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Page 101 / 142 Scroll up to view Page 96 - 100
Advanced Settings
101
D6300 WiFi DSL Modem Router
-
If you want all client traffic to go through the other access point (repeater with wireless
client association), leave this check box cleared.
•
Wireless MAC of this router
. This field displays the MAC address for your WiFi modem
router for your reference. You need to enter this MAC address in the corresponding
Wireless Repeating Function screen of the other access point you are using.
•
Wireless Repeater
. If your WiFi modem router is the repeater, select this radio button.
Repeater IP Address
. If your WiFi modem router is the repeater, enter the IP address of
the other access point.
Base Station MAC Address
. If your WiFi modem router is the repeater, enter the MAC
address for the access point that is the base station.
•
Wireless Base Station
. If your WiFi modem router is the base station, select this radio
button.
Disable Wireless Client Association
. If your WiFi modem router is the base station,
selecting this check box means that wireless clients cannot associate with it. Only LAN
client associations are allowed.
Repeater MAC Address (1 through 4)
. If your WiFi modem router is the base station, it
can act as the “parent” of up to four other access points. Enter the MAC addresses of the
other access points in these fields.
Set Up the Base Station
The wireless repeating function works only in hub and spoke mode. The units cannot be
daisy-chained. You have to know the wireless settings for both units. You have to know the
MAC address of the remote unit. First, set up the base station, and then set up the repeater.
To set up the base station:
1.
Set up both units with the same wireless settings (SSID, mode, channel, and security).
The wireless security option has to be set to None or WEP.
2.
Select
ADVANCED > Advanced Setup > Wireless Repeating Function
to display the
Wireless Repeating Function screen.
3.
Depending on the frequency you want to use, select the
Enable Wireless Repeating
Function
check box and select the
Wireless Base Station
radio button.
4.
Enter the MAC address for one or more repeater units.
5.
Click
Apply
to save your changes.
Set Up a Repeater Unit
Use a wired Ethernet connection to set up the repeater unit to avoid conflicts with the
wireless connection to the base station.
Page 102 / 142
Advanced Settings
102
D6300 WiFi DSL Modem Router
Note:
If you are using the D6300 base station with a non-NETGEAR WiFi
modem router as the repeater, you might need to change additional
configuration settings. In particular, you should disable the DHCP
server function on the wireless repeater AP.
To configure the WiFi modem router as a repeater unit:
1.
Log in to the WiFi modem router that is the repeater. Select
BASIC > Wireless Settings
and
verify that the wireless settings match the base unit exactly. The wireless security
option has to be set to
WEP
or
None
.
2.
Select
ADVANCED > Advanced Setup > Wireless Repeating Function
, and select the
Enable Wireless Repeating Function
check box and the
Wireless Repeater
radio button.
3.
Fill in the Repeater IP Address field. This IP address has to be in the same subnet as the
base station, but different from the LAN IP of the base station.
4.
Click
Apply
to save your changes.
5.
Verify connectivity across the LANs.
A computer on any wireless or wired LAN segment of the WiFi modem router should be
able to connect to the Internet or share files and printers with any other wireless or wired
computer or server connected to the other access point.
Port Forwarding and Triggering
By default, the WiFi modem router blocks inbound traffic from the Internet to your computers
except replies to your outbound traffic. You might need to create exceptions to this rule for
these purposes:
•
To allow remote computers on the Internet to access a server on your local network.
•
To allow certain applications and games to work correctly when their replies are not
recognized by your WiFi modem router.
Your WiFi modem router provides two features for creating these exceptions: port forwarding
and port triggering. The next sections provide background information to help you understand
how port forwarding and port triggering work, and the differences between the two.
Remote Computer Access Basics
When a computer on your network needs to access a computer on the Internet, your
computer sends your WiFi modem router a message containing the source and destination
address and process information. Before forwarding your message to the remote computer,
your WiFi modem router has to modify the source information and create and track the
communication session so that replies can be routed back to your computer.
Here is an example of normal outbound traffic and the resulting inbound responses:
Page 103 / 142
Advanced Settings
103
D6300 WiFi DSL Modem Router
1.
You open a browser, and your operating system assigns port number 5678 to this
browser session.
2.
You type http://www.example.com into the URL field, and your computer creates a web page
request message with the following address and port information. The request message is
sent to your WiFi modem router.
Source address
. Your computer’s IP address.
Source port number
. 5678, which is the browser session.
Destination address
. The IP address of www.example.com, which your computer finds
by asking a DNS server.
Destination port number
. 80, which is the standard port number for a web server
process.
3.
Your WiFi modem router creates an entry in its internal session table describing this
communication session between your computer and the web server at www.example.com.
Before sending the web page request message to www.example.com, your WiFi modem
router stores the original information and then modifies the source information in the request
message, performing Network Address Translation (NAT):
•
The source address is replaced with your WiFi modem router’s public IP address.
This requirement is necessary because your computer uses a private IP address that
is not globally unique and cannot be used on the Internet.
•
The source port number is changed to a number chosen by the WiFi modem router,
such as 33333. This requirement is necessary because two computers could
independently be using the same session number.
Your WiFi modem router then sends this request message through the Internet to the web
server at www.example.com.
4.
The web server at www.example.com composes a return message with the requested web
page data. The return message contains the following address and port information. The
web server then sends this reply message to your WiFi modem router.
Source address
. The IP address of www.example.com.
Source port number
. 80, which is the standard port number for a web server process.
Destination address
. The public IP address of your WiFi modem router.
Destination port number
. 33333.
5.
Upon receiving the incoming message, your WiFi modem router checks its session table to
determine whether there is an active session for port number 33333. Finding an active
session, the WiFi modem router then modifies the message to restore the original address
information replaced by NAT. Your WiFi modem router sends this reply message to your
computer, which displays the web page from www.example.com. The message now
contains the following address and port information.
Source address
. The IP address of www.example.com.
Source port number
. 80, which is the standard port number for a web server process.
Destination address
. Your computer’s IP address.
Page 104 / 142
Advanced Settings
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D6300 WiFi DSL Modem Router
Destination port number
. 5678, which is the browser session that made the initial
request.
6.
When you finish your browser session, your WiFi modem router eventually detects a period
of inactivity in the communications. Your WiFi modem router then removes the session
information from its session table, and incoming traffic is no longer accepted on port number
33333.
Port Triggering to Open Incoming Ports
In the preceding example, requests are sent to a remote computer by your WiFi modem
router from a particular service port number, and replies from the remote computer to your
WiFi modem router are directed to that port number. If the remote server sends a reply to a
different port number, your WiFi modem router does not recognize it and discards it.
However, some application servers (such as FTP and IRC servers) send replies to multiple
port numbers. Using the port triggering function of your WiFi modem router, you can tell the
WiFi modem router to open additional incoming ports when a particular outgoing port
originates a session.
An example is Internet Relay Chat (IRC). Your computer connects to an IRC server at
destination port 6667. The IRC server not only responds to your originating source port, but
also sends an “identify” message to your computer on port 113. Using port triggering, you can
tell the WiFi modem router, “When you initiate a session with destination port 6667, you have
to also allow incoming traffic on port 113 to reach the originating computer.” Using steps
similar to the preceding example, the following sequence shows the effects of the port
triggering rule you have defined:
1.
You open an IRC client program to start a chat session on your computer.
2.
Your IRC client composes a request message to an IRC server using a destination port
number of 6667, the standard port number for an IRC server process. Your computer then
sends this request message to your WiFi modem router.
3.
Your WiFi modem router creates an entry in its internal session table describing this
communication session between your computer and the IRC server. Your WiFi modem
router stores the original information, performs Network Address Translation (NAT) on the
source address and port, and sends this request message through the Internet to the IRC
server.
4.
Noting your port triggering rule and having observed the destination port number of 6667,
your WiFi modem router creates an additional session entry to send any incoming port 113
traffic to your computer.
5.
The IRC server sends a return message to your WiFi modem router using the
NAT-assigned source port (as in the previous example, say port 33333) as the destination
port. The IRC server also sends an identify message to your WiFi modem router with
destination port 113.
6.
Upon receiving the incoming message to destination port 33333, your WiFi modem router
checks its session table to determine whether there is an active session for port number
33333. Finding an active session, the WiFi modem router restores the original address
information replaced by NAT and sends this reply message to your computer.
Page 105 / 142
Advanced Settings
105
D6300 WiFi DSL Modem Router
7.
Upon receiving the incoming message to destination port 113, your WiFi modem router
checks its session table and learns that there is an active session for port 113 associated
with your computer. The WiFi modem router replaces the message’s destination IP address
with your computer’s IP address and forwards the message to your computer.
8.
When you finish your chat session, your WiFi modem router eventually senses a period of
inactivity in the communications. The WiFi modem router then removes the session
information from its session table, and incoming traffic is no longer accepted on port
numbers 33333 or 113.
To configure port triggering, you need to know which inbound ports the application needs.
Also, you need to know the number of the outbound port that triggers the opening of the
inbound ports. You can usually determine this information by contacting the publisher of the
application or user groups or newsgroups.
Note:
Only one computer at a time can use the triggered application.
Port Forwarding to Permit External Host Communications
In both of the preceding examples, your computer initiates an application session with a
server computer on the Internet. However, you might need to allow a client computer on the
Internet to initiate a connection to a server computer on your network. Normally, your WiFi
modem router ignores any inbound traffic that is not a response to your own outbound traffic.
You can configure exceptions to this default rule by using the port forwarding feature.
A typical application of port forwarding can be shown by reversing the client-server
relationship from the previous web server example. In this case, a remote computer’s
browser needs to access a web server running on a computer in your local network. Using
port forwarding, you can tell the WiFi modem router, “When you receive incoming traffic on
port 80 (the standard port number for a web server process), forward it to the local computer
at 192.168.1.123.” The following sequence shows the effects of the port forwarding rule you
have defined:
1.
The user of a remote computer opens a browser and requests a web page from
www.example.com, which resolves to the public IP address of your WiFi modem router.
The remote computer composes a web page request message with the following
destination information:
Destination address
. The IP address of www.example.com, which is the address of your
WiFi modem router.
Destination port number
. 80, which is the standard port number for a web server
process.
The remote computer then sends this request message through the Internet to your WiFi
modem router.
2.
Your WiFi modem router receives the request message and looks in its rules table for any
rules covering the disposition of incoming port 80 traffic. Your port forwarding rule specifies
that incoming port 80 traffic should be forwarded to local IP address 192.168.1.123.

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