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Version 2.0, February 2012. Copyright
2012 Hitron Technologies
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Version 2.0, February 2012. Copyright
2012 Hitron Technologies
31
HITRON CGN2 USER’S GUIDE
2.1.6
ROUTING MODE
When your CGN2 is in routing mode, it acts as a gateway for computers on the LAN
to access the Internet. The service provider assigns an IP address to the CGN2 on
the WAN, and all traffic for LAN computers is sent to that IP address. The CGN2
assigns private IP addresses to LAN computers (when DHCP is active), and
transmits the relevant traffic to each private IP address.
NOTE:
When DHCP is not active on the CGN2 in routing mode, each computer on
the LAN must be assigned an IP address in the CGN2’s subnet manually.
When the CGN2 is not in routing mode, the service provider assigns an IP address to
each computer connected to the CGN2 directly. The CGN2 does not perform any
routing operations, and traffic flows between the computers and the service provider.
Routing mode is not user-configurable; it is specified by the service provider in the
CGN2’s configuration file.
2.1.7
CONFIGURATION FILES
The CGN2’s configuration (or config) file is a document that the CGN2 obtains
automatically over the Internet from the service provider’s server, which specifies the
settings that the CGN2 should use. It contains a variety of settings that are not
present in the user-configurable Graphical User Interface (GUI) and can be specified
only by the service provider.
2.1.8
DOWNSTREAM AND UPSTREAM TRANSMISSIONS
The terms “downstream” and “upstream” refer to data traffic flows, and indicate the
direction in which the traffic is traveling. “Downstream” refers to traffic from the
service provider to the CGN2, and “upstream” refers to traffic from the CGN2 to the
service provider.
2.1.9
CABLE FREQUENCIES
Just like radio transmissions, data transmissions over the cable network must exist
on different frequencies in order to avoid interference between signals.
The data traffic band is separate from the TV band, and each data channel is
separate from other data channels.
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HITRON CGN2 USER’S GUIDE
2.1.10
MODULATION
Transmissions over the cable network are based on a strong, high frequency periodic
waveform known as the “carrier wave.” This carrier wave is so called because it
“carries” the data signal. The data signal itself is defined by variations in the carrier
wave. The process of varying the carrier wave (in order to carry data signal
information) is known as “modulation.” The data signal is thus known as the
“modulating signal.”
Cable transmissions use a variety of methods to perform modulation (and the
“decoding” of the received signal, or “demodulation”). The modulation methods
defined in DOCSIS 3 are as follows:
QPSK
: Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying
QAM
: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QAM TCM
: Trellis modulated Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
In many cases, a number precedes the modulation type (for example
16 QAM
). This
number refers to the complexity of modulation. The higher the number, the more data
can be encoded in each symbol.
NOTE:
In modulated signals, each distinct modulated character (for example, each
audible tone produced by a modem for transmission over telephone lines) is
known as a symbol.
Since more information can be represented by a single character, a higher number
indicates a higher data transfer rate.
2.1.11
TDMA, FDMA AND SCDMA
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
and Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (SCDMA) are channel access
methods that allow multiple users to share the same frequency channel.
TDMA allows multiple users to share the same frequency channel by splitting
transmissions by time. Each user is allocated a number of time slots, and
transmits during those time slots.
FDMA allows multiple users to share the same frequency channel by assigning a
frequency band within the existing channel to each user.
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HITRON CGN2 USER’S GUIDE
SCDMA allows multiple users to share the same frequency channel by assigning
a unique orthogonal code to each user.
2.2
THE SYSTEM INFO SCREEN
Use this screen to see general information about your CGN2’s hardware, its software,
and its connection to the Internet.
NOTE:
Most of the information that displays in this screen is for troubleshooting
purposes only. However, you may need to use the MAC Address information
when setting up your network.
Click
Status
>
System Info
. The following screen displays.
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Version 2.0, February 2012. Copyright
2012 Hitron Technologies
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Version 2.0, February 2012. Copyright
2012 Hitron Technologies
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HITRON CGN2 USER’S GUIDE
Figure 7:
The Status > System Info Screen
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HITRON CGN2 USER’S GUIDE
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 8:
The Status > System Info Screen
Device Information
System Time
This displays the current date and time.
System Uptime
This displays the number of days, hours, minutes and
seconds since the CGN2 was last switched on or
rebooted.
Model Name
This displays the device’s model name.
SW Version
This displays the version number of the software that
controls the CGN2.
HW Version
This displays the version number of the CGN2’s physical
hardware.
RF MAC
This displays the Media Access Control (MAC) address of
the CGN2’s RF module. This is the module that connects
to the Internet through the
CATV
connection.
Serial Number
This displays a number that uniquely identifies the device.
RG Status
This displays whether or not the CGN2 is in Residential
Gateway (RG) mode.
When the CGN2 is in Residential Gateway mode,
ON
displays. When the CGN2 is not in Residential Gateway
mode,
OFF
displays.
Wifi Status
This displays whether or not the CGN2’s wireless network
is active.
When the CGN2’s wireless network is active,
ON
displays.
When the CGN2’s wireless network is not active,
OFF
displays.
NAT Status
This displays whether or not the CGN2’s Network Address
Translation (NAT) feature is active.
When NAT is active,
ON
displays. When NAT is not active,
OFF
displays.
DHCP Status
This displays whether or not the CGN2’s DHCP server is
active.
When the DHCP server is active,
ON
displays. When the
DHCP server is not active,
OFF
displays.
Firewall Status
This displays whether or not the CGN2’s firewall is active.
When the firewall is active,
ON
displays. When the firewall
is not active,
OFF
displays.

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