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Chapter 4: Configuration
117
Example: QoS for your Network
Connection Diagram
Information and Settings
Upstream: 928 kbps
Downstream: 8 Mbps
VoIP User
: 192.168.1.1
Normal Users : 192.168.1.2~192.168.1.5
Restricted User: 192.168.1.100
0
100
200
300
400
500
kbps
VoIP/VPN
HIGH
Others
NORMAL
Restricted
LOW
Throughput
VoIP/VPN
HIGH
Others
NORMAL
Restricted
LOW
Restricted
Normal PCs
VoIP
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118
Mission-critical application
Mostly the VPN connection is mission-critical application for doing data exchange between head and
branch office.
The mission-critical application must be sent out smoothly without any dropping. Set priority as high level
for preventing any other applications to saturate the bandwidth.
Voice application
Voice is latency-sensitive application. Most VoIP devices are use SIP protocol and the port number will
be assigned by SIP module automatically. Better to use fixed IP address for catching VoIP packets as
high priority.
Above settings will help to improve quality of your VoIP service when traffic is full loading.
Restricted Application
Some of companies will setup FTP server for customer downloading or home user sharing their files by
using FTP.
With above settings that help to limit utilization of upstream of FTP. Time schedule also help you to only
limit utilization at daytime.
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Advanced setting by using IP throttling
With IP throttling you can specify more detail for allocating bandwidth; even the applications are located
in the same level.
Upstream: 928kbps (29*32kbps)
Mission-critical Application: 192kbps (6*32kbps)
Voice Application: 128kbps (4*32kbps)
Restricted Application: 160kbps (5*32kbps)
Other Applications: 448kbps (14*32kbps)
6+4+14+5=29, 29*32kbps=928kbps
Sometime your customers or friends may upload their files to your FTP server and that will saturate your
downstream bandwidth. The settings below help you to limit bandwidth for the restricted application.
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120
Virtual Server (“Port Forwarding”)
In TCP/IP and UDP networks a port is a 16-bit number used to identify which application program
(usually a server) incoming connections should be delivered to. Some ports have numbers that are pre-
assigned to them by the IANA (the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), and these are referred to as
“well-known ports”. Servers follow the well-known port assignments so clients can locate them.
If you wish to run a server on your network that can be accessed from the WAN (i.e. from other
machines on the Internet that are outside your local network), or any application that can accept
incoming connections (e.g. Peer-to-peer/P2P software such as instant messaging applications and P2P
file-sharing applications) and are using NAT (Network Address Translation), then you will usually need to
configure your router to forward these incoming connection attempts using specific ports to the PC on
your network running the application. You will also need to use port forwarding if you want to host an
online game server.
The reason for this is that when using NAT, your publicly accessible IP address will be used by and point
to your router, which then needs to deliver all traffic to the private IP addresses used by your PCs.
Please see the
WAN
configuration section of this manual for more information on NAT.
The device can be configured as a virtual server so that remote users accessing services such as Web
or FTP services via the public (WAN) IP address can be automatically redirected to local servers in the
LAN network. Depending on the requested service (TCP/UDP port number), the device redirects the
external service request to the appropriate server within the LAN network
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121
Add Virtual Server
Because NAT can act as a “natural” Internet firewall, your router protects your network from being
accessed by outside users when using NAT, as all incoming connection attempts will point to your
router unless you specifically create Virtual Server entries to forward those ports to a PC on your
network.
When your router needs to allow outside users to access internal servers, e.g. a web server, FTP
server, Email server or game server, the router can act as a “virtual server”. You can set up a local
server with a specific port number for the service to use, e.g. web/HTTP (port 80), FTP (port 21),
Telnet (port 23), SMTP (port 25), or POP3 (port 110), When an incoming access request to the
router for a specified port is received, it will be forwarded to the corresponding internal server.
Time Schedule:
A self-defined time period to enable your virtual server.
You may specify a time
schedule or Always on for the usage of this Virtual Server Entry.
For setup and detail, refer to
Time Schedule
section
Application
: Users-define description to identify this entry or click
to select existing
predefined rules.
:
20 predefined rules are available.
Click the Radio button to select the rule;
Application, Protocol and External/Redirect Ports will be filled after the selection.
Protocol
: It is the supported protocol for the virtual server. In addition to specifying the port
number to be used, you will also need to specify the protocol used. The protocol used is
determined by the particular application. Most applications will use TCP or UDP.
External Port:
The Port number on the Remote/WAN side used when accessing the virtual server.
Redirect Port:
The Port number used by the Local server in the LAN network.

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