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Page 151 / 168 Scroll up to view Page 146 - 150
Specify Internet Port Settings
151
Nighthawk
X6 AC3200
Tri-Band
WiFi
Router
How the Router Implements the Port Forwarding Rule
The following sequence shows the effects of a port forwarding rule:
1.
When you type the URL www.example.com in your browser, the browser sends a web
page request message with the following destination information:
•
Destination address
. The IP address of www.example.com, which is the address of
your router.
•
Destination port number
. 80, which is the standard port number for a web server
process.
2.
Your router receives the message and finds your port forwarding rule for incoming port 80
traffic.
3.
The router changes the destination in the message to IP address 192.168.1.123 and sends
the message to that computer.
4.
Your web server at IP address 192.168.1.123 receives the request and sends a reply
message to your router.
5.
Your router performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source IP address, and
sends the reply through the Internet to the computer or wireless device that sent the web
page request.
Set Up Port Triggering
Port triggering is a dynamic extension of port forwarding that is useful in these cases:
•
An application must use port forwarding to more than one local computer (but not
simultaneously).
•
An application must open incoming ports that are different from the outgoing port.
With port triggering, the router monitors traffic to the Internet from an outbound “trigger” port
that you specify. For outbound traffic from that port, the router saves the IP address of the
computer that sent the traffic. The router temporarily opens the incoming port or ports that
you specify in your rule, and forwards that incoming traffic to that destination.
Port forwarding creates a static mapping of a port number or range of ports to a single local
computer. Port triggering can dynamically open ports to any computer when needed and
close the ports when they are no longer needed.
Note:
If you use applications such as multiplayer gaming, peer-to-peer
connections, real-time communications such as instant messaging, or
remote assistance (a feature in Windows XP), enable Universal Plug
and Play (UPnP). See
Improve Network Connections with Universal
Plug and Play
on page
39.
Page 152 / 168
Specify Internet Port Settings
152
Nighthawk
X6 AC3200
Tri-Band
WiFi
Router
Add a Port Triggering Service
To add a port triggering service:
1.
Launch an Internet browser from a computer or wireless device that is connected to the
network.
2.
Type
or
.
A login screen displays.
3.
Enter the router user name and password.
The user name is
admin
. The default password is
password
. The user name and
password are case-sensitive.
The BASIC Home screen displays.
4.
Select
ADVANCED > Advanced Setup > Port Forwarding/Port Triggering.
The Port Forwarding/Port Triggering screen displays.
5.
Select the
Port Triggering
radio button.
6.
Click the
Add Service
button.
7.
In the
Service Name
field, type a descriptive service name.
8.
From the
Service User
list, select a user option:
•
Any
(the default) allows any computer on the Internet to use this service.
•
Single address
restricts the service to a particular computer.
9.
From the
Service Type
list, select
TCP
or
UDP
or
TCP/UDP
(both).
If you are not sure, select
TCP/UDP
.
10.
In the
Triggering Port
field, enter the number of the outbound traffic port that will open the
inbound ports.
11.
In the
Connection Type
,
Starting Port
, and
Ending Port
fields.
12.
Click the
Apply
button.
The service is now in the Portmap table. You must enable port triggering before the router
uses port triggering. See
Enable Port Triggering
on page
153.
Page 153 / 168
Specify Internet Port Settings
153
Nighthawk
X6 AC3200
Tri-Band
WiFi
Router
Enable Port Triggering
To enable port triggering:
1.
Launch an Internet browser from a computer or wireless device that is connected to the
network.
2.
Type
or
.
A login screen displays.
3.
Enter the router user name and password.
The user name is
admin
. The default password is
password
. The user name and
password are case-sensitive.
The BASIC Home screen displays.
4.
Select
ADVANCED > Advanced Setup > Port Forwarding/Port Triggering
.
The Port Forwarding/Port Triggering screen displays.
5.
Select the
Port Triggering
radio button.
6.
Clear the
Disable Port Triggering
check box.
If this check box is selected, the router does not use port triggering even if you have
specified port triggering settings.
7.
In the
Port Triggering Timeout
field, enter a value up to 9999 minutes.
This value controls how long the inbound ports stay open when the router detects no
activity. This value is required because the router cannot detect when the application
terminates.
Application Example: Port Triggering for Internet Relay Chat
Some application servers, such as FTP and IRC servers, send replies to multiple port
numbers. Using port triggering, you can tell the router to open more incoming ports when a
particular outgoing port starts a session.
An example is Internet Relay Chat (IRC). Your computer connects to an IRC server at
destination port 6667. The IRC server not only responds to your originating source port but
Page 154 / 168
Specify Internet Port Settings
154
Nighthawk
X6 AC3200
Tri-Band
WiFi
Router
also sends an “identify” message to your computer on port 113. Using port triggering, you can
tell the router, “When you initiate a session with destination port 6667, you must also allow
incoming traffic on port 113 to reach the originating computer.” The following sequence shows
the effects of this port triggering rule:
1.
You open an IRC client program to start a chat session on your computer.
2.
Your IRC client composes a request message to an IRC server using a destination port
number of 6667, the standard port number for an IRC server process. Your computer then
sends this request message to your router.
3.
Your router creates an entry in its internal session table describing this communication
session between your computer and the IRC server. Your router stores the original
information, performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the source address and port,
and sends this request message through the Internet to the IRC server.
4.
Noting your port triggering rule and observing the destination port number of 6667, your
router creates another session entry to send any incoming port 113 traffic to your computer.
5.
The IRC server sends a return message to your router using the NAT-assigned source port
(for example, port 33333) as the destination port and sends an “identify” message to your
router with destination port 113.
6.
When your router receives the incoming message to destination port 33333, it checks its
session table to see if a session is active for port number 33333. Finding an active session,
the router restores the original address information replaced by NAT and sends this reply
message to your computer.
7.
When your router receives the incoming message to destination port 113, it checks its
session table and finds an active session for port 113 associated with your computer. The
router replaces the message’s destination IP address with your computer’s IP address and
forwards the message to your computer.
8.
When you finish your chat session, your router eventually senses a period of inactivity in the
communications. The router then removes the session information from its session table and
incoming traffic is no longer accepted on port numbers 33333 or 113.
Page 155 / 168
155
15
15.
Troubleshooting
This chapter provides information to help you diagnose and solve problems you might have with
your router. If you do not find the solution here, check the NETGEAR support site at
for product and contact information.
This chapter contains the following sections:
•
Quick Tips
•
Troubleshoot with the LEDs
•
Cannot Log In to the Router
•
Cannot Access the Internet
•
Changes Not Saved
•
Wireless Connectivity
•
Troubleshoot Your Network Using the Ping Utility

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