NETGEAR WGR614v2 Router Manual PDF (Setup & Configuration Guide)

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Glossary

Use the list below to find definitions for technical terms used in this manual.

List of Glossary Terms

10BASE-T

IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring.

100BASE-Tx

IEEE 802.3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring.

3DES

3DES (Triple DES) achieves a high level of security by encrypting the data three times using DES with three

different, unrelated keys.

802.1x

802.1x defines port-based, network access control used to provide authenticated network access and

automated data encryption key management.

The IEEE 802.1x draft standard offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic

to a protected network, as well as dynamically varying encryption keys. 802.1x uses a protocol called EAP

(Extensible Authentication Protocol) and supports multiple authentication methods, such as token cards,

Kerberos, one-time passwords, certificates, and public key authentication. For details on EAP specifically,

refer to IETF's RFC 2284.

802.11a

IEEE specification for wireless networking at 54 Mbps operating in unlicensed radio bands over 5GHz.

802.11b

IEEE specification for wireless networking at 11 Mbps using direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS)

technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.5GHz.

802.11g

A soon to be ratified IEEE specification for wireless networking at 54 Mbps using direct-sequence

spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.5GHz. 802.11g is

backwards compatible with 802.11b.

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Page 132 / 146

Reference Manual for Cable/DSL Wireless Router WGR614

Glossary

ADSL

Short for asymmetric digital subscriber line, a technology that allows data to be sent over existing copper

telephone lines at data rates of from 1.5 to 9 Mbps when receiving data (known as the downstream rate) and

from 16 to 640 Kbps when sending data (known as the upstream rate).

ADSL requires a special ADSL modem. ADSL is growing in popularity as more areas around the world

gain access.

AES

Advanced Encryption Standard, a symmetric 128-bit block data encryption technique.

It is an iterated block cipher with a variable block length and a variable key length. The block length and the

key length can be independently specified to 128, 192 or 256 bits.The U.S government adopted the

algorithm as its encryption technique in October 2000, replacing the DES encryption it used. AES works at

multiple network layers simultaneously.

Authentication Header.

ARP

Address Resolution Protocol, a TCP/IP protocol used to convert an IP address into a physical address (called

a DLC address), such as an Ethernet address.

A host wishing to obtain a physical address broadcasts an ARP request onto the TCP/IP network. The host

on the network that has the IP address in the request then replies with its physical hardware address. There is

also Reverse ARP (RARP) which can be used by a host to discover its IP address. In this case, the host

broadcasts its physical address and a RARP server replies with the host's IP address.

Auto Uplink

technology (also called MDI/MDIX) eliminates the need to worry about crossover vs.

straight-through Ethernet cables. Auto Uplink

will accommodate either type of cable to make the right

connection.

A Certificate Authority is a trusted third-party organization or company that issues digital certificates used

to create digital signatures and public-private key pairs.

Cat 5

Category 5

unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cabling. An Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits/second

(10BASE-T) will often tolerate low quality cables, but at 100 Mbits/second (10BASE-Tx) the cable must be

rated as Category 5, or Cat 5 or Cat V, by the Electronic Industry Association (EIA).

This rating will be printed on the cable jacket. Cat 5 cable contains eight conductors, arranged in four

twisted pairs, and terminated with an RJ45 type connector. In addition, there are restrictions on maximum

cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbits/second networks.

Certificate Authority

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Reference Manual for Cable/DSL Wireless Router WGR614

Glossary

A Certificate Authority is a trusted third-party organization or company that issues digital certificates used

to create digital signatures and public-private key pairs.

The role of the CA in this process is to guarantee that the individual granted the unique certificate is, in fact,

who he or she claims to be. Usually, this means that the CA has an arrangement with a financial institution,

such as a credit card company, which provides it with information to confirm an individual's claimed

identity. CAs are a critical component in data security and electronic

commerce because they guarantee that

the two parties exchanging information are really who they claim to be.

CRL

Certificate Revocation List. Each Certificate Authority (CA) maintains a revoked certificates list.

Denial of Service attack

DoS. A hacker attack designed to prevent your computer or network from operating or communicating.

DHCP

An Ethernet protocol specifying how a centralized DHCP server can assign network configuration

information to multiple DHCP clients. The assigned information includes IP addresses, DNS addresses, and

gateway (router) addresses.

DMZ

A Demilitarized Zone is used by a company that wants to host its own Internet services without sacrificing

unauthorized access to its private network.

The DMZ sits between the Internet and an internal network's line of defense, usually some combination of

firewalls and bastion hosts. Typically, the DMZ contains devices accessible to Internet traffic, such as Web

(HTTP) servers, FTP servers, SMTP (e-mail) servers and DNS servers.

DNS

Short for Domain Name System (or Service), an Internet service that translates domain names into IP

addresses.

Because domain names are alphabetic, they're easier to remember. The Internet however, is really based on

IP addresses. Every time you use a domain name, therefore, a DNS service must translate the name into the

corresponding IP address. For example, the domain name www.example.com might translate to

198.105.232.4. The DNS system is, in fact, its own network. If one DNS server doesn't know how to

translate a particular domain name, it asks another one, and so on, until the correct IP address is returned.

Domain Name

A descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the Internet. Domain names are of the form of a

registered entity name plus one of a number of predefined top level suffixes such as .com, .edu, .uk, etc. For

example, in the address mail.NETGEAR.com, mail is a server name and NETGEAR.com is the domain.

DoS

A hacker attack designed to prevent your computer or network from operating or communicating.

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Reference Manual for Cable/DSL Wireless Router WGR614

Glossary

DSL

Short for digital subscriber line, but is commonly used in reference to the asymmetric version of this

technology (ADSL) that allows data to be sent over existing copper telephone lines at data rates of from 1.5

to 9 Mbps when receiving data (known as the downstream rate) and from 16 to 640 Kbps when sending data

(known as the upstream rate).

ADSL requires a special ADSL modem. ADSL is growing in popularity as more areas around the world

gain access.

DSLAM

DSL Access Multiplexor. The piece of equipment at the telephone company central office that provides the

ADSL signal.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DHCP. An Ethernet protocol specifying how a centralized DHCP server can assign network configuration

information to multiple DHCP clients. The assigned information includes IP addresses, DNS addresses, and

gateway (router) addresses.

EAP

Extensible Authentication Protocol is a general protocol for authentication that supports multiple

authentication methods.

EAP, an extension to PPP, supports such authentication methods as token cards, Kerberos, one-time

passwords, certificates, public key authentication and smart cards. In wireless communications using EAP, a

user requests connection to a WLAN through an AP, which then requests the identity of the user and

transmits that identity to an authentication server such as RADIUS. The server asks the AP for proof of

identity, which the AP gets from the user and then sends back to the server to complete the authentication.

EAP is defined by RFC 2284.

ESP

Encapsulating Security Payload.

ESSID

The Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID) is a thirty-two character (maximum) alphanumeric key

identifying the wireless local area network.

Gateway

A local device, usually a router, that connects hosts on a local network to other networks.

IETF

Internet Engineering Task Force. Working groups of the IETF propose standard protocols and procedures for

the Internet, which are published as RFCs (Request for Comment) at

www.ietf.org

An open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with

the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet.

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Reference Manual for Cable/DSL Wireless Router WGR614

Glossary

IKE

Internet Key Exchange. An automated method for exchanging and managing encryption keys between two

VPN devices.

Internet Protocol is the main internetworking protocol used in the Internet. Used in conjunction with the

Transfer Control Protocol (TCP) to form TCP/IP.

IP Address

A four-byte number uniquely defining each host on the Internet, usually written in dotted-decimal notation

with periods separating the bytes (for example, 134.177.244.57).

Ranges of addresses are assigned by Internic, an organization formed for this purpose.

IPSec

Internet Protocol Security. IPSec is a series of guidelines for securing private information transmitted over

public networks. IPSec is a VPN method providing a higher level of security than PPTP.

IPX

Short for Internetwork Packet Exchange, a networking protocol used by the Novell NetWare operating

systems.

Like UDP/IP, IPX is a datagram protocol used for connectionless communications. Higher-level protocols,

such as SPX and NCP, are used for additional error recovery services.

ISP

Internet service provider.

Internet Protocol

The main internetworking protocol used in the Internet. Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control

Protocol (TCP) to form TCP/IP.

LAN

A communications network serving users within a limited area, such as one floor of a building.

LDAP

A set of protocols for accessing information directories.

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

LDAP. A set of protocols for accessing information directories.

LDAP is based on the standards contained within the X.500 standard, but is significantly simpler. And

unlike X.500, LDAP supports TCP/IP, which is necessary for any type of Internet access. Because it's a

simpler version of X.500, LDAP is sometimes called

X.500-lite.

local area network

LAN. A communications network serving users within a limited area, such as one floor of a building.

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