19216811.live3.7 Glossary
ADSL
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
ADSL is a technology for transmitting digital
information at a high bandwidth on existing phone
lines to homes and businesses. Unlike regular dial-up
phone service, ADSL provides continuously-available,
“always on” connection. ADSL is asymmetric in that it
uses most of the channel to transmit downstream to
the user and only a small part to receive information
from the user. ADSL simultaneously accommodates
analog (voice) information on the same line. ADSL is
generally offered at downstream data rates from 512
kbit/s to about 6 Mbit/s.
ADSL2+
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 2+
ADSL2plus doubles the bandwidth used for
downstream data transmission, effectively doubling
the maximum downstream data rates, and achieving
rates of 20 Mbit/s on phone lines as long at 5,000
feet. ADSL2+ solutions will most commonly be
multimode, interoperating with ADSL and ADSL2, as
well as with ADSL2+ chipsets.
Browser
A computer program that allows users to view
information from the Internet. To use a browser, you
type in the URL of a website, and the browser then
connects your computer to the website, and shows
the information there on your screen.
Client
On a local area network or the Internet, a computer
that accesses shared network resources provided by
another computer (called a server).
DHCP
Dynamic Host Con
fi
guration Protocol
DHCP is a client-server networking protocol. Most
organizations use DHCP. A DHCP server provides
con
fi
guration parameters speci
fi
c to the DHCP client
host requesting, generally, information required
by the host to participate on the Internet network.
DHCP also provides a mechanism for allocation of IP
addresses to hosts.
DNS
Domain Name System
A hierarchical way of tracking domain names and
their addresses, devised in the mid-1980s. The DNS
database does not rely on one
fi
le or even one server,
but rather is distributed over several key computers
across the Internet to prevent catastrophic failure
if one or a few computers go down. DNS is a TCP/IP
service that belongs to the Application layer of the
OSI model.
DLNA
Digital Living Network Alliance de
fi
nes a standard
for moving movies, photos, music and other media
from device to device. DLNA servers can store media
in one location without setup or con
fi
guration, can
stream the media to DLNA compliant devices like
Playstation 3 and Xbox 360.
For more information see
www.dlna.org
Ethernet
A local area network (LAN) architecture developed
by Xerox Corporation in cooperation with DEC and
Intel in 1976. Ethernet uses a bus or star topology
and supports data transfer rates of 10 Mbit/s. The
Ethernet speci
fi
cation served as the basis for the
IEEE 802.3 standard, which speci
fi
es the physical and
lower software layers. Ethernet uses the CSMA/CD
access method to handle simultaneous demands.
It is one of the most widely implemented LAN
standards.
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE) is a standards organization for computer and
electronic devices. Its senior members are IEEE
fellows.
Internet
Largest global internet work, connecting tens of
thousands of networks worldwide and having a
‘culture’ that focuses on research and standardization
based on real-life use. Many leading-edge network
technologies come from the Internet community.
The most important using for Internet is:
The email
The World Wide Web (WWW)
The transfer of data
The forum of discussion
To transfer data of peer-to-peer
Chat
The content of audio/video streaming
IP
Internet Protocol
The set of standards responsible for ensuring that
data packets transmitted over the Internet are routed
to their intended destinations.