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IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. This American organization

was founded in 1963 and sets standards for computers and communications.

IP

Internet Protocol. IP is a layer 3 network protocol that is the standard for send-

ing data through a network. IP is part of the TCP/IP set of protocols that de-

scribe the routing of packets to addressed devices. An IP address consists of

32 bits divided into two or three fields: a network number and a host number or

a network number, a subnet number, and a host number.

IP Address

Internet Protocol Address. A unique identifier for a device attached to a network

using TCP/IP. The address is written as four octets separated with periods (full-

stops), and is made up of a network section, an optional subnet section and a

host section.

ISP

Internet Service Provider. An ISP is a business that provides connectivity to the

Internet for individuals and other businesses or organizations.

LAN

Local Area Network. A network of end stations (such as PCs, printers, servers)

and network devices (hubs and switches) that cover a relatively small geo-

graphic area (usually not larger than a floor or building). LANs are characterized

by high transmission speeds over short distances (up to 1000 metres).

MAC

Media Access Control. A protocol specified by the IEEE for determining which

devices have access to a network at any one time.

MAC Address

Media Access Control Address. Also called the hardware or physical address. A

layer 2 address associated with a particular network device. Most devices that

connect to a LAN have a MAC address assigned to them as they are used to

identify other devices in a network. MAC addresses are 6 bytes long.

Mbps

Megabits per second.

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Network

A Network is a collection of computers and other computer equipment that are

connected for the purpose of exchanging information or sharing resources.

Networks vary in size, some are within a single room, others span continents.

Protocol

A set of rules for communication between devices on a network. The rules dic-

tate format, timing, sequencing and error control.

PPPoA

Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM. PPP over ATM is a protocol for connecting

remote hosts to the Internet over an always-on connection by simulating a dial-

up connection.

PPPoE

Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. Point-to-Point Protocol is a method of

data transmission originally created for dial-up connections; PPPoE is for

Ethernet connections.

RJ-45

A standard connector used to connect Ethernet networks. The “RJ” stands for

“registered jack”.

Router

A device that acts as a central hub by connecting to each computer's network

interface card and managing the data traffic between the local network and the

Internet.

Server

A computer in a network that is shared by multiple end stations. Servers provide

end stations with access to shared network services such as computer files and

printer queues.

SSID

Service Set Identifier. Some vendors of wireless products use SSID inter-

changeably with ESSID.

Subnet mask

A subnet mask, which may be a part of the TCP/IP information provided by your

ISP, is a set of four numbers configured like an IP address. It is used to create

IP address numbers used only within a particular network (as opposed to valid

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IP address numbers recognized by the Internet, which must assigned by Inter-

NIC).

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. This is the name for two of the

most well-known protocols developed for the interconnection of networks. Origi-

nally a UNIX standard, TCP/IP is now supported on almost all platforms, and is

the protocol of the Internet.

TCP

It relates to the content of the data travelling through a network — ensuring that

the information sent arrives in one piece when it reaches its destination. IP re-

lates to the address of the end station to which data is being sent, as well as the

address of the destination network.

VCI

VCI - Virtual Channel Identifier. The identifier in the ATM (Asynchronous Trans-

fer Mode) cell header that identifies to which virtual channel the cell belongs.

VPI

VPI - Virtual Path Identifier. The field in the ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)

cell header that identifies to which VP (Virtual Path) the cell belongs.

WAN

Wide Area Network. A network that connects computers located in geographi-

cally separate areas (for example, different buildings, cities, or countries). The

Internet is an example of a wide area network.

WEP

Wired Equivalent Privacy. A shared key encryption mechanism for wireless

networking. Encryption strength is 40/64 bit or 128 bit.

Wi-Fi

Wireless Fidelity. This is the certification granted by WECA to products that

meet their inter operability criteria. (see also 802.11b, WECA)

Wi-Fi Alliance

The Wi-Fi Alliance is a trade group, owning the trademark to Wi-Fi, aiming at

performing the testing, certifying interoperability of products and promoting the

technology.

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Wireless Client

The term used to describe a desktop or mobile PC that is wirelessly connected

to your wireless network

Wizard

A Windows application that automates a procedure such as installation or con-

figuration.

WLAN

Wireless Local Area Network. A WLAN is a group of computers and devices

connected together by wireless in a relatively small area (such as a house or of-

fice).

WPA

Wi-Fi Protected Access. A dynamically changing encryption mechanism for

wireless networking. Encryption strength is 256 bit.

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