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Page 31 / 45 Scroll up to view Page 26 - 30
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
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Instant Broadband Series
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Frequently Asked Questions
How many IP addresses can the Cable/DSL Router support?
The Router supports
a maximum of 253 IP addresses.
Is IPSec Pass-Thru supported by the EtherFast Cable/DSL Router?
Yes, it is a built-
in feature that the Router automatically enables.
Where is the Cable/DSL Router installed on the network?
In a typical environ-
ment, the Router is installed between the Cable/DSL Modem and the LAN.
Plug the Cable/DSL Router into the cable or DSL modem's Ethernet port.
Does the Cable/DSL Router support IPX or AppleTalk?
No. TCP/IP is the only pro-
tocol standard for the Internet and has become the global standard for com-
munications. IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used only to route
messages from one node to another, and AppleTalk, a communications pro-
tocol used on Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used from LAN to LAN
connections, but those protocols cannot connect from WAN to LAN.
Does the WAN connection of the Cable/DSL Router support 100Mbps Ethernet?
Since broadband Internet connections like cable and DSL do not exceed
10Mbps, the Cable/DSL Router’s current hardware design only supports
10Mbps Ethernet on its WAN port. It does support 100Mbps through the
built-in auto-sensing Fast Ethernet 10/100 Switch on the LAN side of the
Router.
What is Network Address Translation (NAT) and what is it used for?
Network
Address Translation (NAT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private
LAN to one public address that is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of
network security since the addresses of PCs connected to the private LAN is
never transmitted over the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Cable/DSL
Router to be used with low-cost Internet accounts, such as DSL or cable
modems, where only one TCP/IP address is provided by the ISP. The user may
have 253 private addresses behind this single address provided by the ISP.
Does the Cable/DSL Router support any operating system other than Windows 95,
Windows 98, Windows 2000, or Windows NT?
Yes, but Linksys does not provide
technical support for setup, configuration or troubleshooting of any non-
Windows operating systems at this time.
• Same as above, check the same setup values in the Status Monitor page
of the Cable/DSL Router.
4. When I enter a URL or IP address, I get a “Request timed out” error.
• Check to see if other PCs give you the same error message. If they do,
make sure that your workstations’ IP settings are correct: IP address,
Subnet Mask, Default Gateway and DNS Server data.
• If the PCs are configured correctly but still not working, check the
Cable/DSL Router. Make sure that it is connected and powered on.
Connect to the Router and check its settings. If you cannot connect to it,
check the LAN and power connections.
• If the Cable/DSL Router is configured correctly, check your Internet con-
nection. (DSL/cable modem, etc.) to see that it is working correctly.
5. I can’t obtain an IP address from my cable or DSL modem.
• Make sure that all of your cabling is properly connected and that all of
the Router’s
WAN
and
LAN
LEDs are lighting up.
• Power down your cable or DSL modem for a few seconds. Turn it back
on. After the modem goes through its self-test, check to see if you now
have an IP address.
• Make sure that your cable or DSL modem is DHCP-capable.
• You may have to enter the Host or Domain name in the Setup page of the
Router’s web-based utility. Go to page 34 for more information.
• Your ISP may require MAC Addresses. Check with your ISP. This address
can be obtained in the Status screen of the Router’s Web-based Utility.
6.
I can’t access my email or the Internet.
• Some ISPs,especially cable providers, configure their networks so that
you don’t have to enter a full Internet address into your web browser or
e-mail application to reach your home page or receive your e-mail.
• If your Internet home page address is something very simple, such as
“www”, instead of “www.linksys.com”, or your e-mail server’s address
is something like “e-mail” or “pop3”, instead of “pop.mail.linksys.com,”
you won’t be able to properly configure your Cable/DSL Router until
you determine the actual Internet addresses of your Web and e-mail
connections.
• You must obtain this information before connecting the Router to your
network.
To do so, you can ask your ISP, or turn to page 59 to learn
how to find this data yourself by “pinging” your Router for an IP
address.
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EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
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Instant Broadband Series
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My Web pages hang (distorted), I get corrupted downloads, or nothing but junk
characters are being displayed on the screen. What do I do?
Force your NIC
to 10Mbps or half duplex mode, and turn off the "Autonegotiate" feature on
it temporarily.
(To do this, go to the Network
Control Panel
, in your Ethernet
Adapter's Advanced Properties tab).
Check with your NIC provider for more
information.
If all else fails in the installation, what can I do?
Reset the Router by holding
down the
Reset
button for at least three seconds and reset your cable or DSL
modem by powering the unit off and then on.
Obtain and flash (upload) the
latest firmware release available on the Linksys website, www.linksys.com.
How will I be notified of new Router firmware upgrades?
All Linksys firmware
upgrades are posted on the Linksys website at www.linksys.com, where they
can downloaded for free.
The Router's firmware can be upgraded with TFTP
programs.
If your Router’s Internet connection is working well, there is no
need to download a newer firmware version, unless that version contains new
features that you would like to use.
Downloading a more current version of
Router firmware will not enhance the quality or speed of your Internet con-
nection, and may disrupt your current connection stability.
Does the Cable/DSL Router support IPsec?
A new IPsec Pass Through features
is now available in firmware versions 1.30 and later, which can be down-
loaded at www.linksys.com.
Does the Router function in a Macintosh environment?
Yes, but the Router's setup
pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer v4.0 or Netscape
Navigator v4.0 or higher for Macintosh PCs.
What type of firewall does the Router have?
The Cable/DSL Router uses NAT
(Network Address Translation) and TCP/IP port inspections.
I cannot get the web configuration screen for the Router.
What can I do?
You may
have forgotten to remove the proxy server settings on your Internet browser,
e.g., Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer.
Or, remove the dial-up settings
on your browser.
Check your browser documentation.
What is DMZ Hosting?
Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (or
computer) to be exposed to the Internet.
Some applications require multiple
TCP/IP ports to be open.
It is recommended that you set your computer with
a static IP address if you want to use DMZ Hosting.
Does the Cable/DSL Router support ICQ send files?
Yes, with the following fix:
ICQ menu-> preference -> connections tab-> check "I am behind a firewall
or proxy," and set the firewall time-out to 80 seconds in the firewall setting.
The Internet user can then send a file to a user behind the Router.
How do I get Napster to work with the Router?
Napster is fully compatible with
the Router and requires no special settings.
I set up an Unreal Tournament server, but others on the network cannot join. What
do I do?
If you are running a dedicated Unreal Tournament server, you must
create a static IP address for each of the network’s PCs and forward ports
7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. If
you want to use the UT Server Admin, forward another port (8080 usually
works well), then in the [UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file, set
the ListenPort to 8080 (to match the mapped port above) and ServerName to
the IP assigned to the Router from your ISP.
Can multiple gamers on the LAN log on to one game server and play simultane-
ously with just one public IP address?
It depends on which network game
you’re playing, and/or what kind of game server you are using.
For example,
Unreal Tournament does support multi-login with just one public IP address.
How do I get
Half-Life: Team Fortress
to Work with the Router?
The default client
port for Half-Life is 27005.
The PCs on your LAN must have "+clientport
2700x" to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be 6, 7, 8, and on up.
This lets multiple PCs connect to the same server.
One exception:
Version 1.0.1.6 won't let multiple PCs with the same CD key
connect at the same time, even if they’re on the same LAN (not a problem
with Version 1.0.1.3).
For hosting games, the HL server does not need to be
in the DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP of the server PC. There
remains, however, a problem with people being booted after a few minutes
with an "illegible server” message.
How can I block corrupted FTP downloads?
If you are experiencing corrupted
files when you download a file with your FTP client, try using another FTP
program.
Page 33 / 45
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
Glossary
10BaseT
- An Ethernet standard that uses twisted wire pairs.
100BaseTX
- IEEE physical layer specification for 100 Mbps over two pairs of
Category 5 UTP or STP wire.
1000BASE-T -
provides half-duplex (CSMA/CD) and full-duplex 1000Mb/s
Ethernet service over Category 5 links as defined by ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A.
Topology rules for 1000BASE-T are the same as those used for 100BASE-T.
Category 5 link lengths are limited to 100 meters by the ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-
A cabling standard. Only one CSMA/CD repeater will be allowed in a collision
domain.
Adapter -
Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities or
connectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card
(NIC) is the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the
intranet and/or Internet.
Auto-negotiate
- To automatically determine the correct settings. The term is
often used with communications and networking. For example, Ethernet
10/100 cards, hubs and switches can determine the highest speed of the node
they are connected to and adjust their transmission rate accordingly.
Backbone
– The part of a network that connects most of the systems and net-
works together and handles the most data.
Bandwidth
- The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of how
much data the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bits
per second (bps).
Bit
– A binary digit. The value — 0 or 1—used in the binary numbering sys-
tem.
Also, the smallest form of data.
Boot
– To cause the computer to start executing instructions. Personal comput-
ers contain built-in instructions in a ROM chip that are automatically executed
on startup. These instructions search for the operating system, load it and pass
control to it.
Bottleneck
– A traffic slowdown that results when too many network nodes try
to access a single node, often a server node, at once.
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If DMZ Hosting is used, does the exposed user/PC share the public IP address with
the Router?
No.
Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions?
The Router
allows PPTP packets to pass through.
Is the Router cross-platform compatible?
Any platform that supports Ethernet
and TCP/IP is compatible with the Router.
How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded?
Theoretically, the Router can
establish 520 sessions at the same time, but you can only forward 10 ranges
of ports.
Does the Router replace a modem?
Is there a cable or DSL modem in the Router?
No, this version of the Router must work in conjunction with a cable or DSL
modem.
Which modems are compatible with the Router?
This Router is compatible with
virtually any cable or DSL modem that supports Ethernet.
What are the advanced features of the Router?
The Router's advanced features
include IP Filtering, IP Forwarding, Dynamic Routing, Static Routing, DMZ
hosting, and MAC Address Cloning.
What is the maximum number of VPN sessions allowed by the Router?
One VPN session at a time.
How big is the memory buffer on the Router?
512KB.
How can I check whether I have static or DHCP IP Addresses?
Consult your ISP
to obtain this information.
How do I get mIRC to work with the Router?
Under the Fowarding tab, set port
forwarding to 113 for the PC on which you are using mIRC.
Page 34 / 45
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
CPU
(Central Processing Unit) - The computing part of the computer. Also
called the “processor,” it is made up of the control unit and ALU.
CSMA/CD
(Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) - The LAN
access method used in Ethernet. When a device wants to gain access to the net-
work, it checks to see if the network is quiet (senses the carrier). If it is not, it
waits a random amount of time before retrying. If the network is quiet and two
devices access the line at exactly the same time, their signals collide. When the
collision is detected, they both back off and each wait a random amount of time
before retrying.
Daisy Chain
- Connected in series, one after the other. Transmitted signals go
to the first device, then to the second and so on.
Database
- A database is a collection of data that is organized so that its con-
tents can easily be accessed, managed, and updated.
Data Packet
- One frame in a packet-switched message. Most data communi-
cations is based on dividing the transmitted message into packets. For example,
an Ethernet packet can be from 64 to 1518 bytes in length.
Default Gateway
- The routing device used to forward all traffic that is not
addressed to a station within the local subnet.
DHCP
(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network
administrators manage centrally and automate the assignment of Internet
Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization’s network. Using the Internet’s set of
protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a
unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a con-
nection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine.
Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and,
if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP
address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and dis-
tribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP
address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network.
DHCP uses the concept of a “lease” or amount of time that a given IP address
will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a
user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It’s espe-
cially useful in education and other environments where users change fre-
quently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks
in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.
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Bridge
- A device that interconnects different networks together.
Broadband
- A data-transmission scheme in which multiple signals share the
bandwidth of a medium. This allows the transmission of voice, data and video
signals over a single medium. Cable television uses broadband techniques to
deliver dozens of channels over one cable.
Browser
- A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at
and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web or PC. The word
“browser” seems to have originated prior to the Web as a generic term for user
interfaces that let you browse text files online.
Cable Modem
- A device that connects a computer to the cable television net-
work, which in turn connects to the Internet. Once connected, cable modem
users have a continuous connection to the Internet. Cable modems feature
asymmetric transfer rates: around 36 Mbps downstream (from the Internet to
the computer), and from 200 Kbps to 2 Mbps upstream (from the computer to
the Internet).
CAT 3
- ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic
Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify
“categories” (the singular is commonly referred to as “CAT”) of twisted pair
cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data rates
that they can sustain. CAT 3 cable has a maximum throughput of
16 Mbps and
is usually utilized for 10BaseT networks.
CAT 5
- ANSI/EIA (American National Standards Institute/Electronic
Industries Association) Standard 568 is one of several standards that specify
“categories” (the singular is commonly referred to as “CAT”) of twisted pair
cabling systems (wires, junctions, and connectors) in terms of the data rates
that they can sustain. CAT 5 cable has a maximum throughput of
100 Mbps
and is usually utilized for 100BaseTX networks.
CAT 5e
- The additional cabling performance parameters of return loss and far-
end crosstalk (FEXT) specified for 1000BASE-T and not specified for
10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX are related to differences in the signaling imple-
mentation. 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX signaling is unidirectional-signals
are transmitted in one direction on a single wire pair. In contrast, Gigabit
Ethernet is bi-directional-signals are transmitted simultaneously in both direc-
tions on the same wire pair; that is, both the transmit and receive pair occupy
the same wire pair .
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Page 35 / 45
EtherFast Cable/DSL Routers
Ethernet
- IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed
on and retrieved from a common transmission medium. Has a transfer rate of
10 Mbps. Forms the underlying transport vehicle used by several upper-level
protocols, including TCP/IP and XNS.
Fast Ethernet
- A 100 Mbps technology based on the 10Base-T Ethernet
CSMA/CD network access method.
Firewall
- A firewall is a set of related programs, located at a network gateway
server, that protects the resources of a network from users from other networks.
(The term also implies the security policy that is used with the programs.) An
enterprise with an intranet that allows its workers access to the wider Internet
installs a firewall to prevent outsiders from accessing its own private data
resources and for controlling what outside resources to which its own users
have access.
Basically, a firewall, working closely with a router, examines each network
packet to determine whether to forward it toward its destination.
Firmware
- Programming that is inserted into programmable read-only mem-
ory (programmable read-only memory), thus becoming a permanent part of a
computing device.
Fragmentation
- Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over
a network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet.
FTP
(File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP
network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). For example, after developing the HTML
pages for a Web site on a local machine, they are typically uploaded to the
Web server using FTP.
FTP includes functions to log onto the network, list directories and copy files.
It can also convert between the ASCII and EBCDIC character codes. FTP
operations can be performed by typing commands at a command prompt or
via an FTP utility running under a graphical interface such as Windows. FTP
transfers can also be initiated from within a Web browser by entering the
URL preceded with ftp://.
Unlike e-mail programs in which graphics and program files have to be
“attached,” FTP is designed to handle binary files directly and does not add
the overhead of encoding and decoding the data.
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DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that
need a permanent IP address.
DMZ
- (Demilitarized Zone) allows one IP address (or computer) to be
exposed to the Internet.
Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports to be
open.
It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP address if
you want to use DMZ Hosting.
DNS
- The domain name system (DNS) is the way that Internet domain name
are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A domain name
is a meaningful and easy-to-remember “handle” for an Internet address.
Domain
- A subnetwork comprised of a group of clients and servers under
the control of one security database. Dividing LANs into domains improves
performance and security.
Download
- To receive a file transmitted over a network. In a communications
session, download means receive, upload means transmit.
Driver
- A workstation or server software module that provides an interface
between a network interface card and the upper-layer protocol software running
in the computer; it is designed for a specific NIC, and is installed during the
initial installation of a network-compatible client or server operating system.
DSSS
(Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum) - DSSS generates a redundant bit
pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chip-
ping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data
can be recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during
transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the orig-
inal data without -the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS
appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most nar-
rowband receivers.
Dynamic IP Address
- An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client
station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network devices that
serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually assigned static IP
addresses.
Dynamic Routing
- The ability for a router to forward data via a different route
based on the current conditions of the communications circuits. For example,
it can adjust for overloaded traffic or failing lines and is much more flexible
than static routing, which uses a fixed forwarding path.
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