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70
Appendix F: Glossary
Wireless-N Home Router
Appendix F: Glossary
This glossary contains some basic networking terms you may come across when using this product. For more
advanced terms, see the complete Linksys glossary at http://www.linksys.com/glossary.
Access Point
- A device that allows wireless-equipped computers and other devices to communicate with a
wired network. Also used to expand the range of a wireless network.
Ad-hoc
- A group of wireless devices communicating directly with each other (peer-to-peer) without the use of
an access point.
AES
(
A
dvanced
E
ncryption
S
tandard) - A security method that uses symmetric 128-bit block data encryption.
Bandwidth
- The transmission capacity of a given device or network.
Bit
- A binary digit.
Boot
- To start a device and cause it to start executing instructions.
Broadband
- An always-on, fast Internet connection.
Browser
- An application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the
World Wide Web.
Byte
- A unit of data that is usually eight bits long
Cable Modem
- A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the
Internet.
Daisy Chain
- A method used to connect devices in a series, one after the other.
DDNS
(
D
ynamic
D
omain
N
ame
S
ystem) - Allows the hosting of a website, FTP server, or e-mail server with a
fixed domain name (e.g., www.xyz.com) and a dynamic IP address.
Default Gateway
- A device that forwards Internet traffic from your local area network.
DHCP
(
D
ynamic
H
ost
C
onfiguration
P
rotocol) - A networking protocol that allows administrators to assign
temporary IP addresses to network computers by “leasing” an IP address to a user for a limited amount of time,
instead of assigning permanent IP addresses.
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71
Appendix F: Glossary
Wireless-N Home Router
DMZ
(
D
e
m
ilitarized
Z
one) - Removes the Router's firewall protection from one PC, allowing it to be “seen” from
the Internet.
DNS
(
D
omain
N
ame
S
erver) - The IP address of your ISP's server, which translates the names of websites into IP
addresses.
Domain
- A specific name for a network of computers.
Download
- To receive a file transmitted over a network.
DSL
(
D
igital
S
ubscriber
L
ine) - An always-on broadband connection over traditional phone lines.
Dynamic IP Address
- A temporary IP address assigned by a DHCP server.
EAP
(
E
xtensible
A
uthentication
P
rotocol) - A general authentication protocol used to control network access.
Many specific authentication methods work within this framework.
Encryption
- Encoding data transmitted in a network.
Ethernet
- IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common
transmission medium.
Firewall
- A set of related programs located at a network gateway server that protects the resources of a
network from users from other networks.
Firmware
- The programming code that runs a networking device.
FTP
(
F
ile
T
ransfer
P
rotocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network.
Full Duplex
- The ability of a networking device to receive and transmit data simultaneously.
Gateway
- A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible communications protocols.
Half Duplex
- Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a
time.
HTTP
(
H
yper
T
ext
T
ransport
P
rotocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World
Wide Web.
Infrastructure
- A wireless network that is bridged to a wired network via an access point.
IP
(
I
nternet
P
rotocol) - A protocol used to send data over a network.
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72
Appendix F: Glossary
Wireless-N Home Router
IP Address
- The address used to identify a computer or device on a network.
IPCONFIG
- A Windows 2000 and XP utility that displays the IP address for a particular networking device.
IPSec
(
I
nternet
P
rotocol
Sec
urity) - A VPN protocol used to implement secure exchange of packets at the IP layer.
ISP
(
I
nternet
S
ervice
P
rovider) - A company that provides access to the Internet.
LAN
- The computers and networking products that make up your local network.
MAC
(
M
edia
A
ccess
C
ontrol)
Address
- The unique address that a manufacturer assigns to each networking
device.
Mbps
(
M
ega
B
its
P
er
S
econd) - One million bits per second; a unit of measurement for data transmission.
NAT
(
N
etwork
A
ddress
T
ranslation) - NAT technology translates IP addresses of a local area network to a different
IP address for the Internet.
Network
- A series of computers or devices connected for the purpose of data sharing, storage, and/or
transmission between users.
Packet
- A unit of data sent over a network.
Passphrase
- Used much like a password, a passphrase simplifies the WEP encryption process by automatically
generating the WEP encryption keys for Linksys products.
Ping
(
P
acket
IN
ternet
G
roper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online.
POP3
(
P
ost
O
ffice
P
rotocol
3
) - A standard mail server commonly used on the Internet.
Port
- The connection point on a computer or networking device used for plugging in cables or adapters.
P
ower
o
ver
E
thernet (
PoE
) - A technology enabling an Ethernet network cable to deliver both data and power.
PPPoE
(
P
oint to
P
oint
P
rotocol
o
ver
E
thernet) - A type of broadband connection that provides authentication
(username and password) in addition to data transport.
PPTP
(
P
oint-to-
P
oint
T
unneling
P
rotocol) - A VPN protocol that allows the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be
tunneled through an IP network. This protocol is also used as a type of broadband connection in Europe.
RADIUS
(
R
emote
A
uthentication
D
ial-
I
n
U
ser
S
ervice) - A protocol that uses an authentication server to control
network access.
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73
Appendix F: Glossary
Wireless-N Home Router
RJ-45
(
R
egistered
J
ack
-45
) - An Ethernet connector that holds up to eight wires.
Roaming
- The ability to take a wireless device from one access point's range to another without losing the
connection.
Router
- A networking device that connects multiple networks together.
Server
- Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access to files, printing, communications,
and other services.
SMTP
(
S
imple
M
ail
T
ransfer
P
rotocol)
- The standard e-mail protocol on the Internet.
SNMP
(
S
imple
N
etwork
M
anagement
P
rotocol)
- A widely used network monitoring and control protocol.
SPI
(
S
tateful
P
acket
I
nspection)
Firewall
- A technology that inspects incoming packets of information before
allowing them to enter the network.
SSID
(
S
ervice
S
et
ID
entifier) - Your wireless network's name.
Static IP Address
- A fixed address assigned to a computer or device that is connected to a network.
Static Routing
- Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path.
Subnet Mask
- An address code that determines the size of the network.
Switch
- 1. A data switch that connects computing devices to host computers, allowing a large number of
devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an
electrical circuit.
TCP
(
T
ransmission
C
ontrol
P
rotocol) - A network protocol for transmitting data that requires acknowledgement
from the recipient of data sent.
TCP/IP
(
T
ransmission
C
ontrol
P
rotocol/
I
nternet
P
rotocol) - A set of instructions PCs use to communicate over a
network.
Telnet
- A user command and TCP/IP protocol used for accessing remote PCs.
TFTP
(
T
rivial
F
ile
T
ransfer
P
rotocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol that has no directory or password
capability.
Throughput
- The amount of data moved successfully from one node to another in a given time period.
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74
Appendix F: Glossary
Wireless-N Home Router
TKIP
(
T
emporal
K
ey
I
ntegrity
P
rotocol) - a wireless encryption protocol that provides dynamic encryption keys for
each packet transmitted.
Topology
- The physical layout of a network.
TX Rate
- Transmission Rate.
Upgrade
- To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version.
Upload
- To transmit a file over a network.
URL
(
U
niform
R
esource
L
ocator) - The address of a file located on the Internet.
VPN
(
V
irtual
P
rivate
N
etwork) - A security measure to protect data as it leaves one network and goes to another
over the Internet.
WAN
(
W
ide
A
rea
N
etwork)- The Internet.
WEP
(
W
ired
E
quivalent
P
rivacy) - A method of encrypting network data transmitted on a wireless network for
greater security.
WLAN
(
W
ireless
L
ocal
A
rea
N
etwork) - A group of computers and associated devices that communicate with
each other wirelessly.
WPA
(
W
i-Fi
P
rotected
A
ccess) - a wireless security protocol using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)
encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.

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