and host portions of the IP
address differ among the three classes. Class A is assigned to networks that have more than 65,535
hosts; Class B is for networks that have 256 to 65534 hosts; Class C is for networks with less than 256
hosts.
IP Network Classes
Class
Maximum
Number of
Networks in
Class
Network Addresses
(Host Portion in
Parenthesis)
Maximum Number of
Hosts per Network
A
126
1(.0.0.0) to 126(.0.0.0)
16,777,214
B
16,382
128.1(.0.0) to 191.254(.0.0
)
65,534
C
2,097,150
192.0.1(.0) to 223.255.254
(.0)
254
Note:
All network addresses outside of these ranges (Class D and E) are either reserved or
set aside for experimental networks or multicasting.
When an IP address's host portion contains only zero(s), the address identifies a network and not a
host. No physical device may be given such an address.
The network portion must start with a value from 1 to 126 or from 128 to 223. Any other value(s) in
the network portion may be from 0 to 255, except that in class B the network addresses 128.0.0.0 and
191.255.0.0 are reserved, and in class C the network addresses 192.0.0.0 and 223.255.255.0 are
reserved.
The value(s) in the host portion of a physical device's IP address can be in the range of 0 through 255
as long as this portion is not all-0 or all-255. Values outside the range of 0 to 255 can never appear in
an IP address (0 to 255 is the full range of integer values that can be expressed with eight bits).
The network portion must be the same for all the IP devices on a discrete physical network (a single
Ethernet LAN, for example, or a WAN link). The host portion must be different for each IP device —
or, to be more precise, each IP-capable port or interface — connected directly to that network.
The network portion of an IP address will be referred to in this manual as a
network number
; the host
portion will be referred to as a
host number
.
To connect to the Internet or to any private IP network that uses an Internet-assigned network number,
you must obtain a registered IP network number from an Internet-authorized network information
center. In many countries you must apply through a government agency, however they can usually be
obtained from your Internet Service Provider (ISP).
If your organization's networks are, and will always remain, a closed system with no connection to the
Internet or to any other IP network, you can choose your own network numbers as long as they
conform to the above rules.
If your networks are isolated from the Internet, e.g. only between your two branch offices, you can
assign any IP Addresses to hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers
Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP Addresses specifically for private
(stub) networks:
Clas
s
Beginning
Address
Ending
Address
A
10.0.0.0
10.255.255.25
5
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