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Advanced Settings
91
N600 Wireless Dual Band Gigabit Router Premium Edition WNDR3800
Disable Wireless Client Association
. If your router is the repeater, selecting this check
box means that wireless clients cannot associate with it. Only LAN client associations are
allowed.
-
If you are setting up a point-to-point bridge, select this check box.
-
If you want all client traffic to go through the other access point (repeater with wireless
client association), leave this check box cleared.
Base Station MAC Address
. If your router is the repeater, enter the MAC address for the
access point that is the base station.
•
Wireless Base Station
. If your router is the base station, select this check box.
Disable Wireless Client Association
. If your router is the base station, selecting this
check box means that wireless clients cannot associate with it. Only LAN client
associations are allowed.
Repeater MAC Address (1 through 4)
. If your router is the base station, it can act as the
“parent” of up to 4 other access points. Enter the MAC addresses of the other access
points in these fields.
Set Up the Base Station
The wireless repeating function works only in hub and spoke mode. The units cannot be
daisy-chained. You have to know the wireless settings for both units. You have to know the
MAC address of the remote unit. First, set up the base station, and then set up the repeater.
To set up the base station:
1.
Set up both units with exactly the same wireless settings (SSID, mode, channel, and
security). Note that the wireless security option has to be set to None or WEP.
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Advanced Settings
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N600 Wireless Dual Band Gigabit Router Premium Edition WNDR3800
2.
Select
Advanced > Advanced Setup > Wireless Repeating Function
to display the
Wireless Repeating Function screen.
3.
In the Wireless Repeating Function screen (depending on the frequency you want to use),
select the
Enable Wireless Repeating Function
check box and select the
Wireless Base
Station
radio button.
4.
Enter the MAC address for one or more repeater units.
5.
Click
Apply
to save your changes.
Set Up a Repeater Unit
Use a wired Ethernet connection to set up the repeater unit to avoid conflicts with the wireless
connection to the base station.
Note:
If you are using the WNDR3800 base station with a non-NETGEAR
router as the repeater, you might need to change additional
configuration settings. In particular, you should disable the DHCP
server function on the wireless repeater AP.
To configure the router as a repeater unit:
1.
Log in to the router that will be the repeater. Select
Basic > Wireless Settings
and
verify that the wireless settings match the base unit exactly. The wireless security option
has to be set to
WEP
or
None
.
2.
Select
Advanced > Wireless Repeating Function
, and select the
Enable Wireless
Repeating Function check box
and the
Wireless Repeater
radio button.
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Advanced Settings
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N600 Wireless Dual Band Gigabit Router Premium Edition WNDR3800
3.
Fill in the Repeater IP Address field. This IP address has to be in the same subnet as the
base station, but different from the LAN IP of the base station.
4.
Click
Apply
to save your changes.
5.
Verify connectivity across the LANs.
A computer on any wireless or wired LAN segment of the router should be able to
connect to the Internet or share files and printers with any other wireless or wired
computer or server connected to the other access point.
Port Forwarding and Triggering
By default, the router blocks inbound traffic from the Internet to your computers except replies
to your outbound traffic. You might need to create exceptions to this rule for these purposes:
•
To allow remote computers on the Internet to access a server on your local network.
•
To allow certain applications and games to work correctly when their replies are not
recognized by your router.
Your router provides two features for creating these exceptions: port forwarding and port
triggering. The next sections provide background information to help you understand how
port forwarding and port triggering work, and the differences between the two.
Remote Computer Access Basics
When a computer on your network needs to access a computer on the Internet, your
computer sends your router a message containing the source and destination address and
process information. Before forwarding your message to the remote computer, your router
has to modify the source information and create and track the communication session so that
replies can be routed back to your computer.
Here is an example of normal outbound traffic and the resulting inbound responses:
1.
You open a browser and your operating system assigns port number 5678 to this
browser session.
2.
You type
into the URL field and your computer creates a Web page
request message with the following address and port information. The request message is
sent to your router.
Source address
. Your computer’s IP address.
Source port number
. 5678, which is the browser session.
Destination address
. The IP address of www.example.com, which your computer finds
by asking a DNS server.
Destination port number
. 80, which is the standard port number for a Web server
process.
3.
Your router creates an entry in its internal session table describing this communication
session between your computer and the Web server at www.example.com. Before sending
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Advanced Settings
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N600 Wireless Dual Band Gigabit Router Premium Edition WNDR3800
the Web page request message to www.example.com, your router stores the original
information and then modifies the source information in the request message, performing
Network Address Translation (NAT):
•
The source address is replaced with your router’s public IP address. This is necessary
because your computer uses a private IP address that is not globally unique and
cannot be used on the Internet.
•
The source port number is changed to a number chosen by the router, such as 33333.
This is necessary because two computers could independently be using the same
session number.
Your router then sends this request message through the Internet to the Web server at
www.example.com.
4.
The Web server at www.example.com composes a return message with the requested Web
page data. The return message contains the following address and port information. The
Web server then sends this reply message to your router.
Source address
. The IP address of www.example.com.
Source port number
. 80, which is the standard port number for a Web server process.
Destination address
. The public IP address of your router.
Destination port number
. 33333.
5.
Upon receiving the incoming message, your router checks its session table to determine
whether there is an active session for port number 33333. Finding an active session, the
router then modifies the message to restore the original address information replaced by
NAT. Your router sends this reply message to your computer, which displays the Web
page from www.example.com. The message now contains the following address and port
information.
Source address
. The IP address of www.example.com.
Source port number
. 80, which is the standard port number for a Web server process.
Destination address
. Your computer’s IP address.
Destination port number
. 5678, which is the browser session that made the initial
request.
6.
When you finish your browser session, your router eventually detects a period of inactivity in
the communications. Your router then removes the session information from its session
table and incoming traffic is no longer accepted on port number 33333.
Port Triggering to Open Incoming Ports
In the preceding example, requests are sent to a remote computer by your router from a
particular service port number, and replies from the remote computer to your router are
directed to that port number. If the remote server sends a reply back to a different port
number, your router does not recognize it and discards it. However, some application servers
(such as FTP and IRC servers) send replies back to multiple port numbers. Using the port
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Advanced Settings
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N600 Wireless Dual Band Gigabit Router Premium Edition WNDR3800
triggering function of your router, you can tell the router to open additional incoming ports
when a particular outgoing port originates a session.
An example is Internet Relay Chat (IRC). Your computer connects to an IRC server at
destination port 6667. The IRC server not only responds to your originating source port, but
also sends an “identify” message to your computer on port 113. Using port triggering, you can
tell the router, “When you initiate a session with destination port 6667, you have to also allow
incoming traffic on port 113 to reach the originating computer.” Using steps similar to the
preceding example, the following sequence shows the effects of the port triggering rule you
have defined:
1.
You open an IRC client program to start a chat session on your computer.
2.
Your IRC client composes a request message to an IRC server using a destination port
number of 6667, the standard port number for an IRC server process. Your computer then
sends this request message to your router.
3.
Your router creates an entry in its internal session table describing this communication
session between your computer and the IRC server. Your router stores the original
information, performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source address and port,
and sends this request message through the Internet to the IRC server.
4.
Noting your port triggering rule and having observed the destination port number of 6667,
your router creates an additional session entry to send any incoming port 113 traffic to your
computer.
5.
The IRC server sends a return message to your router using the NAT-assigned source port
(as in the previous example, let’s say port 33333) as the destination port. The IRC server
also sends an “identify” message to your router with destination port 113.
6.
Upon receiving the incoming message to destination port 33333, your router checks its
session table to determine whether there is an active session for port number 33333.
Finding an active session, the router restores the original address information replaced by
NAT and sends this reply message to your computer.
7.
Upon receiving the incoming message to destination port 113, your router checks its session
table and learns that there is an active session for port 113, associated with your computer.
The router replaces the message’s destination IP address with your computer’s IP address
and forwards the message to your computer.
8.
When you finish your chat session, your router eventually senses a period of inactivity in the
communications. The router then removes the session information from its session table,
and incoming traffic is no longer accepted on port numbers 33333 or 113.
To configure port triggering, you need to know which inbound ports the application needs.
Also, you need to know the number of the outbound port that will trigger the opening of the
inbound ports. You can usually determine this information by contacting the publisher of the
application, or user groups or newsgroups.
Note:
Only one computer at a time can use the triggered application.

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