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Half-duplex –

Data cannot be transmitted and received at the same time

Hashing –

Transforming a string of characters into a shorter string with a predefined length

Hexadecimal –

Characters 0-9 and A-F

HomePNA –

Networking over telephone lines

HomeRF –

Networking standard that combines 802.11b and DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless

Telecommunication) that provides speeds up to 1.6 Mbps and a distance of 150 ft using a Frequency Hopping

transmission method

Hop –

The action of data packets being transmitted from one router to another

Host –

Computer on a network

HTTP –

Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used to transfer files from HTTP servers (web servers) to HTTP clients

(web browsers)

HTTPS –

HTTP over SSL is used to encrypt and decrypt HTTP transmissions

Hub –

A networking device that connects multiple devices together

I

ICMP –

Internet Control Message Protocol

IEEE –

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IETF –

Internet Engineering Task Force

IGMP –

Internet Group Management Protocol is used to make sure that computers can report their multicast

group membership to adjacent routers

IIS –

Internet Information Server is a WEB server and FTP server provided by Microsoft

IKE –

Internet Key Exchange is used to ensure security for VPN connections

Infrastructure –

In terms of a wireless network, this is when wireless clients use an Access Point to gain

access to the network

Internet –

A system of worldwide networks which use TCP/IP to allow for resources to be accessed from

computers around the world

Internet Explorer –

A World Wide Web browser created and provided by Microsoft

Internet Protocol –

The method of transferring data from one computer to another on the Internet

Internet Protocol Security –

IPsec provides security at the packet processing layer of network

communication

Internet Service Provider –

An ISP provides access to the Internet to individuals or companies

Interoperability –

The ability for products to interact with other products without much customer interaction

Intranet –

A private network

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Intrusion Detection –

A type of security that scans a network to detect attacks coming from inside and outside

of the network

IP –

Internet Protocol

IP address –

A 32-bit number, when talking about Internet Protocol Version 4, that identifies each computer

that transmits data on the Internet or on an Intranet

IPsec –

Internet Protocol Security

IPv6 –

Internet Protocol Version 6 uses 128-bit addresses and was developed to solve the problem that we

face of running our of IP version 4 addresses

IPX –

Internetwork Packet Exchange is a networking protocol developed by Novel to enable their Netware

clients and servers to communicate

ISP –

Internet Service Provider

J

Java –

A programming language used to create programs and applets for web pages

K

Kbps –

Kilobits per second

Kbyte -

Kilobyte

Kerberos –

A method of securing and authenticating requests for services on a network

L

LAN –

Local Area Network

Latency

– The amount of time that it takes a packet to get from the one point to another on a network.

Also

referred to as delay

LED

- Light Emitting Diode

Legacy

– Older devices or technology

Local Area Network

– A group of computers in a building that usually access files from a server

M

MAC address

– A unique hardware address for devices on a Local Area Network

MDI

– Medium Dependent Interface is an Ethernet port for a connection to a straight-through cable

MDIX

- Medium Dependent Interface Crossover, is an Ethernet port for a connection to a crossover cable

Megabit

- Mb

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Megabyte

- MB

Megabits per second

- Mbps

MIB

– Management Information Base is a set of objects that can be managed by using SNMP

Modem

– A device that Modulates digital signals from a computer to an analog signal in order to transmit the

signal over phone lines.

It also Demodulates the analog signals coming from the phone lines to digital signals

for your computer

MPPE

– Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption is used to secure data transmissions over PPTP connections

MTU

– Maximum Transmission Unit is the largest packet that can be transmitted on a packet-based network

like the Internet

Multicast

– Sending data from one device to many devices on a network

N

NAT

– Network Address Translation allows many private IP addresses to connect to the Internet, or another

network, through one IP address

NetBEUI

– NetBIOS Extended User Interface is a Local Area Network communication protocol.

This is an

updated version of NetBIOS

NetBIOS

– Network Basic Input/Output System

Netmask

– Determines what portion of an IP address designates the Network and which part designates the

Host

NetWare

– A Server Software developed by Novell

Network Interface Card

– A card installed in a computer or built onto the motherboard that allows the computer

to connect to a network

Network later

– The third layer of the OSI model which handles the routing of traffic on a network

Network Time Protocol

– Used to synchronize the time of all the computers in a network

NIC

– Network Interface Card

NTP

– Network Time Protocol

O

OFDM

– Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing is the modulation technique for both 802.11a and

802.11g

OSI

– Open Systems Interconnection is the reference model for how data should travel between two devices

on a network

OSPF

– Open Shortest Path First is a routing protocol that is used more than RIP in larger scale networks

because only changes to the routing table are sent to all the other routers in the network as opposed to sending

the entire routing table at a regular interval, which is how RIP functions

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P

Password

-

A sequence of characters that is used to authenticate requests to resources on a network

Personal Area Network

– The interconnection of networking devices within a range of 10 meters

Physical layer

– The first layer of the OSI model.

Provides the hardware means of transmitting electrical

signals on a data carrier

PoE

– Power over Ethernet is the means of transmitting electricity over the unused pairs in a category 5

Ethernet cable

POP 3

– Post Office Protocol 3 is used for receiving email

PPP

– Point-to-Point Protocol is used for two computers to communicate with each over a serial interface, like

a phone line

PPPoE

– Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet is used to connect multiple computers to a remote server over

Ethernet

PPTP

– Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol is used for creating VPN tunnels over the Internet between two

networks

Preamble

– Used to synchronize communication timing between devices on a network

Q

QoS

– Quality of Service

R

RADIUS

– Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service allows for remote users to dial into a central server and

be authenticated in order to access resources on a network

Rendezvous

– Apple’s version of UPnP, which allows for devices on a network to discover each other and be

connected without the need to configure any settings

Repeater

– Retransmits the signal of an Access Point in order to extend it’s coverage

RIP

– Routing Information Protocol is used to synchronize the routing table of all the routers on a network

RJ-11

– The most commonly used connection method for telephones

RJ-45

- The most commonly used connection method for Ethernet

RS-232C

– The interface for serial communication between computers and other related devices

RSA

– Algorithm used for encryption and authentication

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S

Samba

– A freeware program that allows for resources to be shared on a network.

Mainly used in Unix based

Operating Systems

Server

– A computer on a network that provides services and resources to other computers on the network

Session key

– An encryption and decryption key that is generated for every communication session between

two computers

Session layer

– The fifth layer of the OSI model which coordinates the connection and communication between

applications on both ends

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

– Used for sending and receiving email

Simple Network Management Protocol

– Governs the management and monitoring of network devices

SMTP

– Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

SNMP

– Simple Network Management Protocol

SOHO

– Small Office/Home Office

SPI

– Stateful Packet Inspection

SSH

– Secure Shell is a command line interface that allows for secure connections to remote computers

SSID

– Service Set Identifier is a name for a wireless network

Stateful inspection

– A feature of a firewall that monitors outgoing and incoming traffic to make sure that only

valid responses to outgoing requests for incoming packets are allowed to pass though the firewall

Subnet mask

– Determines what portion of an IP address designates the Network and which part designates

the Host

T

TCP

– Transmission Control Protocol

TCP/IP

– Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TFTP

– Trivial File Transfer Protocol is a utility used for transferring files that is simpler to use than FTP but

with less features

Throughput

– The amount of data that can be transferred in a given time period

Traceroute

– A utility displays the routes between you computer and specific destination

U

UDP

– User Datagram Protocol

UNC

– Universal Naming Convention allows for shares on computers to be identified without having to know

what storage device it’s on